Flow Control June 2017

CAST YOUR
VOTE!
2017 INNOVATION
AWARDS NOMINEES
Page 23
SOLUTIONS for FLUID MOVEMENT,

MEASUREMENT & CONTAINMENT
Motor
Control
Drives communicate,
protect and save
Also Inside
Multiphase flowmeter validation

Peristaltic pump digitalization
Quick exhaust valve advancements
JUNE 2017 • Vol. XXIII, No. 6

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Table of Contents | June 2017 • Vol. XXIII, No. 6
Cover Series
Image courtesy of Nidec Motor Corporation

Motors & Drives
8 How to specify voltage for better
performance & longer motor life
By Jeff Farris & Patrick Hogg, Nidec Motor Corporation
Know the difference between motor and transformer
voltage.
12 Applying drives to control multiple motors

By Mike Kellis & Aaron VanderMeulen, Eaton
Best practices to improve reliability & reduce costs using
synchronous transfer
8
14 What a pump’s motor protection relay is
trying to say
By Kip Larson, Littelfuse
Learn what various error codes mean for pumps.
Special Section
Sealing Options
12 26
18 Closing the gap with elastomers
By Evan Cusick, Viega
These specialized polymers are used in a growing number
of applications. Departments
4 From the Editor
20 New seal technology for quick
exhaust valves 6 Application Corner & Quiz Corner
By James Simpson, Trelleborg Sealing Solutions 22 Trade Shows & Events
A material provider/manufacturer partnership leads to a
31 Advertiser Index
custom solution for a safety-critical subsea application.
32 FlowControlNetwork.com
Best Practices & Applications

23 2017 Innovation Awards nominees
By Flow Control staff
28 By
The digital transformation of asset monitoring
Todd Loudin, Flowrox
Discover new, innovative fluid handling technologies The new generation of plant personnel stands to reap
from this year’s awards contenders. benefits from the Internet of Things.
26 In-situ validation of multiphase flow

measurement systems
By David Millington, NEL
The future of high-accuracy multiphase metering
depends on addressing its limitations today.
Flow Control (ISSN #1081-7107) is published 12 times a year

by Grand View Media Group, 200 Croft Street, Suite 1, Birming-
© Entire contents copyright 2017. No portion of this publica-
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2 | June 2017 Flow Control

Keeping the World Flowing
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It’s in our DNA
For sixty years our customers

have relied on Rotork for Rotork Innovation
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From the Editor EDITORIAL DIRECTOR
LORI DITORO | 205-408-3744
lditoro@grandviewmedia.com
EDITOR IN CHIEF
T
he Flow Control team has trav- how a new quick exhaust valve sealing ROBYN TUCKER | 205-981-4698
eled to several events and trade solution was developed. rtucker@grandviewmedia.com
shows over the past few weeks, NEL Flow Measurement (page 26) GROUP SENIOR EDITOR, CONTENT MARKETING
MATT MIGLIORE | 484-255-9032
including the Measurement, Control and and Flowrox (page 28) round out our matt@grandviewmedia.com
Automation Association (MCAA) Industry issue, but not before a presentation of CONTRIBUTING EDITORS
AMY W. RICHARDSON | 205-408-5050
Forum; the Fluke & eMaint Roadshow; the nominees for our 2017 Innovation arichardson@grandviewmedia.com
the Offshore Technology Conference Awards on page 23. Be sure to read JAZMIN HILL | 205-408-3784
(OTC); and National Instruments’ through these descriptions, then head j.hill@grandviewmedia.com
NIWeek. We look forward to learning over to flowcontrolnetwork.com to COLUMNIST

DAVID W. SPITZER
more about the equipment on which choose the 2017 honorees. We will
ART DIRECTOR
this issue focuses at the upcoming feature the finalists’ case studies in our RYAN CARLSON
Electrical Apparatus Service Association October issue. Make your voice heard PRODUCTION DIRECTOR
JAIME DE ARMAN | jdearman@grandviewmedia.com
Convention in Tampa, Florida. Come see before June 30!
GROUP PUBLISHER
us at Booth 111! MICHAEL C. CHRISTIAN | 908-507-5472
Learn more about how motor voltage Sincerely, mikec@grandviewmedia.com
selection relates to the larger power DISTRICT MANAGER

JAY HAAS | 205-572-1058
supply in the first article of our cover jay@grandviewmedia.com
series by Nidec Motor Corporation (page ACCOUNT MANAGER
9). Eaton continues this series with a Robyn Tucker ADDISON PERKINS | 205-861-5303
a.perkins@grandviewmedia.com
discussion of applying drives to control rtucker@grandviewmedia.com NATIONAL ACCOUNTS MANAGER
multiple motors on page 12 before @FlowControl_Mag JIM SEMPLE | 908-963-3008
jsemple@grandviewmedia.com
Littelfuse completes the series with an
ACCOUNT MANAGER
article on what relay protection and LISA WILLIMAN | 205-332-5915
error codes say about pumps (page 14). lwilliman@grandviewmedia.com
Next, turn to page 18, where Viega MARKETING DIRECTOR
ANNEE COOK
begins our special section on sealing
MARKETING MANAGER
options by talking about the growing NICK PHILLIPS
use of elastomers in more applications. DIGITAL BUSINESS DIRECTOR
STUART ANDERSON
Trelleborg continues this section with
DIGITAL OPERATIONS MANAGER
an article on page 20, which presents MARY BETH ROMANO
AUDIENCE MARKETING MANAGER
ANNA HICKS
SUBSCRIPTION & REPRINT REQUEST
flowcontrol@omeda.com
CORPORATE TEAM
(Above) Flow Control Editor in GENERAL MANAGER
Chief Robyn Tucker (left) and MEL BLACKWELL
Group Publisher Mike Christian CHIEF MARKETING OFFICER
(right) caught up with long-time MARY BETH SHADDIX
contributor David W. Spitzer (cen- AUDIENCE DEVELOPMENT
ter) at the MCAA Industry Forum in & ANALYTICS DIRECTOR
Atlanta, Georgia. HEATHER THOMPSON
FINANCIAL DIRECTOR
(Left) The Pulsafeeder team
RANDY LYLE
showed our editorial staff its new
diaphragm pump technology at PRODUCTION DIRECTOR
OTC in Houston, Texas. ANDY ESTILL
PRODUCT DIRECTOR
JENNIFER RICHARDS
EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD

Jeff Jennings: Equilibar LLC Tom O’Banion: Emerson Process Management, Micro Motion
MitchJeff
Johnson: JMSEquilibar
Jennings: SoutheastLLC | Mitch Johnson:DavidJMS Southeast Gobind
W. Spitzer,|PE: Khiani:
Spitzer Fluor Canada
and Boyes LLC Ltd.
Gobind Khiani:JimFluor
Lauria: Mazzei
Canada, Injector Company |George
Ltd. John Merrill, PE: EagleBurgmann
Weihrauch: Baldor Electric Industries
Company
Jim Lauria: Steve Injector Endress+Hauser
MazzeiMilford: Company U.S. | Andrew
Tom O’Banion: Emerson
Yeghnazar: Automation
Blacoh Solutions
Fluid Control WINNER
DavidPE:
John Merrill, Spitzer, PE: Spitzer
W.EagleBurgmann and Boyes LLC
Industries | George
Jesse Yoder:Weihrauch: Baldor Electric Company
Flow Research
Andrew Yeghnazar:
Steve Milford: Endress+Hauser U.S.Blacoh Fluid Control | Jesse Yoder, Ph.D.: Flow Research

Application Corner
By David W. Spitzer
Incinerator combustion
air flowmeter
Part 1: Do not overlook operating constraints.
F
low measurement applications combustion air to an incinerator. The Therefore, the flowmeter must control
can be difficult because of physi- ambient air was not corrosive, abrasive the air flow from about 30 to more than
cal properties, operating condi- or lethal and operated at atmospheric 500 flow units, so it would be appropri-
tions, operating constraints or some pressure and ambient temperature. In ate for the flowmeter to measure from
combination of all three. For example, other words, the air was benign and not approximately 15 to 700 flow units, ef-
the fluid may be corrosive, abrasive and/ operating at extreme conditions. Find- fectively resulting in a 45-to-1 turndown.
or lethal. It may be operating near its ing a flowmeter to measure the air flow And by the way, it is possible for the
vapor pressure or at an extremely high should be easy, right? fumes to flow backward through the
or low temperature or extremely high or Not so fast! The flowmeter must combustion air fan to the atmosphere
low pressure. Selecting a flowmeter to measure the combustion air flow over under certain conditions. This is not
measure even common fluids operat- the entire iring rate of the incinerator good, so the flowmeter must measure
ing at nonextreme conditions can be — typically over a 10-to-1 turndown. zero flow under reverse flow conditions
challenging when operated under these However, this incinerator is different be- (or utilize a separate flow switch that
conditions. That said, the operating cause one of the plant fumes is mixed forces the flowmeter output to zero
constraints are often overlooked (at with combustion air to provide better when reverse flow occurs).
least initially). destruction, increase incinerator ca- We will select a flowmeter for this ap-
Consider the measurement of pacity and reduce energy consumption. plication next month. FC
Quiz Corner Which of the following flowmeter technologies can be

applied to measure the flow of air in a round pipe?
A. Coriolis Mass | B. Differential pressure | C. Magnetic | D. Thermal | E. Vortex shedding
M
agnetic flowmeters only measure the flow of air under some the air density is not sufficiently high
measure the flow of liq- operating conditions. Answers A, B, D to operate the sensing system. The
uids, so Answer C is not and E are correct. pressure drop across Coriolis mass
correct. The remaining technologies flowmeters in air service can become
can be applied to measure the flow Additional complicating excessive unless the air pressure is
of air. Thermal flowmeters and some factors sufficiently high.
differential pressure flowmeters can Vortex shedding flowmeters turn off Just because a flowmeter technology
measure the flow of air under most when the Reynolds number and air can measure the flow of air does
commonly encountered operating velocity are below their respective not mean that the technology will
conditions. Coriolis mass and vor- operating constraints. In addition, measure the flow of air. FC
tex shedding flowmeters can also vortex flowmeters will turn off when

