Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as Per Companies Act, 2013

Definition of CSR as per the act

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) can be defined as a Company’s sense of responsibility towards
the community and environment (both ecological and social) in which it operates. Companies can
fulfil this responsibility through waste and pollution reduction processes, by contributing educational
and social programs, by being environmentally friendly and by undertaking activities of similar
nature. CSR is not charity or mere donations. CSR is a way of conducting business, by which
corporate entities visibly contribute to the social good. Socially responsible companies do not limit
themselves to using resources to engage in activities that increase only their profits. They use CSR to
integrate economic, environmental and social objectives with the company’s operations and growth.
CSR is said to increase reputation of a company’s brand among its customers and society.

What all do you need to check while partnering with NGOs and Implementing agencies

1) Find the ‘cause’ your company is going to support and then choose

2) Look for an alignment of mission, vision and values

3) Long term thinking

4) Clearly define roles and responsibilities

5) Trust

What all must a company do under the law once it qualifies for CSR?

Every Company on which CSR is applicable is required to constitute a CSR Committee of the Board

What do not come under CSR?

The CSR projects or programs or activities that benefit only the employees of the company and their
families shall not be considered as CSR activities in accordance with section 135 of the Act. • One-off
events such as marathons/ awards/ charitable contribution/ advertisement/sponsorships of TV
programmes etc. would not be qualified as part of CSR expenditure.

• Expenses incurred by companies for the fulfillment of any Act/ Statute of regulations (such as
Labour Laws, Land Acquisition Act etc.) would not count as CSR expenditure under the Companies
Act.

• Contribution of any amount directly or indirectly to any political party shall not be considered as a
CSR activity.

• Activities undertaken by the company in pursuance of its normal course of business.

What is the criteria for a company to have CSR activities?

The Companies Act, 2013, a successor to The Companies Act, 1956, made CSR a compulsory act.
Under the notification dated 27.2.2014, under Section 135 of the new act, CSR is compulsory for all
companies- government or private or otherwise, provided they meet any one or more of the
following fiscal criterions[9]:

• The net worth of the company should be Rupees 500 crores or more

• The annual turnover of the company should be Rupees 1000 crores or more

• Annual net profits of the company should be at least Rupees 5 crores.

If the company meets any one of the three fiscal conditions as stated above, they are required to
create a committee to enforce its CSR mandate, with at least 3 directors, one of whom should be an
independent director.

Functions of CSR Committee

 Formulation and recommend to the Board, a Corporate Social Responsibility Policy which
shall indicate the projects/activities to be undertaken by the Company in areas or subject, as
specified in Schedule VII.
 Reviewing with the CSR management, the quarterly financial statements before submission
to the Board for approval.
 Recommend the amount of expenditure to be incurred on CSR projects/activities
undertaken.
 To constitute Management Committee for implementation and execution of CSR initiatives/
activities.
 Shall institute a transparent monitoring mechanism for implementation of CSR
projects/activities undertaken by the company.
 Reviewing performance of the Company in the areas of CSR.
 Submit an annual report of CSR projects/activities to the board.
 Monitoring CSR Policy from time to time.

Role of the Board in CSR

The role of the Board in Corporate Social Responsibility is:

 Approve the CSR Policy of the company after considering the recommendations given by the
committee;
 To disclose the contents of such a policy in its report and to place it on the company’s
website, if prescribed;
  To ensure that the company spends, in every financial year, at least 2% of the average net
profits made during the three immediately preceding financial years, in pursuance, of its CSR
Policy;
 The Board shall specify in its report the reasons for not spending the amount if the company
fails to spend such amount.

Government Actions and their Impact on CSR

Governments employ various methods through which to foster better CSR practices within the
private sphere, many of which reflect non-intrusive, soft-law approaches. Most crucially, the
government is in a position to raise awareness and build capacities for CSR among companies and
stakeholders – an important role due to the largely voluntary nature of CSR. The more people are
aware of the social challenges facing businesses, the more likely that attention will be focused on
developing solutions to tackle these issues.

