esteel aly = LECTURE NOTES & IDEASGene ign b eneral steps for design of Cams (TPE or HED| {—Caloulate the loads & straining actions for the bear - Load. Qu ea, r= Loads B.M.D. S.FD. Wy 2-Choice of section wep Guba GB al aca rcabe Fy J! ol a ab tbs oe 8 - Compact assume F, =0.64F, <> For si37 F, = 1.536 t/em? ra.tor. ermal et My+100 My +100 3 S, =oeSe = 82 =v Cm By typo 1.536 From Tabl Erom Tables. choose I.P.E no. v7 3-Checks a—Check loeal buckling (Compactness) Rolled Sections Welded Sections For Flange For Flange ~« 16.9 C t < 15.3 Com t ef a ‘oTmpac ca... ttl - => Non-Compact ttl te <> Non—Compact uv uv For Web For Web 127 127 <= Com it ae <> Compact wf moo dy \ * Fe tw l < tw 190 = 199 => Non—Compact < Non-C t re on—Comp' Ved! JSD i # Caloulate Lemay => 2s) be pal ty 17 138045 , oy ca Fy Lu(max) = jbo aa ie 20+b7 ty Where Fy # Af = batty #d=—h =height of seetion # Cy — Coefficient depends on the type of load and and support. CODE Page 20:9 dese oe = 2 erp |Lucact) < Lu(max) 0.64 x ies Compact Section Fyg= | 0.58 F, ie Non—Compact Section —____, at |Lu(act) > Lu(mex)| —— Foe = Fu Pr cae ea ctx ff Zz 3 (Pi = (Fry) + (Fre) < 0.58 F, - CODE Page 18 TASSll ge eecs3a—Check Bending Stresses Fon orton gl dass! foe ee ” Meet00 _ : Se tet v them # Pye Fo(act.) = cole ued (3 5:57 glad js byl! I GES pte ae 3b—Cheek Shear Stresses @ (act) = ss = vv t/em’ $ Van. = 0.35 F, dedi Check J) (ia ages 5 ST ple bas bad jaa GES pus UL 8 path vill » (L33 wed J! plied yi Gal Shear stress JI ¢g333 ol 52 Shear JI gi Lenya US la bid G9 Flange JI gle IL | aces ¥ GIL » Structural Analysis J| sole ‘ Shear J\ Loglie e3 Flange Ik ple snacr stron dietiniton 230-Check Deflection el 1, Bale gh feb US Uledl ge 2S gisbel| deflection J) mes hi Live Load J) tat 69% 9 Agate +2 3 Structural Analysis JI plabsel cum cine, ll) 5 25S) od 4 Tome deflectionJL +3)\b » Aan ees Bl ysl Aol) SLI y5 Span 300 Avact - Awe . Bale Lbsale TPE 600 USzJ) geSar Ji Gol IiChoice of section Jee tte HEB Jyie oO jGGeneral steps for design of beams) = apn] ee LP. i-Calculate the loads & straining actions for the beam . Load gy foun, For st.37 F, =1.40 t fom? mton, oTmtoryt dese gy, = Mes100 _ Mre190 cm? fy Espace 7,40 : Sen ft From Tables. choose U.P.N no. v~ t 3— Checks dul |” cao - a—Check local buckling (Compactness) Rolled Sections Welded Sections For Flange For Flange 7 < & => Non—Compact = < ze => Non-Compact For Web For Web dw ¢ 190 dw 190 " < 122 = Non-Compact | —~ < <= Non-Compact tw Fy tw WFy "b—Check lateral torsional buckling by # Calculate Lacey > faa!) JSS oe t $ Catoulate Lu tmar)S=> 23S) Ge a\ |t 13800Ay Fypd & Lu(max) = gaol dab 20-bs Where Es & Af = dzaty # d=h =height of section & Cy > Coefficient depends on the type of