The flowmeter must measure the combustion air flow over the entire
firing rate of the incinerator — typically over a 10-to-1 turndown.
David W. Spitzer is a regular contributor

to Flow Control magazine and a principal
in Spitzer and Boyes LLC, which offers
engineering, seminars, strategic, mar-
keting consulting, distribution consulting
and expert witness services for manu-
facturing and automation companies.
Spitzer and Boyes is also the publisher
of the Industrial Automation INSIDER. He
has more than 40 years of experience
and has written more than 10 books and
350 articles about flow measurement,
instrumentation and process control.
Spitzer may be reached at 845-623-
1830 or via spitzerandboyes.com.
Click on the “Products” tab to find his
Consumer Guides to various flow and
level measurement technologies.
Did you
know?
The current uptick in the
oil and gas industry will
contribute to growth of the
pipe coatings market, which
is projected to be worth
$14.42 billion by 2021.
– Markets and Markets

marketsandmarkets.com
www.flowcontrolnetwork.com June 2017 | 7

Cover Series: Motors & Drives
How to specify voltage for better

performance & longer motor life
Know the difference between motor and transformer voltage.
By Jeff Farris & Patrick Hogg, Nidec Motor Corporation
W
hen an electric motor experi-
ences performance prob-
lems or fails prematurely, the
cause can frequently be traced to an
incorrect voltage specification. Avoiding
these errors is easy if one simple rule
is followed: Rated motor voltage should
be slightly lower than rated transformer
(distribution) voltage.
It is essential to understand the differ-
ence between motor voltage and trans-
former voltage. Transformer, or “distri-
bution,” voltage is delivered by electric
utilities for distribution to equipment.
Motor, or “utilization” voltage, is mea-
sured at the motor terminals. Because
of the voltage drop from the transformer
to the motor, the operating motor “uti-
lization” voltage should be slightly lower
than the rated “distribution” voltage
supplied by the utility (see Figure 1).
A history lesson
Prior to 1965, the National Electrical
Manufacturers Association (NEMA) rec-
ommended nominal motor nameplate
voltages of 110, 208, 220, 440 and
550 volts (V), which are approximately
10 percent below standard distribu-
tion voltage. However, in the last 50
years most standards called for ratings
of 115, 208, 230, 460 and 575V,
representing a 5 percent drop from dis-
tribution voltages. These changes were
made to accommodate updated appli-
cation practices and a more stringent
distribution system. Also, as defined by
ANSI C84.1, utilities can supply slightly
higher voltage to accommodate longer
distribution runs and higher line loads.

Two major motor voltage standards
are defined by separate agencies and
used worldwide. They are NEMA in
North America and International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) in
most other countries. Both standards Power plant
High Voltage power line
agree that rated motor voltage should Power line
Commercial and industrial facility
always be less than the rated distribu- Home
tion voltage. It is important to under-
stand the differences in agency require-
ments as they relate to the region in 13,800 V 13,800 V
4160 V
which the motor will be installed. For 480 V 240 V
example, in some European countries, Typical usable voltage
as well as in the Middle East and Asia,
IEC standards apply. It is imperative, Figure 1. Voltage is stepped down as it moves through the electric grid.
when specifying electric motor voltage, All graphics courtesy of Nidec Motor Corporation
to understand each region’s standards
and requirements on voltage drop to to the 240 volts necessary to power appropriately rated motor voltage.
avoid undue electrical system stress common household electrical devices. A motor running at its nominal volt-
and premature system failures. On appliance labels or the labels on age should experience normal life
other motor-driven equipment, the rated expectancy and is more efficient to
Voltage & electric motor voltage never equals 240 volts but operate. NEMA recommends that elec-
performance is rather specified as 230 volts. In a tric motors built for commercial and
Electricity is distributed through power commercial or industrial setting, three- industrial use are designed to oper-
lines to the end user at 10,000 volts phase motors are often rated at 460 ate at voltages slightly lower than the
or higher. Utilities rarely know how the or 2,300 volts rather than the 480 or supply voltages. In fact, NEMA recom-
power they generate will be used, so 2,400 volts of the electricity that typi- mends approximately a 5 percent drop
transformers located throughout the cally enters a plant. The lower voltage from the transformer voltage to the
power distribution system are used to rating on the motor considers the volt- motor voltage (see Table 1).
reduce the voltage to the industrial and age drop that occurs because of the
residential levels needed by end users. impedance of the circuit connecting the The highs & lows of electric
Once the voltage is lowered, for transformer and the driven equipment. motor voltage
example to 4,160 volts, the power The National Electrical Code (NEC) rec- Motor damage can occur when the uti-
enters a substation and is dropped ommends a voltage drop of less than lization voltage is significantly different
again to 2,400, 480 or 240 volts, a 5 percent for the combined branch than the voltage for which a device
level at which commercial and industrial circuit and feeder lines. For example, is rated. Overvoltage is a condition
facilities can operate cooling towers, a 480V transformer should provide no that, per the listed, standards begins
pumps and other equipment. less than 456V to the equipment using with a voltage 10 percent above the
Electricity destined for residential use the voltage. All international electric rated motor voltage. Higher output or
is distributed through pole-mounted motor standards address voltage drops efficiency cannot be achieved by sup-
transformers which then reduce voltage and would therefore specify 460V as an plying a higher than nominal voltage to
the motor. The motor will convert this
Nominal system voltages Nominal system voltages Preferred motor rated extra energy into heat instead of usable
voltages for 60 Hz output such as torque. The heat accel-
for 50 Hz* for 60 Hz (North America practice)
erates the degradation of the insulation
a) b) 480 460 and bearing systems.
400 400 600 575 While overvoltage can degrade equip-
3,300 3,000 2,400 2,300 ment, constant undervoltage does more
6,600 6,000 4,160 4,000 harm and greatly impacts equipment
11,000 10,000 6,900 6,600
performance and reliability. To drive a
load, a motor must have enough power
13,800 13,200
to overcome the torque required by
Table 1. For three-phase AC machines that are 50 Hz or 60Hz intended to be directly connected that load. Motor power is calculated by
to distribution or utilization systems, the rated voltages should be selected from the voltages given
here. Other voltages are subject to approval between the manufacturer and purchaser.
voltage x current, otherwise known as

Ohm’s Law. So if voltage drops, the cur- motor failure like that seen in overvolt- voltage variation analysis conducted on
rent must increase to maintain enough age. A good rule of thumb, per NEMA, three common induction motor ratings.
power to transfer the required torque to is that for every 10-degree rise in motor It shows that a temperature increase
the driven load. This increase in current temperature, motor life is reduced by of approximately 10 degrees correlates
causes excess heat to be generated half. to a 10 percent difference from the
which, over time, can lead to premature Table 2 and Figure 2 illustrate a rated voltage.
In other words, a 10 percent voltage
Voltage variation drop reduces the motor life by half.
Motor characteristics
90% of nameplate 110% of nameplate Because of the natural voltage loss,
Starting and maximum running torque -19% +21% or sag, that occurs during transmission,
undervoltage occurs more often than
Percent slip +22% -19%
overvoltage. Therefore, it is important
Full-Load slip -0.2% to -1.0% +2.0% to +1.0% to use the international standards that
Starting current -10% +10% already take voltage losses into account
Full-Load current +5% to +10% -5% to -10% to specify and design electric motors.
No-Load current -10% to -30% +10% to +30%

The bottom line on voltage
Temperature rise +10% to +15% -10% to -15% Electric motors are designed to operate
Full-Load efficiency -1% to -3% +1% to +3% within a voltage range that is typi-
Full-Load Power factor +3% to +7% -2% to -7% cally +/-10 percent of rated voltage to
accommodate normal swings in distri-
Magnetic noise Slight decrease Slight increase
bution voltage. Continuous operation at
Table 2. General effect of voltage variations on characteristics of induction motors either the high or low end will shorten
SOLUTIONS for FLUID MOVEMENT,

MEASUREMENT & CONTAINMENT
INSIDE
OTC 2017
SHOW PREVIEW
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Also Inside
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APRIL 2017 • Vol. XXIII, No. 4
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the life of the motor. Therefore, when
specifying voltage ratings, never match
the electric motor voltage rating to
a facility’s transformer rating. Always
specify a motor voltage that is approxi-
mately 5 percent below the transformer
voltage. Doing so will save energy,
increase motor performance and pro-
tect the equipment’s useful life. FC
Jeff Farris is an electrical design engi-

neer and Patrick Hogg is manager of
application engineering for Nidec Motor
Corporation. For more information on
voltage selection and its impact on motor
safety and performance, consult NEMA
Standards Publication MG 1-2011 or
Nidec Motor Corporation.
Figure 2.
Temperature rise

