RESEARCH PAPER IN

ENGLISH
Perception on COVID-19 vaccines of Residents in Barangay Canlapwas,
Pagsanghan Samar

REGINSON REX B. LAPICEROS

(Researcher)

INTRODUCTION:
 Barangay Canlapwas, Pagsanghan, Samar is under the Municipality of
Pagsanghan, Samar which is one of the largest Barangay in Pagsanghan Poblacion
with 305 Households and 1139 population.

March 15, 2020 When the Municipal Mayor Hon. Edgar C. Tan declared
Pagsanghan, Samar under Enhance Community Quarantine to all barangay under
its municipality. Covid-19 pandemic is a big burden to all people in because it
affects the normal living of people and also the occupations of people. Barangay
Canlapwas has 1139 and some of them are senior citizen and adult with
comorbidities. Some people in our Barangay is hoping get the vaccine for their
safety and the safety of their family and also there are some people who is fear of
vaccines because of the risk that they can get by getting the vaccine. This research
would be a help to our residence on what is the advantage by getting the vaccine
and disadvantage of it.

This qualitative research is the data gathered in our barangay based on what
their stand if they are willing to get the vaccine for covid-19 which is intended for
everyone but in personal well they are willing get it for their safety and their
families safety.

LITERATURE REVIEW
CoronaVac
CoronaVac, also known as the Sinovac Covid 19 vaccine is an inactivated virus
Covid 19 vaccine developed by the Chinese company Sinovac Biotech. The priority
is to start vaccinating health workers at high risk of exposure, followed by older
adults, before immunizing the rest of the population. 

Who should be vaccinated first?

While Covid 19 vaccine supplies are limited, health workers at high risk of exposure
and older people should be prioritized for vaccination. Countries can refer to the
WHO Prioritization Roadmap and the WHO Values Framework as guidance for
their prioritization of target groups. The vaccine is not recommended for persons
younger than 18 years of age, pending the results of further studied in that age
group.

Who else can take the vaccine?

The vaccine has been found to be safe and effective in people with various
conditions that are associated with increased risk of severe disease.
This includes hypertension, diabetes, asthma, pulmonary, liver or kidney disease, as
well as chronic infections that are stable and controlled.
Further studies are required for the impacts on immune-compromised persons.
The interim recommendation is that immune-compromised persons who are part
of a group recommended for vaccination may be vaccinated, though when possible,
not before receiving information and counselling.
Vaccination can be offered to people who have had COVID-19 in the past. But
given the limited vaccine supply, individuals may wish to defer their own COVID-
19 vaccination for up to 6 months from the time of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
The vaccine has not been studied in lactating women, but it is not a live virus
vaccine, the mRNA does not enter the nucleus of the cell and is degraded quickly,
so it cannot interfere with cell functions.
If a lactating woman is part of a group (e.g. health worker) recommended for
vaccination, vaccination can be offered. SAGE does not recommend discontinuing
breastfeeding after vaccination. More evidence is being sought in order to further
inform WHO’s policy recommendations on this subject.

Should pregnant women be vaccinated?

While pregnancy puts women at higher risk of severe COVID-19, very little data
are available to assess vaccine safety in pregnancy.
Pregnant women may receive the vaccine if the benefit of vaccinating a pregnant
woman outweighs the potential vaccine risks.
For this reason, pregnant women at high risk of exposure to SARS-CoV-2 (e.g.
health workers) or who have comorbidities which add to their risk of severe
disease, may be vaccinated in consultation with their health care provider.
Who is the vaccine not recommended for?
Individuals with a history of anaphylaxis to any component of the vaccine should
not take it. Persons with acute PCR-confirmed Covid-19 should not be vaccinated
until after they have recovered from acute illness and the criteria for ending
isolation have been met.

What is the recommended dosage?

SAGE recommends the use of Sinova-CoronaVac vaccine as 2 doses (0.5ml) given
intramuscularly. Who recommends an interval of 2-4 weeks between the first and
second dose. It is recommended that all vaccinated inidividuals receive two doses.

How does this vaccine compare to ther vaccines already in use?

We cannot compare the vaccines head to head due to the different approaches
taken in designing the respective studies, but overall, all of the vaccines that have
achieve WHO Emergency Use Listing are highly effective in preventing severe
disease and hospitalization due to Covid 19.