load and and support. CODE Page 20)2:Sb Jez & seo # iy Du (act) < Lu(max) Py= 0.58 F, => non-compact Section 1 [Lu(act) > Lutmaz)| —= > Foe = Fin3a—Check Bending Stresses jeter Ma+100 Fo(act)= Se =v tfem? $ Frye lI) ares pS oT pULS pbs b All Nhe gies pus UL 3b-—Cheek Shear Stresses F (act) = — =v tem? $ Qu = 0.35 F, Eds Check J) lie syed 3 ST pUad jt53 Lot! Noe GOS poe Ue 3C-—Check Deflection Babe gpd Jo LS Ube! G+ FSU yas! deflection NN sos . Lid Live Load 228 gs 9 ace eee 9 Structural Analysis JI plasseol qa be ill y 25S ud 42 Zyenell deflection Jk 43,18 3 » Aan ees Fl Lea Role) Sha) yd Spar soo, &/ General steps for design of beams (pax Section] Square Rectangular Box section Box section {-Caleulate the loads & straining actions for the beam - Load Qu ——— Loads B.M.D. S.FD. @y 2—Choice of section 0.64 F, cts F, oo} pasa spbedl obs assume F, = 0,64F, => For 687 F, = 1.40 t fer? m.ton em. tong! Joyal) g i My «100 Mz+100 5 = = —— = CG SE amt 1.40 ue Grom Tables. croose U.P.N no. v~ HI 3—Checks To find F, a—Check locat buckling (Compactness) Rolled Sections Welded Sections For Flange For Flange a earn Btw C 58 c Be. oF “ES Compact a <> Compact For Wed For Web aera ats rn 282 aw ¢ 127 —, compact dw ¢ 127 —» Compact tw ¥ tw ~~ VFy ab-Check lateral torsional buckling # Caloulate Ly agyy > haw! JSD # Caloulate Ly pnagy > SSI Oe (137+ att )e = Inu (max) = shot) Gb CODE P.16| 84+ bs Where ny # Af = bysty #d=h =height of section # My => member J) goles yto! Ge pad) Moment J) 13 2 Me > member J) QL gael we > S27) MomentJ) U3 +¥e JI gx Clockwise JI 435; Moment J SLY Ak » For example é 10 oO 10 oO 6 \y “8 Ba eA ae M0 i me to) Mz 70 aire ¢ |Lu(act) < Lu (maz) 0.64 F, a» Compact Section Byo= 0.58 BF i. Non—Compact Sectionip \Lu(act) > Lu(max)| <=> Foc = Fin CODE Page 18 Sg Ge Gad 3a—Check Bending Stresses Feetone. orra toreeg!t Jessi! Mzx100 Fo(act.) = oS = ¥ tfom® $ Fy 3b-—Check Shear Stresses @ (act) = ew wtf? $ Tay = 0.35 F, N *€~Check Deflection Bole gh fob LS UL! G+ 5MU gio! deflection J cases | Lid Live Load J) 2228 65% 5 Lvact ee2 » Structural Analysis J! Wabtsd Gone BRS ll 5 as Gs & eoeeel deflection JL 23,15 3 » Aan ees Dc gly ole 1S) od r Span Avcct - Aan Zi @Find a suitable section for the shown secondary beam knowing that it braced at ends only. and its loads are? Wop. 1.25 that foo, Wry, = 1.0t\ne 6.0 m—" Use box section main bean i- Straining Actions 2.26 t\nt Wrotat = Woy t Wp ~ 2.25 tr & Moir) L’_ 2.2565" a Mg-- = poet ——6.0 m—* L _ 2.2645 aa Qg=--= = = 5.625 eam 5.625 t2- Choice of section assume Fyo= 0.64 Fy = 1.536 t\cm? My _ 7.082100 _ yeu 6g Cm? 1.536 1.536 ° Tables == 5S Use [Rectangular box section 250+150+10 3-— Checks Sy= 8a—Compactness (Local buckling) H =25.0em