Applying drives to
control multiple motors
Best practices to improve reliability & reduce costs using
synchronous transfer
By Mike Kellis & Aaron VanderMeulen, Eaton
A
djustable frequency drives and wear by soft-starting the motor control system contains an AFD, a
(AFDs) are often tapped to and drive load programmable logic controller (PLC),
drive energy savings in motor a drive output contactor, a bypass
control applications. In medium-voltage During synchronous transfer, the drive starter and motor select contactor for
equipment, drives can save upwards of will start the initial motor, transfer the each motor. Solutions that are factory
40 percent in annual energy consump- motor across the line through an adja- tested as single systems (rather than
tion. Today’s drives can do much more cent bypass contactor and operate at integrated at the job site) help minimize
than save energy though — providing full speed. Additional motors can be system integration risks.
process control, high-startup torque on started and controlled in a similar man-
weak power systems and reducing elec- ner, and motors can be sequentially Cabling versus bus connection
trical and mechanical stress across the reconnected to the drive and ramped Traditional synchronous transfer sys-
system. down in the same way. It is important tems use separate motor-select and
In applications with more than one to note that the drive can start multiple bypass starter lineups that require
motor, a single drive can be config- motors, but it can only control one expensive shielded power cables to be
ured to start any number of motors motor at a time. run external to the lineups.
— depending on the size and layout of A synchronous Double-bus designs
the system — to provide efficient, reli-
able motor control with a small footprint
at a minimal capital investment. This
application of a medium-voltage AFD is
called synchronous transfer.
Synchronous control
Synchronous transfer systems maxi-
mize capital efficiency by controlling
multiple motors with one AFD. In these
applications, a synchronous transfer
system is designed to sequentially
control multiple motors in a variety of
configurations to satisfy varying pro-
cess needs. Examples of synchronous
transfer applications include:
• Operation of motors of different
horsepowers with a single drive
• Minimization of utility disturbances
during motor startup on a weak
power system
• Optimization of process control by
regulating motor speed based on
demand
• Reduction of mechanical shock

can combine the motor-select and
bypass starters into a single lineup that
requires no external cable connections.
Additionally, the drive output is routed
to the selected motor through the top-
mounted AFD bus to provide a simple
and cost-effective design that is easier
to install than cabling. A double-bus
design is especially efficient in electrical
houses and smaller control rooms.
Improvements through
closed-transition transfer
The key performance in a synchronous
transfer system is the ability to synchro-
nize the drive output to the utility line
power and provide a smooth transition
when connecting the motor to the util-
ity. Typically, some surge or other stress
on the motor and load is present during
this transition.
With some system designs, motors
free-coast when they are switched
between the drive and the utility. This
method can lead to imperfect transi- These drives incorporate close-transition
tions and can stress the mechanical transfer with 800A contactors.
and electrical systems with torque or
current surges. The advantage of closed-transition Mike Kellis is product manager for
Closed-transition technology provides transfer is the reduction of stress on the medium-voltage control assemblies
smooth transitions during drive-to-utility motor and load, helping increase the and Aaron VanderMeulen is application
transfer. During the transfer process longevity of the motor and improving the engineer for medium-voltage control
that taps closed-transition technology, overall reliability of the system. assemblies at Eaton.
the drive matches the 60-hertz line
power and closes the Best practices to drive sys-
bypass starter before tem improvement from AFDs
Did you
powering down the AFDs have been used for decades to
drive, preventing match motor speed to output require-
the motors from free- ments, which has yielded substantial
know?
coasting during this energy savings. Drives with synchro-
critical time. If the nous transfer can be used to reduce
system is called on to capital investments by controlling mul-
switch a motor from tiple motors with one drive. For these
the utility source back synchronous transfer applications, the The global process instru-
to the drive (utility-to- design configurations that can advance
drive), closed transi- system performance include: mentation and automation
tion transfer can once • Integrated systems that are factory market is expected to grow
again be applied to tested to minimize risks
provide a smooth, • Double-bus design that avoids at a five-year compound
seamless transition. external cabling annual growth rate of 4
• Closed-transition transfer from
(Left) This drive is an example of a back-to-back drive to utility and from utility to percent from 2016 to 2021.
lineup of synchronous transfer for oil platform drive that eliminates mechanical
applications. The drives and starters are manu-
factured at the same facility and tested as an
and electrical stress. FC – Global Automation Research
integrated lineup. globalautomationresearch.com

What a pump’s motor protection

relay is trying to say
Learn what various error codes mean for pumps.
By Kip Larson, Littelfuse
M
ore and more pump motors
are protected with smart
motor protection relays. These
microprocessor-based units promise to
greatly speed up troubleshooting and
minimize downtime. Motor protection
relays can detect problems with pump
motors, pumps, wiring, controls or power
systems. Not only will they prevent dam-
age to the pumping equipment, but they
will also provide clear indication about
the nature of the problem. These relays
may display the information on a built-in
screen or provide this fault information
to the repair technician via the Internet
of Things, a local network or even a
wireless connection to a smartphone.
But what do the different fault codes
mean? And knowing what an error code
means, what should the technician do Image 1. Smart motor protection relay that can
to resolve the problem? communicate to a technician’s smartphone via a
This article will explain what a smart Bluetooth connection. The Bluetooth connection
not only allows the user to review important fault
motor protection relay measures and information, but also enables real-time diagnos-
alone. Problems that can be detected
what its different outputs and alarms tics of the energized equipment with the user by thermal sensors include high ambi-
mean in the context of actual equipment. safely located outside the electrical enclosure. ent temperatures, loss of motor cooling
All graphics courtesy of Littelfuse caused by damaged fans or debris, or
Jam starting the motor too frequently. In
A jam is essentially the ultimate overload addition, these sensors allow motors to
— Effectively, something has stopped Thermal overload be monitored to allow adequate cooling
the motor from turning, and it will quickly Thermal overload represents the physi- periods before restarting after normal
overheat and be damaged if it is not cal overheating of the motor. This can operating or faults.
immediately disconnected from power. be detected by temperature sensors
The motor protection relay will quickly trip embedded in the motor windings. These Overcurrent “overload”
to prevent these damaging conditions. sensors are typically positive tempera- Overcurrent is a condition in which the
The relay must also be intelligent enough ture coefficient thermistors or resis- current flowing to a motor exceeds its max-
to know when the motor starts normally tance temperature detectors. These imum safe amperage. Overload relays are
to temporarily disable the jam protection. devices make direct thermal measure- required for safe operation of three-phase
Larger motors can take several seconds to ments of the motor and provide addi- motors. They follow inverse trip curves
accelerate, and these conditions must be tional protection that cannot be deter- (i.e. Class 5, Class 10, etc.) that will trip
clearly distinguished from a jam condition. mined from electrical measurements quickly if a motor current is dramatically

above safe operating limits, or can allow Undercurrent/underload Some specialty pumps exhibit only a
minutes of operation if currents are slightly Undercurrent/underload represents a small change in motor current caused by
above limits. A motor protection relay can condition in which the current or power a loss of intake fluid, but with that comes
use these currents to estimate a motor’s consumed by the motor is less than a much larger change in power factor for
thermal operation. It represents this by expected. While a load that is lower than this condition. A smart motor protection
calculating a motor’s thermal capacity. expected may not harm the motor, in relay can be set up to detect the change
A cold motor that has not been operat- most conditions it is important to disable in power caused by the load loss.
ing has 100 percent thermal capacity; A equipment operating with unintended Another example is a submersible pump
motor that just tripped due to overcurrent underload. Obvious problems that cause that will normally run dry from time to time.
conditions has zero percent thermal
capacity. Overload relays are required for safe operation
The thermal capacity calculations are
intended to create trip conditions before of three-phase motors.
the motor actually reaches unsafe
temperatures. This is because of lag this condition are the failure of a drive Careful adjustment of the underload restart
in temperature rise from the motor’s coupling or belts between the motor and delay on the motor control relay can allow
thermal mass. Overcurrent conditions the pump. Another less obvious condi- time for a well to recover and return to
can be caused by problematic condition that can be detected by the relay normal operation without having to shut
tions including loads in excess of the is the loss or reduction in pump flow. If everything down or restart the system.
motor design, failed bearings, debris in the pump intake was partially or totally
pumps that create impeller drag includ- restricted, or a valve was improperly Overvoltage
ing “locked rotor” or high/low voltage. closed in the discharge side of the pump, A motor is designed to operate at a
the reduced flows can be detected by a single voltage, as shown in Figure 1.
drop in current/power to the motor. Voltage in excess of the motor’s rated

voltage can increase current draw,
leading to overheating and shortened
motor life. Starting torque and cur-
rent will be greater than normal, which
may cause problems with associated
mechanical equipment. Once running,
however, pump operation will poten-
tially trip on overcurrent or create
unnecessary heating that will shorten
the motor’s life.
Undervoltage
Undervoltage has many effects on a
motor. Starting a motor with voltage
below the rated voltage will decrease
starting current and starting torque,
potentially increasing the time to reach
normal operating speed. Full-load cur-
rent, however, increases as voltage
falls, which can lead to overheating and
shortened motor life. A poorly regulated
primary power system can cause peri-
Figure 1. Operating a motor at higher or lower than normal voltage will increase current draw, poten-
odic undervoltages and overvoltages.
tially shortening the life of the motor.
Alarm/trip Possible causes Recommended action
Check motor for high ambient temperature or cooling problems related to fan
Pump motor is running above rated temperature. Motor damage or cooling fin contamination. Allow it to cool before restarting. After
Thermal overload/over-
may have been started multiple times without ade- restarting, ensure the motor operates at or below rated current. Review control
temperature
quate cool-down time between starts. system to determine if faulty controls or other system problems start the motor
more often than expected.
Inspect motor and load for smooth mechanical operation. Replace any dam-
Motor current is operating above safe limits due to aged motor or load components. Check motor winding resistance for appropri-
Overcurrent
excessive loads, or failing bearings or motor insulation. ate values. Review motor currents during operation and reduce load if unsafe
current levels continue.
An unbalance in the phase currents is typically caused
Check motor terminals for appropriate winding resistance. Review voltage bal-
Current unbalance by motor winding insulation degradation or unbalance
ance (loaded and unloaded).
in the voltage supply.
Pump motor is not receiving current from one of the Inspect incoming voltage and fuses for the phase in question. Check all con-
Phase loss, current phases, which could be a problem with the power sys- ductors for loose or damaged wires/terminations. Review contactor contacts for
tem, contactor, wiring or fuses. damage.
One phase has lost voltage, which could be a problem Check for balanced voltage at the supply panel. Check for open fuses in the
Phase loss, voltage
with the power supply, wiring or fuses. control panel.
On new installations, verify the appropriate rotation required by the motor and
set the correct sequence in the relay. If the motor was previously installed, a
Incoming power conductor phase rotation is not the
Phase reversal change to the phase sequence has occurred in the power system, and two of
programmed phase sequence: ABC versus ACB.
the three phases must be switched to provide the correct phase rotation for the
equipment.
Inspect cabling, terminal box connections and motor windings for damage or
Earth leakage/ground
Current has been detected flowing to ground. evidence of short to ground. Test insulation resistance to ground for confirma-
fault
tion of fault. (Hipot)
Review power system voltages and correct as required. If system voltages
Overvoltage Power system voltage exceeds safe levels.
appear normal, verify power quality.
Power quality issues stem from the power supply, over- Check power quality monitors. Start motors one at a time. Review system
Undervoltage loaded transformer, long cable lengths or too many design to ensure transformer is sized properly. Verify if conductor sizes are
motors starting simultaneously. appropriate for long cable runs.
Table 1. Pump troubleshooting causes and actions

