Reporter: MA.

KRISSA FE MANAOG BADUYA

Course: Master of Arts in Education
Major in Administration and Supervision
Professor: DR. MARIA P. DELA VEGA
Subject: ED202: INFERENTIAL STATISTICS

MEASURE OF CENTRAL TENDENCY: MODE

We often need a statistics to represent the typical score of a group of scores. A very
simple way of identifying the typical score is to pick out the score that occurs most frequently.

It is the score that occurs more times than any other scores. It is the score having the
highest point in a frequency polygon or histogram.

Properties of Mode
The mode is used when the most typical case is desired.
The mode is the easiest average to compute.
The mode can be used when the data are nominal or categorical, such as religious
preference, gender, or political affiliation.
The mode is not always unique. A data set can have more than one mode, or the mode
may not exist for a data set.

Mode of Ungrouped Scores

It can be found by mere inspection.
For example,
 given the data set: 3, 6, 9, 9, 9, 16, 27, 37, 28, the mode is 9 since it is appears frequently in
the given set.
It is also called Unimodal since there is only one mode in the given set.

Bimodal, Trimodal & Multimodal (More than one mode)

When there are two modes in a data set, then the set is called bimodal
For example,
The mode of Set A = {4,4,4,9,15,15,16,27,37} is 4 and 15, because both 4 and 15 is repeated
three times in the given set.
When there are three modes in a data set, then the set is called trimodal
For example,
the mode of set A = {2,2,2,3,4,5,5,5,6,7,8,8,8} is 2, 5 and 8
When there are four or more modes in a data set, then the set is called multimodal

Mode of Grouped Scores

Now, when the scores are grouped, the Mode is computed in another manner. Inspection
is not possible as it is with ungrouped scores.
The Mode of grouped scores can be computed after the Mean and the Median have been
computed.
Formula:

Mode = 3 Median – 2 Mean

Let’s assume that the Median of a set of grouped scores is 62.55 and the Mean is 60.25.
What is the Mode?
To translate our formula:
Mode = 3 x 62.55 – 2 x 60.25
= 187.65 – 120.5
= 67.15

If in case of grouped frequency distribution, calculation of mode just by looking into the
frequency is not possible. To determine the mode in such cases we calculate the modal class.
Mode lies inside the modal class. The mode of data is given by the formula

Where,
L = lower limit of the modal class
H = size of the class interval
F1 = frequency of the modal class

F0 = frequency of the class preceding the modal class

F2 = frequency of the class succeeding the modal class

Example: in a class of 30 students, marks obtained by students in mathematics out of 50 is
tabulated as below, calculate the mode of data given

h f0
- size of the class - Frequency of the class
interval preceding the modal class

Marks Number of
Obtained Student
10-20 5 f1
modal class
20-30 12
- Frequency of the
30-40 8
modal class
40-50 5

l f2
– lower limit of the - Frequency of the class
modal class is 20 succeeding the modal
class