Government provides vital information to the private sectors through initiatives that include
websites that inform companies of CSR and its role in business and society. Reports on CSR, as well
as government-sponsored guidelines, aid businesses in addressing individual concerns that may be
prevalent within their industry and practices

CHALLENGES OF CSR

1.Lack of Community Participation in CSR Activities:

There is a lack of interest of the local community in participating and contributing to CSR activities of
companies. This is largely attributable to the fact that there exists little or no knowledge about. CSR
within the local communities as no serious efforts have been made to spread awareness about CSR
and instill confidence in the local communities about such initiatives. The Vol-2 Issue-6 2016 IJARIIE-
ISSN (O)-2395-4396 6294 www.ijariie.com 1784 situation is further aggravated by a lack of
communication between the company and the community at the grassroots.

2. Need to Build Local Capacities:

There is a need for capacity building of the local nongovernmental organizations as there is serious
dearth of trained and efficient organizations that can effectively contribute to the ongoing CSR
activities initiated by companies. This seriously compromises scaling up of CSR initiatives and
subsequently limits the scope of such activities.

3. Issues of Transparency

: Lack of transparency is one of the key issues brought forth by the survey. There is an expression by
the companies that there exists lack of transparency on the part of the local implementing agencies
as they do not make adequate efforts to disclose information on their programs, audit issues, impact
assessment and utilization of funds. This reported lack of transparency negatively impacts the
process of trust building between companies and local communities, which is a key to the success of
any CSR initiative at the local level.

4. Non-availability of Well Organized Non-governmental Organizations:

It is also reported that there is non availability of well organized nongovernmental organizations in
remote and rural areas that can assess and identify real needs of the community and work along
with companies to ensure successful implementation of CSR activities. This also builds the case for
investing in local communities by way of building their capacities to undertake development projects
at local levels.

5. Visibility Factor

: The role of media in highlighting good cases of successful CSR initiatives is welcomed as it spreads
good stories and sensitizes the local population about various ongoing CSR initiatives of companies.
This apparent influence of gaining visibility and branding exercise often leads many
nongovernmental organizations to involve themselves in event-based programs; in the process, they
often miss out on meaningful grassroots interventions.

6. Narrow Perception towards CSR Initiatives

: Non-governmental organizations and Government agencies usually possess a narrow outlook

towards the CSR initiatives of companies, often defining CSR initiatives more donor-driven than local
in approach. As a result, they find it hard to decide whether they should participate in such activities
at all in medium and long run.

7. Non-availability of Clear CSR Guidelines

: There are no clear cut statutory guidelines or policy directives to• give a definitive direction to CSR
initiatives of companies. It is found that the scale of CSR initiatives of companies should depend
upon their business size and profile. In other words, the bigger the company, the bigger is its CSR
program

What is csr report?

A sustainability report is a report published by a company or organization about the economic,

environmental and social impacts caused by its everyday activities. A sustainability report also
presents the organization’s values and governance model, and demonstrates the link between its
strategy and its commitment to a sustainable global economy.

Section-8

A company is referred to as Section 8 Company when it registered as a Non-Profit Organization

(NPO) i.e. when it has motive of promoting arts, commerce, education, charity, protection of
environment, sports, science, research, social welfare, religion and intends to use its profits (if any)
or other income.
What tax benefits can be availed under CSR?

No specific tax exemptions have been extended to CSR expenditure per se. Finance Act, 2014 also
clarifies that expenditure on CSR does not form part of business expenditure. While no specific tax
exemption has been extended to expenditure incurred on CSR, spending on several activities like
contributions to Prime Minister’s Relief Fund, scientific research, rural development projects, skill
development projects, agricultural extension projects, etc., which find place in Schedule VII, already
enjoy exemptions under different sections of the Income Tax Act, 1961.