dsl ty=1.0 em by = 15 om t,=1.0 em r=t= 1.0em (bp-2tw-2r) (15 —2e1.0-221.0) _ ,, 2G, — NE ty ty 7 os £ =41 < 32 = 37.4 ==> Compact Flange iF ‘y (H-2ty-2r) (25 ~201.0-2+1.0) (SEE ee eee fe t we uy > The section is compact hw a4 c WL = 82 ==> Compact Web t Teb—-Lateral Torsional Buckling Mtg Logg, = 500 om (braced at ends only) 84415 S4abe _ 84x ira cm Ly “| Hy . peill ob (137+ at Ho BE = (137+ 34-0) p= 856em Lomax. = 813 Lge = 500 om < Litman = 819 om ==> NO LTB Pye = 0.64 Fy, = 1.636 t\em? Ms Me ——— By LS 5 Bly GF pode! Tet ot Spall) Ayla gf Gla gd pgho dege¥ OF Vel ate G5 3a—Check bending stresses M, Fact. Sage = Tage i00 = 1.40 t\em? < Fy = 1.536 * \ dalaall ge (Safe) 3b-—Check Shear stresses a 9 5.625 q =—5:625__ 9.41 t\em? oct. Ay, Behety 2 2501 \ < 0.35 Fy = 0.84 (Safe)3C—Check deflection gue to tive load only com wersS t t\om fe eae Dut * 394 * Bie / DES , (1\100). (600)" = 0.620m < Spare “3e4 * 2100+ 6259 300 emt =< 500 _ 4 670m igi 300For the shown beam, it is required to get the marimum load which which can be resisted by the bearn, if ite section is IPE 800. Then find the maximum. allowable live load. if the distributed dead load is 1 t\m The beam. is laterally braced at its ends only. w t\nt ssa, $5.0 m—! abess 2c) gobs ll Ja! slag! Goll! 5 Gaver 3S)! pled Lo bending stresses J| 33 ¥ gin Abed By) pale. lll eo) ees UU s «dae eel ats 4 Deflection JI, Shear Stresses J] ASS , Allowable JI be Straining Actions w t\r 2 —§.0 m—' we _ 3.126w mt we 5 My go en oy BMD. S.F.D. 4 Dimensions of Section - —— aa 7 L@ 24.8em dsl bem tty .7iem 15 em =1.07cm ty [hw r=1.50m1) Load from bending stresses Lateral Torsional Buckling gummy 01.18 =500 cm (braced at ends only) Ly i =p 2be = 20815 _ 393.6 em eee j pa Re pio) als 1880he oy = SLs 1035 = adem Umax, = 193.6 em| = 193.6 em ——D> LTB Occurs Luge, = 500 em > Lixie Fy = Fy = J (For) + (Fos) < 0.58 Fy, 800+Ay 800 + (1541.07) x Fas = Tar © = 500030 21.13 = 0.967 oh < 0.58 Fy= Comp. L ya; T-Seetion Ur, J) gh ol gles Fagg J) ple 3 jw =30- 21.07 = 27.860m 9 BNW IRT é x 300m Ar ys eee = 19.340m® = »—15——+ Ty =1.07+45_ = a01oms mee lag Spake 69% Lot wed Lnertia It ams 4.64 = 80T oe _ ey olay, 3.94em = 0.26 by a7G Fvact _ 500 _ 126.9 a [2 as [EP aor Yr 3194 ty 5 AIS (uf tr)? hu f ireiorcy = (0.04 (126.9)%, 2.4 |w=2.28t\m om2) Load from shear stresses = 2 ‘y= 0.84 t\cm => [w=7.716t\m 3) Load from defteotion: ice: dies tee Ri HR a 5 WrreS t\em om wh $84. Exly f beh 5, (w\100)+ (500 ‘ “384° oor a 2 = Span — 1.070 00» 836 300 t\ent i emt > fw =3.60t\m => => [w=2.28t\m + AB Lull pall Ge dem del ab aloes Fo) pubis yo ao ST ole » wrEp=w-wpy= 2.28-1=1.28t\m > fw =7.28 t\mBLOCK SHBAR RUPTURE For the connection between main beam and Secondary beam of