Voltage/current unbalance It requires a protective device capable of continue to operate until a scheduled ser-
If one phase that supplies a motor has detecting lower level currents and trip- vice time is determined by the operators.
less voltage than the other two (often ping the equipment offline before a more
caused by poorly distributed single-phase serious condition occurs. When current Summary
loads on the same power system), one begins to flow to ground at low levels, A modern motor protection relay can
or more of the motor windings will see perhaps because of degraded motor prevent damage from a variety of prob-
excessive current and overheat, degrad- insulation, contamination or moisture, lems. It is the technician’s job to be
ing the winding insulation and shortening the current is often insufficient to open familiar with the meanings of the relay’s
the motor’s life. The amount of unbal- a fuse or breaker. If left undetected, this various error codes to know how to iden-
ance a motor can tolerate depends on low-level ground current will continue to tify a problem and what steps to take to
the particular motor and how heavily it increase and eventually severely damage correct it. FC
is loaded. A protective relay can be set the motor. A motor protection relay can
up to ignore small unbalances and trip be programmed to detect such a low-
on larger ones. Correction may require level fault current and trip out, preventing Kip Larson is director
redistributing single-phase loads. extensive damage. The correction may be of product technology,
as simple as shutting off power and dry- Electrical Business Unit,
Phase loss (missing phase) ing the motor, or it may require a more Protection Relays for
Loss of power to one phase of a three- expensive solution including taking the Littelfuse. He has more than 20 years of
phase motor is typically described as motor out for rewinding. industrial electronics product design and
“single-phasing.” This condition causes Some electrical systems use high-resis- application experience.
excessive overcurrent in the remaining tance grounding, which will limit a fault
motor windings and requires immediate current if one phase is directly shorted to
action to prevent motor damage. Storm ground. This allows systems to “alarm” and
damage to power conductors is a primary
source of single-phase conditions. Other
sources of phase loss include an opened
fuse, damaged contact in a contactor or AWWA ACE
a loose conductor termination. BOOTH
Phase reversal
#2531
Most three-phase equipment is intended
to rotate in one direction. Pumps are good
examples. An impeller that rotates in the
wrong direction will do no useful work
and may damage the equipment if left in
this condition. The direction of the motor
rotation is related to the phase rotation
of the power system. This rotation can be
changed simply by switching the order of
two of the three power conductors con-
nected to the equipment. Motor protec-
tion relays provide reverse phase protec- WHEN SPEED & CUSTOMIZATION
tion aid in the proper installation of the
equipment and also detect and protect ARE TOP PRIORITIES
motors if a change occurs in the power
system. This can occur in the replacement You choose Singer Valve’s
of a transformer or other wiring upstream LCP-TP Level Control Panel
of the motor control cabinet.
Innovative electronics that produce better
results with none of the usual headaches.
Ground fault
A direct short to ground is an obvious
fault and will cause a fuse or circuit-
breaker to operate immediately. A low- VISIT US TODAY! SINGERVALVE.COM
level ground fault is a different condition.

Special Section: Sealing Options
Closing the gap with elastomers

These specialized polymers are used in a
growing number of applications.
By Evan Cusick, Viega
W
hen forming airtight connec- shape. This is important for temporary connections between monomers,
tions between metal surfac- connections or connections designed including cross-links, dictate the physi-
es, any imperfections will to be disassembled, but they can also cal properties. Some well-known natural
allow a leak path and result in a poor be used in permanent connections. polymers are wool, rubber, silk, DNA and
seal. Different methods are available for Elastomers are polymers with specific cellulose. Most plastics are synthetic
creating leak-tight seals between hard elastic qualities. polymers, so even though a difference
mating surfaces. Most of these methods exists, plastic products are created from
compress a softer material between two Plastics versus polymers a synthetic polymer, and the terms are
harder surfaces. The softer material Before discussing the special case of interchangeable.
is compressed to fill gaps, scratches, elastomers or the variety of polymeric An elastomer is a polymer that goes
machining marks and other imperfec- compounds that are commonly used, through an additional cross-linking
tions in the hard surfaces process to link the chains
to form a fluid-tight seal. side-to-side in addition to
Liquid thread sealant or a the end-to-end connections
thin layer of Teflon is typical- of the polymer. Cross-linking
ly used on tapered threads. can improve the elasticity
Gaskets are used for flat, of polymers by allowing the
hard mating surfaces and chains to bend and change
can be made of cork, paper, shape without breaking.
metal, rubber and many Different additives can be
other materials. Gaskets used in addition to specific
are compressed with methods of cross-linking that
bolts or straight threads. are all intended to yield more
Elastomeric seals can be desirable physical properties.
manufactured as flat gas- Some additives improve high
kets or contoured shapes. temperature resistance, while
Despite their shape, they others can improve chemi-
perform a function by using cal resistance or elasticity.
O-ring under
an interference fit. compression Additives and cross-linking
An O-ring is a special type All graphics processes can be combined
of elastomeric seal that is courtesy of Viega to tailor polymers to the spe-
round with a round cross- cific needs of an application.
section. This shape allows O-rings to be a short vocabulary lesson is in order.
used in a multitude of situations. It also The words “plastic” and “polymer” are Types of elastomers
makes them fairly simple to manufacture. often used interchangeably, but plastic Different types of elastomers are manu-
O-rings are used in a variety of mechani- refers to all moldable synthetic or semi- factured to different standards. The
cal piping connections. They form seals synthetic organic solids. Polymer comes ASTM D2000 Standard Classification
by fitting tightly around pipes, after which from ancient Greek words meaning System for Rubber Products in
they are compressed by springs, threads “many” and “parts.” A polymer is a large Automotive Applications defines
or external mechanical means. molecule composed of many repeated type based on heat resistance and
Whereas liquid sealants and paper monomers or chains of monomers. The class based on oil resistance. These
gaskets can only be compressed once, monomer gives the polymer its name classifications are designed to help
elastomeric seals return to their original and chemical properties, while the engineers with selection for different

Sealing element
applications. In addition to type and they will try to bond with other polar Dirt, debris, sharp tools and sharp mat-
class, elastomers are also chosen molecules. Nonpolar molecules have ing parts can potentially damage seals
based on their physical properties. an even distribution of electron bonding before they have a chance to perform
Elasticity is a major factor when groups, thus the electronegativity is bal- their intended function of filling imper-
designing elastomers, and a seal’s per- anced. As a result, nonpolar molecules fections to create fluid-tight seals.
formance in this specific area can be will hover around each other, exchang-
found by measuring compression set. ing electrons. In general, nonpolar mol- Importance of selecting the
When elastomers are compressed, they, ecules are more stable in the presence right elastomer
for the most part, return to their original of polar molecules since attraction can O-rings are specialized elastomeric
shape. Compression set is the propor- be fended off because of difference in seals, which are specialized polymers.
tion of deformation that does not return atomic bonds. Seals made up of polar Elastomeric seals are selected not just
when the compressive force is removed atoms should be used with nonpolar for their elastic qualities, but also for
and is an overall indicator of how elastic fluids and vice versa. their inherent and engineered resistance
an elastomer is. Tests are conducted to chemicals and harsh environments.
according to performance standards Environmental factors Polymers and their specialized cous-
such as ASTM D395. In general, a com- Many environmental factors can nega- ins, elastomers, are used in a growing
pression set test starts taking a precise tively affect elastomers. Regardless number of applications across multiple
measurement of an elastomer. The of the source, elastomeric seals can industries. Every step of their produc-
elastomer is then restrained and com- degrade in two ways. If the cross-linking tion and installation adds another layer
pressed with either a certain force or a bonds are attacked, the material loses of complexity, but also imparts desirable
certain percentage of volume change. its elasticity and becomes brittle. If the traits for specialized applications.
When the force is removed, the elasto- polymer bonds are attacked, the seal Small changes to the chemical for-
mer is measured again. The percent of loses its basic structure. Temperature mulation of an elastomer impart physi-
plastic deformation that remains after can affect the efficacy of an elastomeric cal characteristics and resistances that
force is removed is the compression set seal. High temperatures can attack the can be tailored to meet specific require-
of the elastomer. cross-linking bonds, causing permanent ments. Various methods of curing and
damage to the molecular structure. Low cross-linking also produce a variety of
Chemical factors temperatures can affect the elasticity characteristics. Finding an optimal mix
In addition to physical properties, chem- of the seal, making it rigid and brittle. between physical and chemical proper-
ical compatibility must be considered This is usually a temporary effect unless ties while balancing economic factors
when selecting seals for particular appli- physical stress causes damage to the and availability complicates the decision
cations. One of the most fundamen- unusually brittle seal. process. While decisions are largely
tal chemical compatibility concerns is based on manufacturing and perfor-
whether the media sealed inside the Installation factors mance standards, it is the responsibility
system will damage the sealing ele- Installation requires its own consider- of each engineer to choose from the
ment. As is taught in most introductory ations. If lubricants are used, the lubri- available products that best fit each
chemistry classes, “Like dissolves like.” cant needs to be compatible with the application. FC
In this respect, “like” refers to whether elastomer, the material of the system
the molecules are polar or nonpolar. and the contents of the system. Just
Polar molecules have positively charged as excessive compression can neg- Evan Cusick is a product engineer for
ends and negatively charged ends, or atively influence the performance of metals at Viega LLC. He is respon-
poles. These poles affect the structure elastomers, too much tension, which sible for all technical aspects of Viega’s
of whatever the molecules make up as is a technical way to say stretching, metal product lines, including the Viega
well as that material’s interaction with can have similar negative effects on ProPress system for copper and Viega
other substances. Nonpolar molecules elastomeric seals. Depending on the ProPress system for stainless steel
are arranged so they have two positive, design of seals, any unintended twist- as well as the Viega MegaPress and
two negative or no distinct poles. Polar ing during installation can cause local- MegaPressG systems. Cusick joined
molecules have an unbalanced distribu- ized compressive and tensile stresses. Viega in 2012. For more information, visit
tion of electron bonding groups, causing Elastomers need to be installed against viega.us.
an uneven charge. When combined, smooth, clean surfaces with blunt tools.

