Senior High School

Practical Research I
Quarter 2 - Module 7
Drawing Conclusions
and Recommendations
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 Senior High School

Practical Research I
Quarter 2 - Module 7
Drawing Conclusions and
Recommendations
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to Practical Research I Self Learning Module on Drawing Conclusions
and Recommendations.
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by
educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or
facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum
while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims
to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration
their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body
of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help

you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:
Welcome to Practical Research I Self Learning Module on Drawing Conclusions
and Recommendations.
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled
to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

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CONTENT STANDARD The learner demonstrates understanding of
guidelines in making conclusions and
recommendations.

PERFORMANCE STANDARD The learner is able to form logical conclusions

and make recommendations based on those
conclusions.

LEARNING COMPETENCY The learner draws conclusions from patterns

and themes, formulates recommendations
based on conclusion and list references.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, the students are

expected to:
1. Identify conclusion and recommendation
as parts of the research paper;

2. Express credible conclusions about

his/her surroundings based on actual
experiences;

3. Give recommendations to the problems

observed in the locality.

INTRODUCTION

This module aims to let you, our dear learner to identify and understand how to
report and share the findings of your research. Congratulations, because you are
almost finished in writing your research paper.

Make sure to read and comprehend the assigned tasks for you everyday and you
will finally be able to construct conclusions and recommendations which are essential
parts of a research paper.

Now to get started, you will answer the PRE-TEST below to assess your prior
knowledge on the topics you are about to tackle.

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PRE-TEST

Directions: Read and understand the questions carefully then encircle the letter of
the correct answer.

1. It indicates the ability of a paper to enhance or expand any existing knowledge

about your research study.
A. through downplaying
B. warranted conclusion
C. creating a link of the searched related literature
D. creating a link between your discoveries and review of related literature

2. The next move after analyzing the data is _______________________.

A. listing of references
B. reporting findings
C. drawing conclusions
D. giving recommendations

3. What bodily sense could lead researchers to a particular conclusion about

every experience?
A. Hearing
B. Seeing
C. Smelling
D. All of the five senses

4. What are the two important things in stating the results of your critical evaluation
of outcomes that you expect to support your conclusions?
A. honesty and objectivity
B. realistic and time-bounded
C. specific and honesty
D. subjective and honesty

5. It is a type of inferential or interpretative thinking that derives its validity,

truthfulness or reasonableness from your sensory experience.
A. Conclusion
B. Recommendation
C. Reporting and sharing findings
D. Research

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6. It explains how the evidence or findings resulting from your data analysis stands
to prove or disprove your conclusion.
A. Credibility of conclusion
B. Falsified conclusion
C. Language of conclusion
D. Warranted conclusion

7. One of the purposes of this section in a research paper is to broaden the

readers’ knowledge and understanding of the area covered by the research.
A. Conclusion
B. Discussion and conclusion
C. Recommendation
D. References

8. What quality does a researcher must have in order to prove his/her

conclusions?
A. Confidence
B. Honesty
C. Reliability
D. Resilience

9. It is the best kind of proof to back up a researcher’s conclusion.

A. One that is factual
B. One that is logical
C. One that is factual and logical
D. One that is realistic and logical

10. The results of these experiences are factual data to support the truthfulness of
a conclusion.
A. Academic experiences
B. Everyday experiences
C. Sensory experiences
D. Socio-economic experiences

11. The following statements are pointers in writing conclusions, EXCEPT:

A. Explain your point in simple and clear sentences.
B. It should have the aim and effort to solve problems in the study.
C. Use expressions that center on the topic rather than on yourself, the
researcher.
D. Include only necessary items; exclude any piece of information or picture
not closely related to your report.

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12. Which of the following statements does NOT describe a research
recommendation?
A. It is the next step after analyzing the data you have gathered.
B. It should ensure a continuous benefit being accorded to the universe-
mankind involved.
C. It aims to broaden the reader’s knowledge and understanding of the area
covered by the research.
D. It lets the reader positively consider some activities they can possibly do
to extend, modify, replicate or validate the findings of your research
work.

13. Which statement is NOT true about a research conclusion?

A. It is explained and stated in simple and clear sentences.
B. It contains valid, supported findings instead of falsified results.
C. It is an idea derived from the sensory experience of the researchers.
D. It is a process of understanding data or known facts serving as the basis
of any claims or conclusion about something.