Saal 423 main deamJ) Ii Secondary beam JI Reaction JUas! Ia - GIULS Block shear rupture Gay Secondary Beam ‘Tension Area (a)Shear Area 2 oe 1 (Tension Area Wz es t e ts $ : ie =f KC Le 7, & Arension Gy ise \_b ie Lt =, Ashear # Allowable shear strength (q,) = 0.4Fy # Allowable tensile strength (F,, ) = 0.725 Fy [ = 0.4Fy Anct sheart 0.725 FyAnet Tension (2)here P => be ggill lhe Sate Gow Lebes angle I OS Foree »ST . Failure J) —Anet =[L—(n-0.5) (040.2 )] x tnn Shear Where is =e+(n-1)eP nN —> Number of bolts Emin => minimum of toedsec. team 07 © byraming angle oY framing angles ,Jweb of sec. beam) jbo%h claw! aats web of see. beam MU casy gf {Ses Block shear failure JI . framing angies Uf

5 Gil Jase gill Reaction J age 9See. Dear I gle 38h) 3p) be ST Check P> R sec. team -main beam}Example For the connection of a secondary beam with 2 main beam, tt is required to check block shear rupture. ordinary bolts M16 grade 4.60. AIL 8028008 | IPE 600 A-2e IL 80080+8* meet = « L=86.30m +t min oC bee = tangtea = Ant =[L—-(n—-0.5 )($ + 0.2 )] x tuer Shear =[ 36.3-(3-05 )(1.6+0.2 )]s 1.2 =38.16 om? + Ane =[m— 0.5%(0 + 0.2 )] 5 twee Tension = [ 3.60 -0.5 6 (1-64 0.2 )J, 1.2 =3.24 em? + P = 0.A4Fy Anct sneart 0.725 FyAnct tension = 044 2.44 38.16 40.725 42.44 3.24= 40.35 ton + Check <> P = 40.85 ton >Re. team = 18.63ton == Safe = No B.S.R failureeon ers pb sees Ye Rad gb Og ote ob JS SIKU Co I pad clad - afLud) 5 Supports JI 5 Loads J! JS% le Co 4 sage te Eads os8ll ob Boge gall JISSI Ge Sod Bye Bolo Ue gh Cp) Glad op Use M 1 2 + 0.30(-——)” < 2.30 Mz a Code page 19 Mi Cp = 1.75 + 1.05 My CD member J) gels yas! ste bod! Moment J! U3 # Me > member J) gils yas! ue 253) Moment I) U5 +Ve J| pa Clockwise JI 4552 Moment JI S| lay dnl » For example gb Moment J ps5 2 ST hattall 5 Moment U Ug 2525 Ul 2 9 jo Co= 7 Ji tad a La! » Ll! ae 12 Co= 1 Jolasd gb dagegel JIE ay GP JSS ce he bea) ws more conservative (355 Udy y pbs! Ls Ht Ags a5 of Zpaled! 4 053 3 JS) Aad S558 Jolt ayese wt 5p SI JSS gS GI Gs)Luaet, J} weee3 Leola) Sl JS gob WLsd Leth ory UL of See. 1 Luact, = 9 “. Compression flange Sect ec.2 Seo.d (Compression flange _ Compression flange Luaet.= 2-0Le Compression flange (24) ey (Compression flange _ MTriget, JI teae3 JoLayd Abb dery pas UL ob Seed el “5 [tact = 0) ~~. compression flange _ Compression flange Luact. = 0. 