Special Section: Sealing Options
New seal technology for

quick exhaust valves
A material provider/manufacturer partnership leads to a
custom solution for a safety-critical subsea application.
By James Simpson, Trelleborg Sealing Solutions
E
ngineering firm Schoolhill sealing solutions did not pass test- the API RP17O Subsea HIPPS and
Hydraulic Engineering was ing. Schoolhill sought a solution that API 598 Valve Inspection and Testing
approached in 2010 to design could handle the large fluid volume and among other ISO specifications as well
a hydraulic control valve for a subsea extremely rapid operation time. as obtaining signoff for safety integrity
high-integrity pressure protection sys- In January 2013 Schoolhill decided level (SIL) certification.
tem (HHIPS) for a major oil field in the to partner with a sealing expert to find The seal developed had all the basic
South Caspian Sea. a custom solution. The expert identified functions as other seals but with added
The company developed a high-flow, issues preventing Schoolhill from mov- extras considered essential to meet the
high-integrity, safety-critical subsea ing on to the next stage of the project. needs of applications like the QEV. For
quick exhaust valve (QEV) believed to The seal had to slide across mating sur- instance, it could act as a bidirectional
be the first of its kind. It took about five faces that had dimensional changes, so seal that would work for all types of pis-
years and many teams of committed a customized version of an effective and tons and grooves. In some applications it
and dedicated people before the valve reliable low-friction seal using a high also had the ability to slide across mat-
was finalized and ready for market. modulus thermoplastic was developed. ing surfaces and could accommodate
dimensional changes. An example of this
Tried & tested Achieving the right is the transition from a diameter with
Two years after the design was devel- certifications sealing function to a different diameter
oped and finalized, prototypes of the Schoolhill produced six prototype valves where sealing is not required. The seal
valve were produced. The valve can for qualification testing. Testing was avoids potential deformation and dam-
handle 22 liters of fluid in five seconds rigorous, with 30,000 cycles required age that can be suffered by traditional
to meet critical requirements. Because for a valve that will only be operated seals when drawn out of the groove by
of high pressure drops across seals and two or three times a year. Additionally, the O-ring, the system pressure or even
the valve’s high-speed performance (17 the valve had to be certified and fluid flow forces during this transition.
milliseconds), many meet several standards such as BS
EN ISO 14723 Maximize performance
(2009) Pipeline This seal was deemed the best option
Transportation because of its ability to work in multiple
Systems — applications and because it is retained
Subsea Pipeline in a split groove. The groove prevents
Valves, BS EN the sealing surface from being damaged
12266-1 by a counterpart with variable diameter
Industrial or when passing holes.
Valves — Oil and gas exploration in hostile
Testing of deepwater environments demands
Valves and sev- industry partners to continually push
eral API specifications for the barriers of science in the pursuit of
Wellhead and Tree Equipment. reliable and robust equipment. With the
It was also important to meet need for huge volumes of fluid to rapidly
exit via the system, it was important
The valve has a water depth range of 3,000 meters. to design a unique sealing solution to
Graphic courtesy of Trelleborg Sealing Solutions maximize its performance further.

Emergency shutdowns increasingly demanding needs of explo- James Simpson is sales
The final sealing solution helped ration companies today. For instance, manager, Oil & Gas
Schoolhill release a valve, which not only Schoolhill aligned its engineering know- Europe, for Trelleborg
has a 30-year design life with a valve how with its provider’s expertise in seals Sealing Solutions. He
qualification water depth range of 3,000 to develop a game changing hydraulic joined Trelleborg as KAM
meters/9,842 feet, but also has an SIL control valve for subsea HIPPS. The end in 2007. Visit tss.trelleborg.com for
rating of SIL3 with 30,000 accumulated result was the development of a quicker more information.
cycles. With a volume flow rate of 22 and safer way to achieve emergency
liters in five seconds (260 liters per shutdowns on the ocean bed. FC
minute), the device has been designed
to ensure quick and safe emergency
Dependable seals
shutdowns on the ocean bed.
“It’s been a huge learning curve for
Schoolhill, a small company with lim-
ited resources,” Schoolhill Engineering
Director Ronald Whyte said. “However,
we are forward-looking and believe that start with DeWAL
the step change provided by HIPPS for
the oil and gas industry will see many Seals, gaskets and diaphragms can all leak, so DeWAL
more operators going along this road.” Industries has developed a broad range of durable,
bondable PTFE and UHMW ilm and tape compositions
How it works that create dependable seals despite abrasion, harsh
The applications for these low frictional chemicals, high temperatures or irregular surfaces.
seals are numerous, especially in those
with reciprocating movements, includ-
ing helical and slow turning service.
The seal works well with a split groove
design. To retain the seal in the groove,
each seal series operates with spe-
cially profiled groove sidewalls, loosely
embracing the seal cap.
Where it moves across mating surfaces
with dimensional variation, the inlet More than a dozen DeWAL PTFE and UHMW ilms and
chamber angles should be as small as tapes are designed speciically for gaskets, expansion
possible, not exceeding 15 degrees and joints, valve seals and diaphragms.
able to pass over holes in the counter sur-
face. The hole diameter must be smaller
than the seal contact area width and have
broken edges following the same rules as
lead-in chambers. It is preferable to divide
the hole into several smaller holes. Extra
care should be taken if the seal passes
holes at high differential fluid pressure
because the seal surface may be dam-
aged. Holes should preferably be placed
in circumferential grooves. Let DeWAL engineering
help you with your most
Summary dificult challenges.
Oil and gas industry suppliers have come
to understand that they need to push the
envelope in terms of science, technol-
Narragansett, RI 02882
ogy and engineering know-how. Material www.dewal.com • usa1@dewal.com
800-366-8356 • 001-401-789-9736
providers partner even more closely with
equipment manufacturers to meet the

Trade Shows & Events
Electrical & mechanical central

What to know about the 2017 EASA Convention
T
Image courtesy of EASA
he latest technologies in the electri- the map view attendees can click on
cal and mechanical equipment and rooms to find a list of all sessions being
services market will be on display in held there as well as their dates and
Tampa June 25-27 at the 2017 conven- times. Available for iOS (iPhone/iPad)
tion for EASA: The Electrical Apparatus and Android platforms, the app can be
Service Association Inc. found by searching for “EASA 2017” in
2017 EASA Convention
In accordance with this year’s theme, a device’s app store. A mobile website June 25–27
“Partners for Progress,” attendees can will be available with the same content. Tampa Convention Center
Tampa, Florida
strengthen partnerships with fellow EASA
members through educational sessions, Tampa tours — Optional tours of EXHIBIT HALL HOURS
networking, and sharing knowledge and Tampa are offered on Saturday, Monday Sunday, June 25, 1–4 p.m.
information about their work. and Tuesday. On Saturday attendees Monday, June 26, noon–4 p.m.
Tuesday, June 27, 9 a.m.–noon
“As I’ve said before, even though we can visit Busch Gardens or take part in
may be competitors, we all share a the Tampa City Tour—Plant Museum, easa.com/convention
common interest, and networking Ybor and Columbia Neighborhoods. On
with your fellow members helps to Monday visitors can explore the Florida
foster great ‘Partners for Progress,’” Aquarium and Dolphin Eco-Cruise or the
said James Smith, EASA Chairman of St. Petersburg Tour–Dali/Chihuly, and on & Associates will address “Partners
the Board and president of Advanced Tuesday a Bay Lunch Cruise on Yacht Connecting to Fuel Progress.”
Electric Equipment Service Inc. in La Starship II is offered. Scharenbroich, who appeared at EASA’s
Crosse, Wisconsin. 2007 event and received the highest
Here is what to watch for at the event: Education sessions — These begin on speaker ratings ever, will show how to
Saturday, June 24, and run Sunday and be effective at making meaningful con-
One-day registration — New this year, Monday mornings. Sessions include: nections professionally and personally.
attendees can sign up for one-day reg- • Using Variable-Speed Drives to In his work in industry and education,
istration if they do not plan to attend all Improve Pump System Efficiency he discovered how some of the best
four days of the event. Full registration • AC Motor Basics organizations build cultures that encour-
is still the best value, but the one-day • The Industrial Internet of Things: age people to perform at higher levels.
registration might work better with some What Does It Mean to You?
attendees’ schedules. • Requirements to Service Hazardous Dinner & entertainment — Sunday
Location Motors night’s event will feature dinner and
New Product Theater — This area in • Emerging Technologies in the Motor the EASA Award presentation. Comedic
the exhibit hall will display products and Industry juggling duo The Passing Zone will pro-
services from a group of exhibitors, and • How and Why to Avoid Using vide entertainment with their show of
20-minute sessions will include time for Counterfeit Bearings juggling, chainsaws, flaming torches,
questions and answers. • Pump Mechanical Seals knives and banter.
• Basic Drive Parameters and How
Mobile app — With this planning tool, They Affect the Motor/Drive Economic trends speaker — At lunch
attendees can peruse the convention Combination on Tuesday, Brian Beaulieu of ITR
events and lists of exhibitors and other • Induction Motor Rotor Windings Economics, will share a short- and long-
attendees, as well as create their own • Industry Research: EASA Service term industrial economic forecast and
personalized schedules of the sessions Center Trends and Future how it directly impacts guests. He will
and events to attend and exhibitors to also discuss business cycle phases and
visit. Clicking on room names or booth Kickoff lunch speaker — At Sunday’s the most important leading economic
numbers shows their locations on a kickoff event, keynote speaker Mark indicators to watch, as well as insight
map of the convention facility. From Scharenbroich of Scharenbroich on inflation, interest rates and taxes. FC