Is it safe?
SAGE has thoroughly assessed the data on quality, safety and efficacy of the
vaccine and has recommended its use for people aged 18 and above.
Safety data is currently limited for persons above 60 years of age (due to the
small number of participants in clinical trials).

How efficacious is the vaccine?

A large phase 3 trial in Brazil showed had two doses, administered at an interval
of 14 days, had an efficacy of 51% against symptomatic SARS-Cov-2 infection,
100% against severe COVID-19, and 100% against hospitalization starting 14
days after receiving the second dose.

AstraZeneca Vaccine
Who should be vaccinated first?
While vaccine supplies are limited, it is recommended that priority be given to
health workers at high risk of exposure and older people, including those aged 65
or older.
Countries can refer to the WHO Prioritization Roadmap and the WHO Values
Framework as guidance for their prioritization of target groups.

Who else can take the vaccine?

Vaccination is recommended for persons with comorbidities that have been
identified as increasing the risk of severe COVID-19, including obesity,
cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease and diabetes. 
Although further studies are required for persons living with HIV or auto-immune
conditions or who are immunocompromised, people in this category who are part
of a group recommended for vaccination may be vaccinated after receiving
information and counselling. 
Vaccination can be offered to people who have had COVID-19 in the past. But
individuals may wish to defer their own COVID-19 vaccination for up to six
months from the time of SARS-CoV-2 infection, to allow others who may need
the vaccine more urgently to go first.
Vaccination can be offered to breastfeeding women if they are part of a group
prioritized for vaccination. WHO does not recommend discontinuation of
breastfeeding after vaccination. 

Should pregnant women be vaccinated?

While pregnancy puts women at higher risk of severe COVID-19, very little data
are available to assess vaccine safety in pregnancy. 
Pregnant women may receive the vaccine if the benefit of vaccinating a pregnant
woman outweighs the potential vaccine risks. 
For this reason, pregnant women at high risk of exposure to SARS-CoV-2 (e.g.
health workers) or who have comorbidities which add to their risk of severe
disease, may be vaccinated in consultation with their health care provider.

Who is the vaccine not recommended for?

People with a history of severe allergic reaction to any component of the vaccine
should not take it.
The vaccine is not recommended for persons younger than 18 years of age pending
the results of further studies.
What’s the recommended dosage?
The recommended dosage is two doses given intramuscularly (0.5ml each) with an
interval of 8 to 12 weeks. 
Additional research is needed to understand longer-term potential protection
after a single dose.  

Is it safe?
Two versions of the vaccine – produced by AstraZeneca-SKBio (Republic of Korea)
and the Serum Institute of India – have been listed for emergency use by WHO.
When the vaccine underwent SAGE consideration, it had undergone review by the
European Medicines Agency (EMA).
The EMA has thoroughly assessed the data on the quality, safety and efficacy of
the vaccine and has recommended granting a conditional marketing authorization
for people aged 18 and above. 
The Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety, a group of experts that
provides independent and authoritative guidance to the WHO on the topic of safe
vaccine use, receives and assesses reports of suspected safety events of potentially
international impact. 

How efficacious is the vaccine?

The AZD1222 vaccine against COVID-19 has an efficacy of 63.09% against
symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Longer dose intervals within the 8 to 12 weeks’ range are associated with greater
vaccine efficacy.

Does it work against new variants?

SAGE has reviewed all available data on the performance of the vaccine in the
settings of variants of concern. SAGE currently recommends the use of AZD1222
vaccine according to the WHO Prioritization Roadmap, even if virus variants are
present in a country. Countries should assess the risks and benefits taking into
consideration their epidemiological situation.
Preliminary findings highlight the urgent need for a coordinated approach for
surveillance and evaluation of variants and their potential impact on vaccine
effectiveness. As new data become available, WHO will update recommendations
accordingly. 

Does it prevent infection and transmission?

No substantive data are available related to impact of AZD1222 on transmission
or viral shedding.
In the meantime, we must maintain and strengthen public health measures that
work: masking, physical distancing, handwashing, respiratory and cough hygiene,
avoiding crowds, and ensuring good ventilation.