14. As a researcher, why do you have to be confident in stating evidences in your

research paper?
A. You can attract more readers.
B. You will be able to prove your conclusion.
C. You can assure that the data collected are reliable.
D. You can make sure that the conclusion is well-written and based on
facts.

15. A good conclusion chapter should _______________________________.

I. have a structure that brings back what the research set out to do
II. discuss the researcher’s own assumptions and ideas about the topic
under study
III. make logical links between the various parts of the arguments starting
from the hypotheses
IV. give an overview of the problem and the results found along the conduct
of the research

A. I and II only
B. I and IV only
C. I and III only
D. II and IV only

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REVIEW OF THE PREVIOUS MODULE

On the previous module, you have learned how to analyze the meaning of the
data. Data Analysis, is a process of understanding data or known facts or assumptions
that serves as the basis of any claims or conclusions you have about something.

In doing this, the researcher goes through coding and collating. Coding is the
act of using symbols like letters or words to represent subjective data such as emotions
and opinions. Collating, on the other hand, is your way of bringing together the coded
data.

PRESENTATION OF THE NEW MODULE

This section explains the findings resulting from thematically or theoretically

gathered and analyzed data with the capacity of leading you to a valid conclusion. Any
conclusions stated in this module derive their validity or truthfulness as they are able
to answer the specific research questions and render any research hypotheses or
assumptions right or wrong.

ACTIVITY

Activity 1

Directions: Read and analyze each scenario and think of a conclusion that fits to
the situation. Write your answers in the space provided.

Example: I studied hard for my test.

Answer: I passed the test.

1. I did not bring my wallet to the store.

______________________________________________________________
2. I bought a new computer.
______________________________________________________________
3. I don’t have a cable T.V.
______________________________________________________________
4. My family takes a vacation every summer.
______________________________________________________________
5. I couldn’t finish my food.
______________________________________________________________
6. It was raining hard yesterday.
______________________________________________________________
7. The last slice of cake was eaten by my sister.
______________________________________________________________

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 8. A five-year old child was seen to be taken by a man in black.
______________________________________________________________
9. The siblings went to the mall and got stuck in the elevator.
______________________________________________________________
10. She saw her boyfriend with another girl in the park.
______________________________________________________________

ANALYSIS

Directions: Answer the following questions by sharing your ideas or opinions. Do it

concisely. Write your answers in the space provided.

The teacher will rate your answers using the following rubric:
5 4 3 2 1
Cited evidence, Cited some Cited some Most parts of the Did not
explained, and evidence, some evidence, most answer do not explain or
expanded idea/s parts of the parts of the have evidence expand the
beyond simply answer are left answer are left from the text and answer.
answering the unexplained. unexplained. are left
question. unexplained.

1. Why is there a need for conclusion and recommendation in a research paper?

______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

2. What is the importance of listing the references in a research paper?

______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

ABSTRACTION
Reporting and Sharing the Findings

The findings of your research are meant to be reported to or shared with others
because your primary aim in researching is to strengthen existing knowledge or
discover new ones for the improvement of the world. Therefore, you have to put your
results out to the readers in a way that you have to communicate things that you have
done procedurally and things that you have learned through your methods of gathering
and analyzing principled data.

6
Drawing Conclusions

Meaning of Conclusion

Conclusion is a kind of inferential or interpretative reasoning from your sensory

experience that derives its validity, truthfulness or reasonableness. It leads to a clear
conclusion for each of those encounters by touching, seeing, hearing, tasting and
smelling things around you. To endorse the truthfulness of your assumptions, the
effects of your sensory experience are factual evidence.

Drawing Conclusions

Your next step in your research work, after reviewing the data you have
obtained, is to draw conclusions. This makes you draw conclusions that emerge from
the factual knowledge that you have discovered and examined The only ones included
in the conclusion section of your research paper are any conclusions drawn or
deduced by you from facts or statements arising from critical reasoning rather than
from another theory, prediction or generalization.

Any statement you offer about what you learned through your study of the data
you obtained is a "justified conclusion" that describes how your conclusion can be
confirmed or disproved by the facts or results based from your data analysis. One that
is true and rational or provided by correct reasoning is the best sort of evidence to
back up your conclusion. Downplaying, even less, excluding warrants reserved
exclusively for stating conclusions regarding your results from this portion of your
paper makes your readers doubt the sincerity or genuineness of your conclusions.