2017 Innovation Awards
Armstrong Fluid Technology

Vertical In-Line Retrofit Solution
The Design Envelope Vertical-In-Line Retrofit allows
building owners to replace an installed Armstrong
constant speed pump’s moving parts while retaining
2017 the existing pump casing, insulation and piping. The
solution provides owners of existing constant speed
Nominees pumps with the opportunity to save up to 70 percent
on energy costs by upgrading to variable speed.
The annual awards program once again received many Design Envelope solutions do not require differen-
entries that represent the fluid handling industry’s com- tial pressure sensors, wall-mounted drives or addi-
mitment to manufacturing excellence and technological tional wiring. It reuses the existing casing, so no
advances. Now in its second decade, the Flow Control need exists for a pressure test after installation. Its
Innovation Awards recognize the industry’s latest innova- energy efficiency will result in annual savings of up
tions and technology breakthroughs based on a nomina- to 70 percent. Payback on the retrofit project costs
tion and reader voting process. Now it is our readers’ are typically between two and three years.
turn to make their voices heard. Visit flowcontrolnetwork. The key is the exact match to an installed con-
com/innovationawards to choose our 2017 honorees. The stant speed pump. The motor and impeller can be
results will be featured online and in the October issue. installed in minutes and the new combination will
serve the HVAC system as before, but will use less
energy.
Bronkhorst High-Tech
EL-FLOW Prestige
EL-FLOW Prestige is the next generation of Bronkhorst mass flowmeters/controllers for
gases. Nearly all core components have been redesigned and many improvements and
innovations have been incorporated. With this new series, Bronkhorst introduced differen-
tial temperature balancing technology to ensure high accuracy and a superb sensor sta-
bility. New, power-efficient microprocessors are designed to achieve enhanced, dynamic
behavior. The new metal housing is of robust yet compact design.
EL-FLOW Prestige features an on-board gas conversion model, various fieldbus
options and customizable input/output (I/O) functions. The control performance of
EL-FLOW Prestige is factory adjusted to swiftly respond to setpoint changes, without
overshoot. The controllers are highly resistant to mechanical shocks and pressure fluc-
tuations, which may be caused by other devices consuming gas from the same source.
As an option the MFCs can be tuned for extra fast flow response or extra smooth con-
trol, depending on the requirements of the process. The dynamic behavior can also be
tuned on-site easily by adjusting the control.

Endress+Hauser
Proline 300/500
Endress+Hauser’s new generation of Proline 300/500 flowmeters, released in the
U.S. in January, combines Proline sensors with state-of-the-art technology. Proline
300/500 transmitters pair with three electromagnetic and 11 Coriolis sensors.
Proline 300/500 allows universal flow metering in all applications in the process
industry — from quantity measurement and process monitoring to custody transfer
applications. Proline also provides a view into the process, ensuring that plant opera-
tors receive a wealth of important diagnostic and process data.
The new Proline generation is based on a uniform device concept. This means time
and cost savings as well as maximum safety over the entire plant life cycle.
Some highlight innovations include optional WLAN connectivity for commissioning,
operation and diagnostics with a phone, tablet or laptop; freely configurable analog
inputs and outputs; and a wide range of digital communications options.
EXAIR Corporation
No Drip Internal Mix Deflected Flat Fan Liquid Atomizing Nozzle
External Mix Atomizing Spray Nozzles mix liquid and air outside the nozzle and allow
the air and liquid flows to be adjusted independently. The new, patented nozzles
work the same way EXAIR’s standard nozzles do, but they have the added benefit of
positively stopping liquid flow when compressed air is shut off.
When spraying any type of liquid, post-spray liquid flow can cause big problems.
Excess liquid flow wastes resources such as expensive coatings, chemicals or water.
When the compressed air supply is shut off, the no-drip nozzle positively seals off the
flow of liquid, eliminating the possibility of drips.
EXAIR’s nozzles are available in three different liquid patterns. They are for pressure
fed applications where precise liquid flow is needed. External nozzles can be used on
liquids up to 300 centipoise.
FLEXIM Americas Corporation

FLUXUS Cryo
FLEXIM Cryo is a nonintrusive ultrasonic flowmeter for measurement of cryogenic
fluids down to -190°C/-310°F, including liquefied natural gas. It provides a solution
for cases in which reliable and trouble-free cryogenic flow measurement is required.
Other cryogenic applications include flow measurement of media such as liquid
ethane, liquid air, liquid nitrogen and liquid oxygen. Independent of the pipe size,
the system’s measuring accuracy and reliability meets all monitoring, control and
strategic information system purposes.
Because it is mounted externally, no moving or vibrating parts are present, no
impulse lines are susceptible to freezing/blocking, and no internal components are
included. The meter is mounted outside the pipe, so no gaskets or potential leakage
points are present.
Fox Thermal Instruments

Fox Model FT4A
The Fox Model FT4A Thermal Mass Flowmeter was designed to be a flexible flowmeter
for oil and gas, industrial and wastewater applications. Each Model FT4A is equipped
with the second generation of direct digitally controlled sensor technology — the
new DDC sensor — that provides the platform for a revolutionary new gas selection
feature: Gas-SelectX and has a new noncantilevered design. Each FT4A is programed
to measure multiple gases available in the new expanded Gas-SelectX gas selection
menus. Three menus are included: a pure gas menu that contains 11 pure gases
from which to choose and two menus for mixing gases for different industries.
Other design considerations include: calibration validation with CAL-V; FM/FMc,
ATEX and IECEx approvals; standard USB communication port; optional RS485 mod-
bus RTU or HART communication protocols; and free FT4A view software.

Graco Inc.
Husky 1050e
The Graco Husky 1050e is an electric operated double diaphragm pump designed for
fluid transfer applications. The main driver behind the development of the 1050e was
energy savings when compared to air-operated diaphragm pumps (AODD) running on
compressed air. Large compressed air sources can be expensive to install, operate
and maintain and are inefficient sources of power when compared to equipment run-
ning off electric motors.
The 1050e can reduce the energy consumption of the pump by up to 80 percent
when compared to an AODD. The 1050e incorporates a patent-pending, air-charged
drive technology, which allows the pump to stall under pressure and virtually eliminate
pulsation on the pump outlet. It is the only electric double diaphragm pump that can
stall under pressure without the need to add additional sensors or controls. Its seal-
less diaphragm pump design allows the pump to self-prime, run dry and prevent leaks.
Hanbay Inc.
RDM-S-B00DT-1 Spring Return Dual Fail-Safe Actuator
The concept of the RDM-S-B00DT-1 valve actuator was inspired by the amendment
made to the CSA Propane Storage & Handling Code, B149.2-15, which stipulates
that all internal control valves that serve propane must remain closed except when
the dispensing system is activated. This effectively left the $16-billion Canadian
propane industry, comprised of propane producers, wholesalers, retailers, transport-
ers and manufacturers, scrambling to find new technology that adheres to the new
regulation.
Initially for propane tanks, the actuator was integrated in propane dispensers and
bobtail trucks. It is built with a CSA/UL-rated, explosion-proof enclosure, brushless
DC motor, spring return handle for manual control, and dual fail-safe features for
emergency valve shutoff. The actuator will close the valve when power is off or lost.
Take 5 Inc.
Tactical Flow Meters
The first industrial thermal mass flowmeter with Bluetooth interface allows in-situ
calibration, data-logging with email server, ModBus RTU & USB communication, 0-5
linear output and 4-20 mA outputs. Available in 1- and 2-inch National Pipe Thread
(NPT) configurations, as well as a 1-inch NPT mass flow controller in nylon, aluminum
and 316 stainless steel, the flowmeter utilizes the latest in MEMS-sensing technolo-
gies and multicore processors to afford high performance at a fraction of competing
technologies.
The flowmeter features a Bluetooth communication layer for hand-held invoking of
in-situ calibration validation with the ability to email the results to the auditor using
an Android device with Bluetooth. High-accuracy automated calibration equipment in
accordance with ISO/IEC 17025 standards eliminates common human errors.
Teledyne Hastings Instruments

Digital 300 Vue
The 300 Vue is an advanced microprocessor-based thermal mass flowmeter and/or
controller designed to provide the user with fast, accurate performance. It features an
optional color touch screen display that gives the user local control of gas flow. The
product offers flexible analog I/O signals (0-5 volts direct current [VDC], 0-10 VDC,
0-20 mA, or 4-20 mA). Digital I/O is standard via the serial port, which the user can
configure for RS232 or RS485. A USB port is another standard feature.
The instrument can be powered by one of two methods: with a bayonet power jack that
accepts 24 VDC or with the analog I/O using a nine-pin, D-style connector. The HFC-D-
302B model can be sized as low as 5 standard cubic centimeters per minute full-scale
of N2. The HFC-D-308B model can be sized to 10,000 standard liters per minute of
air. The 308 features a high-flow valve and digital feedback loop for stable flow control.