2L M fompression flange (a) Sec. f| | Fenot = OBE ees \ Compression flange Tract = 2-56 MExample Caleulate the unsupported length for bean (B). and then sketch how you can deerease that length to half of the valuc. Then it is required to cheek safety for this beam by HEB 240, The spacing between trusses is 6m t If the section is unsafe, try to ‘put bracing to make it safe. 3 t\m Litggs, = 600 em (braved at ends onty) Lower horizontal bracing ViLel ps5 Unsupported length J\ Jt upper. flanged) gs 4353 Simple BySIl gf cue 5 Comp. flange Jt thee! __ Lower ha. bracing Jia 3 Upper hz. bracing J! ge Longitudinal bracing Al..ly PLAN for lower horizontal bracing1- Straining actions 3 tn S? 43.5 mt Ao, SS 6.0 m—* le | 13.5 mt wS -9t ot BMD. 2 > S.F.D. ot 2- Choice of section HEB240 ats od BySI) pled 3- Checks REA 28 ws a—Compactness (Local buckling) hy =16.4em — dgloe ty ,=1-0 em by, =24 em t, =1.700m r=2.fom Alby tw —27)_ $24 A 1.0 20? Anis i ty ~ 170 i pos — = 5.53 < 18:2 = 10.9 ==> Compact Flange tf uv hw = 164 =f6#2 ie = 82 ——> Compact Web bw : y “. The section is compact!b-Lateral Torsional Buckling = poo, ¢,=1.13 Luger, = 300 om _ 20 by _ 20¥24 _ Eerie { lf, 4a# gOS) ie 13804y, _ GF, Cy = 1104 cm Lyman, = 309 em Lane 800 erm < Liye, = 309 om ==> NO LTB F, = 0.64 F, = 1.636 t\em* 3a—Check bending stresses M, Tee ee 1,44 t\em? SPS 384 2100% 11260 300 ! \ end 600 t\ent) vem > ——= 2.0 t lent a eo om (Unsafe)laSe ¥ tol dun Span J} Ll Wil cles gel Deflection JI a8: A 5 Trusses Jl ga Fx! ae Longitudinal bracing Jaco AUS 5 gall = Bal Span JH gtd » EAI dae dhys a 3C— Check te fecton due fo lve load: only A 3, ies: t\em em Pact. 394” Bale 2 Py 5. (8\100)(300)" _ Spr “gaa * 2100+ 11260 Oo On net 9 _ 600 5p \er 300 2.0 em (Safe) ule Longitudinal bracing JI yolse ped Go 2 ULI ods ys OU 5 2 By Gye Lagi JRE GA! Le!If the number of bolts increased to more than 6 bolts GI Jolly p93 member gh gb Tye peeled! 232 shh 131 For upper chord Use vertical splice For lower chord Use vertical splice or horizontal splice gl a¥ Vertical splice or horizontal splice J} acd discontinuous members 52 dle members J) 495 - 1 « ggull yaib Go Spliced members Jl gb forces J) 43% - For diagonal and _verticais Use the reduction factor (B)Connection between 2 IPE sections plakiel: Prame (IPE400) J! 35 g IPE3OO (Tie) JI gps Leryl (Saal Go + Qs WW! Ge Framing angles 1pE409 IPE400 [For ni |=> Shear —> Connecting web of IPE300 with angles F For nz|—>Sheart+ Tension van vumper : q £ <> Connecting angles with beam IPE 400 @®pliniel Frame (EPE400) JI ByS g IPE3OO (Tie) IN gp: Lapp) Saal! Ge + SUIS Head Plate cogs psa 5 IPESOO (Tie) J) gi pyle Head Plate J) 535 cue + Qilae WI) Ge Frame (IPE400) Ji ges sacle: > Sheart+Tension sven nuuper Q t <> Connecting angles with bearn IPE 400BBL Abe sl yd plu) pect ay! Sl 5 Lol, —— ge | SS |* aeay—l 1 + Aig =S + 240.8 y= ene + Acwpange = 5S 2 4s08sd, tS eerbs =... ene =» Normal Stress =f = —————_ f Augen t A flange » Shear Stress=q = a Aru wes Boge gall SgHll Leg lhe 18s pallet pla! gf as Shear forces I tyalls -1i5 aks! Check using interaction equation (Code page 84)