Research paper is about exploring things and involving yourself with others in
the academic community in an exchange of potentially supported ideas. And in the
conclusion section of your research paper, you state all your discoveries. But in your
paper, it is not just making your conclusions visible, but also making them related to
the claims or arguments or various research studies and written works that you have
subjected to your RRL or literature review.

You have to write the conclusion portion of your paper with confidence, thinking
of analysis as the process by which you discuss or disagree with others on certain
concepts in any field of expertise. Convinced of the validity of your findings to prove
your conclusions, you must confidently state how your conclusions work to debunk or
contradict existing, correlative assumptions, and published works.

Your conclusions, on the other hand, must clearly provide sufficient evidence
to justify their alignment with or support for recent theories and research results. Most
importantly, your conclusions must present your judgment of the truthfulness of your

7
findings and your evaluation of their ability to answer your research hypotheses or
research questions either positively or negatively.

Pointers in Writing Conclusions

1. Short and straightforward sentences are used to clarify your point.
2. Using phrases that concentrate on the subject rather than on the researcher
himself.
3. Include only the items needed; remove any piece of information or image that
is not closely related to your study.
4. Instead of falsified findings, make your conclusion include only validly
supported results.
5. In stating the outcomes of your objective assessment of findings that you
anticipate to endorse your conclusions, exercise absolute integrity and
objectivity.

Recommendations

To broaden the knowledge and understanding of the field covered by the study
of the readers, recommend or let the readers consider positively some activities that
they may be able to broden, modify, replicate or validaate the results of your research
work.

Pointers in Writing Recommendations

1. It should have the purpose and initiative to solve the problems under study.
2. It should ensure that all people involved will have a continuous benefit.

8
Activity 2

Directions: Put a check (✓) mark on the column with the heading that expresses your
judgment about the following purported evidence to prove a conclusion.

Evidence Good evidence Poor Reasons,

evidence Comments,
Reactions
1. The workers seem willing
to file a labor case.
2. They worked hard the way
the characters in the movie,
The Bible, did their jobs.
3. The company’s records
show the number of
absences the laborer’s
incurred.
4. Apparently, the laborer’s
failed to get their 13th-
month pay last year.
5. For returning the lost and
found wallet containing
P15, 000, the laborer
received a certificate of
merit.
6. Words have been going
around that the laborers
may stage a sit-down
strike.
7. Probably, some officers
thought it’s reasonable for
them to file a labor case.
8. The president’s printed
decision on their demands
is posted on the bulletin
board.
9. The CCTV caught 38
laborers marching to the
president’s office at 8:00
a.m. on May 2, 2015.
10. Some are contemplating on
staging a mass resignation.

9
APPLICATION

Directions: Choose one existing Philippine issue you have come to be knowledgeable
about through experience with them or readings about them. Then, write
your recommendations in the space provided.

The teacher will rate your answers using the following rubric:
5 4 3 2 1
Cited evidence, Cited some Cited some Most parts of the Did not explain
explained, and evidence, some evidence, most answer do not or expand the
expanded idea/s parts of the parts of the have evidence answer.
beyond simply answer are left answer are left from the text and
answering the unexplained. unexplained. are left
question. unexplained.

10
POST-TEST

Directions: Read and understand the questions carefully then encircle the letter of
the correct answer.

1. It explains how the evidence or findings resulting from your data analysis stands
to prove or disprove your conclusion.
A. Credibility of conclusion
B. Falsified conclusion
C. Language of conclusion
D. Warranted conclusion

2. One of the purposes of this section in a research paper is to broaden the

readers’ knowledge and understanding of the area covered by the research.
A. Conclusion
B. Discussion and conclusion
C. Recommendation
D. References

3. What quality does a researcher must have in order to prove his/her

conclusions?
A. Confidence
B. Honesty
C. Reliability
D. Resilience

4. It is the best kind of proof to back up a researcher’s conclusion.

A. one that is factual
B. one that is logical
C. one that is factual and logical
D. one that is realistic and logical

5. The results of these experiences are factual data to support the truthfulness of
a conclusion.
A. Academic experiences
B. Everyday experiences
C. Sensory experiences
D. Socio-economic experiences

11
6. It indicates the ability of a paper to enhance or expand any existing knowledge
about your research study.
A. through downplaying
B. warranted conclusion
C. creating a link of the searched related literature
D. creating a link between your discoveries and review of related literature