Research Methodology
This chapter presents the methods and procedures that were used in the conduct
of the study. it includes the research design, time and locale of the study, and
subject of the study.
Research design
This study with a descriptive qualitative research. According to Berg (1989),
descriptive qualitative research refers to the meaning, concept, definition,
language, features, metaphors, symbols and the descriptions of things. A
descriptive research is intended to collect information on social phenomena.
In conducting these qualitative research, we gathered information by interviewing
the people in our barangay if what is their perceptions or opinions regarding the
vaccines available in the Philippines. We gather word by collecting by the primary
data itself. Interview is the approach we use in collecting data because we need
their personal opinion and perception in this research for us to have a realistic and
valid result. We ask our recipient in respectful and in vernacular language for them
to understand all the questions given to them so they can express their opinions
comprehensively and clearly.
These are the questions we ask to those selective people we sampling method on
this.
Do you have plan to have the vaccine? Why or why not?
Are you aware of the possible causes or effect of the vaccine you may get?
If you are going to choose, what vaccine are you going to get? Why?
What is your reason of getting the vaccine? If only you are willing to get it?
Your perception about the vaccine available in our barangay.
We conduct the interview with the selective people in our barangay most special
those who are vulnerable one.
These are the person we interview for our Research Paper:

Verginia Procianos – 61 – March 25, 1960

No, because I’m old and I’m scared of it. I am contented of my life and I will just
give the vaccine to those young and I am always at home so I am not at risk.
Yes, that is why I’m scared to get it.
No, I just don’t want to get the vaccine.
It is for the safety of everyone specially those who are at high risk and young ones.

Judy Ann Coo – 22 – January 27, 1999

Yes, if I have the chance for the safety of everyone specially my family.
Yes, but I am willing to take risk and Food and Drug Administration or FDA won’t
have approved it if it can cause bad in the health of everyone.
Anything that is available and free.
For the safety of everyone and my family’s safety and my welfare also.
I am going to accept what is available in our barangay.

Jocelyn Palec – 39 – March 5, 1982

1. Do you have plan to have the vaccine? Why or why not? - in some reason I
really want to be vaccinated to fulfill the requirements for educational agencies or
in travel reasons
2. Are you aware of the possible causes or effect of the vaccine you may get? -
Yes I am aware of it
3. If you are going to choose, what vaccine are you going to get? Why? - For now
I’d rather choose the vaccine from Russia (Sputnik) cause in some particular
organization details, it has a less possibility of side effect (unclarified statement)
4. What is your reason of getting the vaccine? If only you are willing to get it? - it
is one of the requirements to travel
5. Your perception about the vaccine available in our barangay. - fully detailed,
accurate dosage and DOH certified signe
Results
As a result of our research we can now that the COVID-19 vaccine is not approve
to all Filipino people for the reason that they are afraid to risk the health and
some of them who is not willing to get the vaccine had an health issue. Moreover,
there are people who are willing to get the vaccine because of their safety as well
as their family’s safety.
Taking the vaccine would be risky but we should always take into consideration
your safety and the safety of people around you.

Conclusion
After the research we conduct most of the people in our barangay didn’t agree or
didn’t want to get the vaccine for the reason that they are afraid of their safety
and the thing that might happen if they get the vaccine this means that some
people are hesitant of the vaccine and the effectivity of the vaccine.

There are hundreds of coronaviruses, the majority of which are found in animals.
Only seven of these viruses infect humans, and four of them cause common cold
symptoms. However, a coronavirus has jumped from animals to humans three
times in the last 20 years, causing severe disease.

SARS, a beta coronavirus, first appeared in 2002 and was largely contained by
aggressive public health measures. Since 2004, there have been no new cases.
MERS first appeared in camels in 2012, and it can infect humans who come into
contact with them.
COVID-19, a new and potentially fatal respiratory illness that is thought to have
originated in a live animal market in China, has spread rapidly throughout the
country.

REFERENCE PAGE
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/how-does-the-sputnik-v-covid-19-
vaccine-work
https://www.who.int/news-room/feature-stories/detail/the-sinovac-covid-19-
vaccine-what-you-need-to-know
https://www.who.int/news-room/feature-stories/detail/the-oxford-astrazeneca-
covid-19-vaccine-what-you-need-to-know
https://www.healthline.com/health/vaccinations/pfizer-vaccine-efficacy#Efficacy-
against-variants