In-situ validation of multiphase

flow measurement systems
The future of high-accuracy multiphase metering depends
on addressing its limitations today.
By David Millington, NEL Field operators must
reduce costs and increase
efficiencies.
All images courtesy of NEL
F
low measurement is common environments. Real-time production for routine, high-accuracy calibration in
practice in the oil and gas indus- monitoring is one key multiphase mea- accredited laboratories. Many reasons
try and plays a critical role in surement advantage; It utilizes data for this are given, but a more important
hydrocarbon allocation and taxation. gathering for process workflows to sup- consideration is its impact from a flow
Traditionally flow is measured to dis- port production optimization. This feature measurement perspective.
tribute produced assets fairly among has raised the profile of MPFMs globally All flowmeters are subject to perfor-
proprietors, but recent advances enable with regard to their operational benefits. mance changes over time, resulting in
measurement devices to be applied to It is estimated that more than 5,000 poorer repeatability and drift from the
other important applications such as MPFMs are in use worldwide. Some of last calibration. Drift effectively means
well productivity and reservoir perfor- these meters are installed within exist- the meter is likely subject to a systematic
mance monitoring. Given the low oil ing infrastructure, accompanying the bias that progressively worsens, causing a
price predicament, the onus is on field traditional test separator or possibly loss of accuracy. Therefore, a beneficiary
operators to reduce costs and increase supporting tieback extensions, while of hydrocarbon production may be short-
efficiencies during hydrocarbon produc- some will be selected as the primary changed. Thus it is important to accu-
tion, and the use of multiphase flow- measurement points for new fields or rately characterize device performance
meters (MPFMs) is seen as a modern perhaps chosen for cost-benefit rea- using a reference system. Otherwise, how
approach to achieve this. sons when exploiting marginal fields. would its accuracy be determined?
Although exploration and production The versatility of MPFMs enables a Analogous to mass measurement, a
companies took measures to reduce diverse applicability to onshore, topside primary reference must exist for good
costs and delay any capital expenditures and subsea operations, having been calibration. In this case, it is the interna-
to remain competitive in the market in successfully utilized for production opti- tional prototype kilogram (IPK) in France,
2015 and 2016, tightened budgets and mization, allocation and fiscal measure- which is the primary reference standard
bootstrapped strategies had significant ment purposes. for the unit of mass. All mass measure-
impacts on equipment in the industry. ment devices are, in one way or another,
Conventional measurement tech- Measurement needs calibrated with respect to the IPK, reflect-
niques (test separators) generally It is not surprising that field operators ing a level of confidence and uncertainty
offer superior stability and confidence choose to have one MPFM installed to which their value is justified.
compared to MPFMs. However, these per well. However, unlike well perfor- Multiphase flowmeters are quite dif-
advantages come with the price of mance monitoring using single-phase ferent in comparison to their single-
higher costs and less flexibility to the flowmeters (operating with test separa- phase relatives, but the fact that they
complex field architectures in subsea tors), no desire exists to extract MPFMs are not calibrated with respect to a

reference standard throughout their work- no direct physical reference system is developments over the next 10 years, it
ing lives is a disadvantage that ultimately present (i.e., no test separator) for will be important to investigate the finer
results in concerns over measurement comparison, sampling may help verify details of multiphase flow measurement
confidence and accuracy over time. aspects of MPFM performance. to assess its impact on current MPFMs,
MPFMs are common in extreme condi- but such knowledge will be vital for devel-
tions, enduring high pressures, high tem- 3. Sampling oping the next generation of MPFMs.
peratures, highly corrosive contaminants Valuable samples must be representative Are complex flows encountered in
(e.g., hydrogen sulfide and carbon diox- of flowing conditions, but this can be service conditions really known? Are flow
ide), erosion (e.g., sand) and heightened difficult to achieve for certain systems. structures understood? Is the develop-
susceptibility to solid deposition (e.g., In addition, subsea sampling is costly ment of these structures’ influence on
wax and hydrates). These variables, as and labor-intensive, generally making mathematical models that provide the
well as the volumes of the primary fluids sampling less of a priority when purely for backbone of MPFM calculations known?
themselves, are subject to change over flow measurement verification purposes. If not, perhaps it is unfair to expect accu-
time and must be accounted for to retain rate MPFM performance. Understanding
measurement performance. 4. PVT correlation provides the basis of measurement stabil-
PVT models are used to relate the fluid ity, traceability and confidence.
The problem volumes at MPFM conditions to those Using live hydrocarbons during labo-
No physical technique currently exists for nearer standard conditions further ratory qualification tests before field
real-time MPFM validation. It is reason- downstream. This is a critical aspect deployment can better reflect service
able to assume the near future will bring of the MPFM validation process since conditions. However, just because it is a
an increased reliance on and higher incorrect PVT correlations can lead to live fluid test (i.e., crude oil and hydro-
performance expectation of multiphase significant uncertainties. carbon gas), does not necessarily mean
measurement systems, hence, this issue Various PVT models are often appli- it is representative of conditions.
will affect the allocation and taxation of cable to particular situations, all of It will be important to address these
hydrocarbon assets. Several aspects of which can yield different answers. Which knowledge limitations to improve design,
MPFM validation need to be addressed: one is correct? Often manufacturers will qualification, specification and in-situ
conduct lab analyses of the produced measurement performance of multiphase
1. Standards & guidelines fluids during well startup to define a flow measurement systems over their
MPFM users would look to standards to PVT correlation tailored to their specific working lives. This will involve technology
ensure correct commissioning and oper- fluid properties. However, it is common investment and research to explore the
ation. Because of the diversity of field knowledge that fluid properties are sub- impacts of flow structure and fluid prop-
infrastructure and locations, guidance ject to change over time, therefore devi- erty variations over time alongside the
from standards and best practices does ating from the initial PVT specification. lack of understanding of these variables
not yet account for in-situ performance at more extreme line conditions.
monitoring and only extends as far as 5. Heavy oil measurement The final piece of the jigsaw puzzle will
preinstallation procedures. Then, meter Heavy oil measurement is challenging in be the development of robust in-situ
system maintenance and validation is any environment and often has larg- verification techniques for MPFMs.
often governed by user preference. er errors associated with it than for Conventional recalibration is not gener-
The most commonly used standard conventional, light crude production. ally an option for most MPFMs, so in-
for multiphase flowmetering is API 20.3; Therefore, comparison with the test situ verification will be the only method
A committee recently addressed these separator and sampling are inadequate for ensuring continued accuracy. The
requirements for in-situ validation and is and MPFMs can be required to operate development of such techniques will
working toward introducing it in the next without robust verification procedures require answers to the questions posed
revision of the document. for heavy oils. above. It may also require the applica-
Generally multiphase flow measure- tion of knowledge and techniques from
2. Lack of direct validation techniques ment systems rely on two devices for other areas beyond flow metrology. FC
A transferable reference calibration (as measurement: a radiation source for
used for single-phase meters) is not phase (oil-water-gas) fraction determi-
available. The closest means of MPFM nation and a Venturi nozzle for mass David Millington is multi-
calibration is to use a test separator, flow rate determination. The perfor- phase section leader at
which is often regarded as a ques- mance of both is influenced by higher NEL. For more informa-
tionable source of reference given density and higher viscosity fluids. tion, email info@tuvnel.
the associated uncertainties and reli- com or visit tuvnel.com.
ance on accurate pressure, vol- Going forward
ume and temperature (PVT) data. If Even in the absence of major

The digital transformation

of asset monitoring
The new generation of plant personnel stands to reap
benefits from the Internet of Things.
By Todd Loudin, Flowrox
is new, advanced diagnostics help

determine normal operating parame-
Process measurements
ters. As the pump ages, these diagnos-
view: tics begin to create a picture of wear
- Displays the current and fatigue for the user. As the pump
status of the devices of
one process area, deteriorates beyond a certain deviation
building or factory of normal, warnings can be triggered to
- Devices listed include
smart pumps and smart take proactive preventive maintenance
valves as well as and eliminate or minimize undesirable
auxiliary process
measurements, e.g.
downtime and, even worse, the pump
tank medium levels, running to destruction.
process p.H. etc. A pump is just one of the many assets
in a process facility. Many assets in dif-
ferent kinds of processing plants can
15.3.2017 MALIBU USER INTERFACE 1 capture valuable digital information.
Some assets already have digital output,
Figure 1. A smart peristaltic pump loop: This 3D visual is identical to the actual process loop. but others that do not already can easily
All graphics courtesy of Flowrox be connected by adding “lick and stick”
digital outputs. These digital monitor-
A
digital transformation began undesirable downtime. If early warnings ing devices are inexpensive and can be
many years ago, and the growth are heeded, the process plant can reap added to almost any asset.
of digitalization during the com- tremendous savings in repair costs and
ing years will be staggering. It is esti- prevent lost production time. It is esti- Intelligence goes a long way
mated that by 2020 more than 50 mated that a sizeable process plant that To understand how intelligent monitoring
billion devices will be connected to the uses connected assets and intelligent can go well beyond a pump or indi-
Internet of Things (IoT). Pump manu- monitoring can improve production to vidual asset, a user can review a typical
facturers and processing plants of all the extent that it could gain as much thickener underflow application where a
types are beginning to tap into vast as one additional month of production peristaltic pump is often found. In many
amounts of data to better monitor and per year. cases, a thickener provides a thickened
control process equipment and process- Pump manufacturers can make their feed to a pressure filter.
ing facilities. products intelligent like the smart peri- The peristaltic pump is ideal for
For assets such as pumps, condition staltic pump illustrated in Figure 1. thickener underflow when compared
monitoring can unlock many early warn- This pump monitors pump vibration, to a centrifugal pump for many rea-
ing signs that an asset is in trouble. motor vibration, pump temperature, sons. First, a peristaltic pump can
These early indicators are pre-warnings motor temperature, inlet pressure, out- handle high solids content success-
of upcoming downtime. They give pro- let pressure, gear box lubrication oil fully up to 80 percent solids and
cessing plants time to perform preven- temperature, power, current, speed and beyond. Typical centrifugal pumps
tive proactive maintenance to avoid speed adjustment. When the pump can efficiently handle 35 percent