7. The next move after analyzing the data is _______________________.

A. listing of references
B. reporting findings
C. drawing conclusions
D. giving recommendations

8. What bodily sense could lead researchers to a particular conclusion about

every experience?
A. Hearing
B. Seeing
C. Smelling
D. All of the five senses

9. What are the two important things in stating the results of your critical evaluation
of outcomes that you expect to support your conclusions?
A. Honesty and objectivity
B. Realistic and time-bounded
C. Specific and honesty
D. Subjective and honesty

10. It is a type of inferential or interpretative thinking that derives its validity,

truthfulness or reasonableness from your sensory experience.
A. Conclusion
B. Recommendation
C. Reporting and sharing findings
D. Research

11. Which statement is NOT true about a research conclusion?

A. It is explained and stated in simple and clear sentences.
B. It contains valid supported findings instead of falsified results.
C. It is an idea derived from the sensory experience of the researchers.
D. It is a process of understanding data or known facts serving as the basis
of any claims or conclusion about something.

12
12. The following statements are pointers in writing conclusions, EXCEPT:
A. Explain your point in simple and clear sentences.
B. It should have the aim and effort to solve problems in the study.
C. Use expressions that center on the topic rather than on yourself, the
researcher.
D. Include only necessary items; exclude any piece of information or picture
not closely related to your report.

13. Which of the following statements does NOT describe a research

recommendation?
A. It is the next step after analyzing the data you have gathered.
B. It should ensure a continuous benefit being accorded to the universe-
mankind involved.
C. It aims to broaden the reader’s knowledge and understanding of the area
covered by the research.
D. It lets the reader positively consider some activities they can possibly do
to extend, modify, replicate or validate the findings of your research
work.

14. A good conclusion chapter should _______________________________.

I. have a structure that brings back what the research set out to do
II. discuss the researcher’s own assumptions and ideas about the topic under
study
III. make logical links between the various parts of the arguments starting from
the hypotheses
IV. give an overview of the problem and the results found along the conduct of
the research

A. I and II only
B. I and IV only
C. I and III only
D. II and IV only

15. As a researcher, why do you have to be confident in stating evidences in your

research paper?
A. You can attract more readers.
B. You will be able to prove your conclusion.
C. You can assure that the data collected are reliable.
D. You can make sure that the conclusion is well-written and based on
facts.

13
 14
APPLICATION (To be rated according to ACTIVITY 2 (RCR may vary)
the rubric)
E GE PE RCR
1. Answers may vary. 1.  Not a
strong
evidence
2.  Strong
evidence
ANALYSIS (To be rated according to the 3.  Strong
evidence
rubric) Answers may vary.
4.  Not a
1. (Possible answer ) Conclusion and strong
evidence
recommendation are needed in a 5.  Strong
research paper because evidence
6.  Not a
conclusions interpret the findings
strong
and recommendations support evidence
conclusions based from the report’s 7.  Not a
strong
findings. evidence
2. (Possible answer ) It is important 8.  Strong
to list the references in a research evidence
9.  Strong
paper so you can avoid plagiarism. evidence
It also serves as an 10.  Not a
acknowledgement of other writers strong
evidence
and researchers in the field.
ACTIVITY 1 (Answers may vary) POST-TEST PRE-TEST
1. (Possible answer ) I was not able to 1. D 1. D
buy the food that I want to eat. 2. C 2. C
2. (Possible answer ) I can finally finish 3. A 3. D
my paper works. 4. C 4. A
3. (Possible answer ) I can’t watch my 5. D 5. A
favorite T.V. show. 6. D 6. D
4. (Possible answer ) We always end 7. C 7. C
5. (Possible answer ) My mom got angry
8. D 8. A
with me.
9. A 9. C
6. (Possible answer ) We were not
10. A 10. D
able to go to the beach.
7. (Possible answer ) I cried hard and 11. D 11. B
got mad at her. 12. B 12. B
8. (Possible answer ) The parents called 13. B 13. D
the police and asked for help. 14. C 14. B
9. (Possible answer ) They got 15. B 15. C
traumatized because of the incident.
10. (Possible answer ) She broke up
with him immediately.
ANSWER KEY
REFERENCES

Baraceros, E. L. 2016. Practical Research 1 Kto12 First Edition, Quezon City:

Rex Printing Company.

https://www.slideshare.net/XtineRubio/how-to-write-chapter-5

www.study.sagepub.com

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Schools Division of Surigao del Norte

Peñaranda St., Surigao City
Surigao del Norte, Philippines 8400
Tel. No: (086) 826-8216
Email Address: surigao.delnorte@deped.gov.ph

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