Assignment

Name: Samar Siddiqui date: 17 -2-19

Id: 1701-BSSE005 submitted to: Sir Imtiaz

Q no: 1 what is UML? Define its all types?

UML stands for Unified Modeling Language. It’s a rich language to model software solutions, application
structures, system behavior and business processes. There are 14 UML diagram types to help you model
these behaviors.

There are two main categories

 Structure diagrams 
 Behavioral diagrams. 

Structure Diagrams

 Class Diagram
 Component Diagram
 Deployment Diagram
 Object Diagram
 Package Diagram
 Profile Diagram
 Composite Structure Diagram

Behavioral Diagrams
  Use Case Diagram
 Activity Diagram
 State Machine Diagram
 Sequence Diagram
 Communication Diagram
 Interaction Overview Diagram
 Timing Diagram

Class Diagram

Class diagrams are the main building block of any object-oriented solution.

Component Diagram
A component diagram displays the structural relationship of components of a software system. 

Deployment Diagram
A deployment diagram shows the hardware of your system and the software in that hardware.

Object Diagram
Object Diagrams, sometimes referred to as Instance diagrams are very similar to class diagrams. Like
class diagrams, they also show the relationship between objects but they use real world examples.

Package Diagram
As the name suggests, a package diagram shows the dependencies between different packages in a
system
Profile Diagram
Profile diagram is a new diagram type introduced in UML 2. This is a diagram type that is very rarely
used in any specification.

Composite Structure Diagram

Composite structure diagrams are used to show the internal structure of a class.

Use Case Diagram

As the most known diagram type of the behavioral UML types, Use case diagrams give a graphic
overview of the actors involved in a system, different functions needed by those actors and how these
different functions interact.

Activity Diagram
Activity diagrams represent workflows in a graphical way. They can be used to describe the business
workflow or the operational workflow of any component in a system. Sometimes activity diagrams are
used as an alternative to State machine diagrams.

State Machine Diagram

State machine diagrams are similar to activity diagrams, although notations and usage change a bit.

Sequence Diagram
Sequence diagrams in UML show how objects interact with each other and the order those interactions
occur. 

Communication Diagram
In UML 1 they were called collaboration diagrams. Communication diagrams are similar to sequence
diagrams, but the focus is on messages passed between objects.

Interaction Overview Diagram

Interaction overview diagrams are very similar to activity diagrams. While activity diagrams show a
sequence of processes, Interaction overview diagrams show a sequence of interaction diagrams.
Timing Diagram
Timing diagrams are very similar to sequence diagrams. They represent the behavior of objects in a
given time frame.

Q no:2 what is software design ?

Software design is a process to transform user requirements into some suitable form, which helps the
programmer in software coding and implementation.
For assessing user requirements, an SRS (Software Requirement Specification) document is created
whereas for coding and implementation, there is a need of more specific and detailed requirements in
software terms. The output of this process can directly be used into implementation in programming
languages.
Q no:3 what are the quality attribute ? define all of them?
Within systems engineering, quality attributes are realized non-functional requirements used to
evaluate the performance of a system. These are sometimes named "ilities" after the suffix many of the
words share. They are usually Architecturally Significant Requirements that require architects' attention.
Some of them are:

 administrability
 fault-tolerance
 fidelity
 flexibility
 inspect ability
 install ability
 integrity
 interchangeability
 interoperability 
 learnability
 localizability
 maintainability
 usability
 reproducibility
  resilience
 responsiveness
 reusability 
 robustness
 safety
Q no: 4 what is common application architecture? Define it
In information systems, applications architecture or application architecture is one of
several architecture domains that form the pillars of an enterprise architecture (EA).[1][2]
Applications architecture describes the behavior of applications used in a business, focused on how they
interact with each other and with users. It is focused on the data consumed and produced by
applications rather than their internal structure. In application portfolio management, the applications
are usually mapped to business functions and to application.
The applications architecture is specified on the basis of business and functional requirements. This
involves defining the interaction between application packages, databases, and middleware systems in
terms of functional coverage. This helps identify any integration problems or gaps in functional
coverage. A migration plan can then be drawn up for systems which are at the end of the software life
cycle or which have inherent technological risks.
Q no: 5 list out different types of application, their platform and programming languages to develop
those applications?
Some of the applications are:
Python:
Is a high-level programming language used for general purpose programming? With a simple syntax,
Python has automatic memory management and dynamic features that make it suitable to be used in a
variety of applications in the software development companies such as gaming, web applications,
language development, prototyping, etc. The testers use it, as debugging is quite easy in this language.

Java:
Is an object-oriented programming language that can be written on any device and can work even on a
cross-platform basis? Often used to develop mobile applications, Java is also the basis of Android
operating system. The language is preferred by the testers owing to its ability to use even on cross-
platforms.

Ruby:
With numerous tools and libraries available along with the language, Ruby is a simple to use the
programming language that does not require one to learn programming vocabulary or commands. Quite
popular on small websites, Ruby does not deliver the expected performance on large websites. With a
full-stack framework, testing any program that has been developed using Ruby is easy.

Perl:
One of the commonly used languages for software, hardware and network testing, PERL helps in
ensuring the best quality of a software product. Its file handling techniques and powerful file analyzing
that consumes least execution time makes it one of the most preferred languages over other
programming languages.

 SQL:
 is found to be an interactive language which is on the rising path among another programming
languages. Tech giants like Amazon, Google, IBM, Oracle, Helix, Microsoft etc. continue to utilize SQL in
their systems. This is considered to be a standardized program that is used to perform relational
functions and operations.