solids, but if pushed to 50 or 55
percent solids, the wear rate of thepump’s
internal components is severely impact-
Reports tool:
ed resulting in much higher mainte- - View the measured
nance costs. When stopped, the peri- data of any and all
devices and sensors
staltic pump is its own shut-off device.
connected to the
The hose is compressed, and no flow Malibu platform, with
can pass through the pump, unlike freely selectable time
period
centrifugal pumps that allow flow even - Reports from Malibu
when stopped. can be sent to users
With a thickener, the user thickens a and supervisors via
email automatically or
slurry for further processing or disposal. manually
A peristaltic pump requires no gland
seal water, and no gland seal water is
added back into the thickened process.
15.3.2017 MALIBU USER INTERFACE 1
Centrifugal pumps require clean gland
seal water that is re-induced back into Figure 2. Thickener underflow with smart peristaltic pump user interface
the thickened slurry.
Finally, a peristaltic pump is a positive water may go to the landfill, and less Platform solutions
displacement device and provides an money may be paid for shipping water All the solutions described so far in this
exact flow per revolution, so the pump and to the landfill on tonnage. article are examples of better monitoring.
is accurate and controllable simply by If the thickener is feeding to a filtra- Process control is enhanced by smart
increasing or decreasing the revolutions tion plant, significant savings can be solutions. Additional savings can be cap-
per minute. This is unlike a centrifugal reached by better controlling the thick- tured from the right solution package.
pump, which has a specific pump curve ener and pumping process as two piec- One particular customized monitoring of
and may become uncontrollable if oper- es of machinery working in unison to smart pumps and valves also includes a
ated below its curve. produce the desired output. If the thick- comprehensive maintenance package. It
Smart solutions can improve the thickener produces a less-than-optimal slurry creates a 3D virtual environment of the
ener underflow control by monitoring rate, more retention time in filtration asset or even a complete process facil-
the entire thickening process. By bet- may be required. ity and attaches all documentation such
ter controlling the thickener to produce If thermal drying is required after as user manuals, drawings, spare parts,
consistent solids percentage and density, filtration, the costs of poorly thick- repair videos and animations to each
the owner of that thickener can achieve ened slurry can be quite extreme. monitored asset.
strong savings depending on what the These costs can often be as significant From the user interface, the operator
thickener is feeding. If, for instance, the as several hundreds of thousands of can view from a smartphone, tablet
thickener only thickens for disposal, less dollars per year. or PC to instantaneously pull up all
information required to save a trou-
bled asset. The user can see service
history, previous solutions for trouble-
Flowrox Malibu Interface shooting and all safety documenta-
tion. Maintenance personnel in a typi-
cal process facility may spend four to
eight hours researching documentation
before beginning work on a troubled
asset. With a user interface like the one
described, personnel will have all the
data required to begin immediately, all
with one username and password. They
will not have to visit numerous locations
and systems in the plant, often each
with a different username and pass-
word. These new smart systems bring
Figure 3. An example of a user interface through which service history, manuals, safety documentation, speed to early warnings and prevent
drawings and spare parts for a given asset can be viewed quickly via any smartphone, tablet or PC totally disabled assets.

Conclusion
Maintenance personnel in a typical process facility With the retirement of the baby-boom
may spend four to eight hours researching documen- generation, much experience will be
tation before beginning work on a troubled asset. lost. Newer generations have grown
up with smartphones and tablets and
are part of the point-and-click genera-
tion. They want and will drive solutions
that are more visual and operate in
Device view: the point-and-click environment. Smart
- Current device
measurements and systems, smart valves and smart pumps
information are shown will drive greater productivity. Just about
individually for all any device or system can be made
Flowrox smart products
on the device view smart, and process plants of all types
pages can begin to reap the rewards of greater
connectivity, intelligence and instanta-
neous feedback on asset health. FC
Todd Loudin is president of North

American operations for Flowrox.
15.3.2017 MALIBU USER INTERFACE 1
Figure 4. User interface for pump information
Free info: Enter 203 at fcm.hotims.com Free info: Enter 212 at fcm.hotims.com

FREE Find information on the products and/or services found
PRODUCT
INFORMATION
in the pages of Flow Control.
FCM.HOTIMS.COM
AD INDEX
Free Info: Enter reader service (RS) number at fcm.hotims.com
Advertiser RS# Page# Advertiser RS# Page#
AW-Lake Company ...................................... 201 .................... IFC KROHNE Inc................................................. 208 .................... 1
Blue-White Industries ................................... 202 .................... 5 O’Keefe Controls .......................................... 209 .................... 7
Check-All Valve ............................................ 203 .................... 30 Rotork Controls Inc....................................... 210 .................... 3
Collins Instrument Co. .................................. 204 .................... 15 Singer Valve................................................. 211 .................... 17
DeWAL Industries Inc. .................................. 205 .................... 21 Spitzer and Boyes LLC.................................. 212 .................... 30
Endress+Hauser Inc..................................... 206 .................... BC WEFTEC ...................................................... 213 .................... IBC
Fluid Line Products Inc. ................................ 207 .................... 11
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This month on
FlowControlNetwork.com
FEATURED CONTENT From our Twitter feed
FlowControl_Mag
May 10, 2:10pm
In #biotech applications,
two main ultrasonic #flowmeter
varieties are generally in use. |
ow.ly/1zdu30bBRHb @PendoTec
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FlowControl_Mag
May 9, 4:05pm
Two types of #pump cavita-
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charge. | owl.li/7QGq30bxbd5
Image courtesy of Norriseal-Wellmark

@Tsurumi
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FlowControl_Mag
May 8, 9:10am
#QuizCorner: Which technol-
ogy can be used to measure level
in a tank containing #oil & water?
| owl.li/TsOl30bwU1R @waltboyes
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The optimization of wellhead gas FlowControl_Mag

May 4, 2:10pm
compression systems Repairing #bearing instead
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Reliable components help compressor manufacturer reduce system costs and save 90% in #energy & decrease
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Top articles on pump efficiency

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Reliable flow measurement.
Proline 300/500
Flow measuring technology for the future
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CAST YOUR

SOLUTIONS for FLUID MOVEMENT,

Multiphase flowmeter validation

JUNE 2017 • Vol. XXIII, No. 6

products solutions services

Image courtesy of Nidec Motor Corporation

12 Applying drives to control multiple motors

Best Practices & Applications

26 In-situ validation of multiphase flow

Flow Control (ISSN #1081-7107) is published 12 times a year

2 | June 2017 Flow Control

For sixty years our customers

pharmaceutical, and food y Protect the environment

industries around the world.

T 1 585 247 2304 E info@rotork.com W rotork.com

NIWeek. We look forward to learning over to flowcontrolnetwork.com to COLUMNIST

selection relates to the larger power DISTRICT MANAGER

EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD

4 | June 2017 Flow Control

Quiz Corner Which of the following flowmeter technologies can be

6 | June 2017 Flow Control

David W. Spitzer is a regular contributor

– Markets and Markets

Free info: Enter 209 at fcm.hotims.com

www.flowcontrolnetwork.com June 2017 | 7

How to specify voltage for better

8 | June 2017 Flow Control

www.flowcontrolnetwork.com June 2017 | 9

No-Load current -10% to -30% +10% to +30%

SOLUTIONS for FLUID MOVEMENT,

10 | June 2017 Flow Control

Jeff Farris is an electrical design engi-

Free info: Enter 207 at fcm.hotims.com

www.flowcontrolnetwork.com June 2017 | 11

12 | June 2017 Flow Control

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What a pump’s motor protection

14 | June 2017 Flow Control

Free info: Enter 204 at fcm.hotims.com

www.flowcontrolnetwork.com June 2017 | 15

Alarm/trip Possible causes Recommended action

Table 1. Pump troubleshooting causes and actions

16 | June 2017 Flow Control

www.flowcontrolnetwork.com June 2017 | 17

Closing the gap with elastomers

18 | June 2017 Flow Control

www.flowcontrolnetwork.com June 2017 | 19

New seal technology for

20 | June 2017 Flow Control

www.flowcontrolnetwork.com June 2017 | 21

Electrical & mechanical central

22 | June 2017 Flow Control

Armstrong Fluid Technology

www.flowcontrolnetwork.com June 2017 | 23

FLEXIM Americas Corporation

Fox Thermal Instruments

24 | June 2017 Flow Control

Teledyne Hastings Instruments

www.flowcontrolnetwork.com June 2017 | 25

In-situ validation of multiphase

26 | June 2017 Flow Control

www.flowcontrolnetwork.com June 2017 | 27

The digital transformation

is new, advanced diagnostics help