Vishvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi

An Technical seminar Report on

“4D printing technology”

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of

Bachelor of Engineering
In
Mechanical Engineering

Submitted by
CHANDAN K H
4GL18ME403

Under the Guidance of

Internal Guide External Guide

Dr. Srinivas Murthy M
Assistant Professor,
Government Engg. College
Kushalnagar

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Government Engineering College Kushalnagar
Somavarapet, Madikeri - 571234, Karnataka, India
2020 - 2021
 GOVERNMENT ENGINEERING COLLEGE KUSHALNAGAR
Somavarapet, Madikeri - 571234, Karnataka

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Mr. CHANDAN K H bearing USN: 4GL18ME403 8th semester B.E. in
Mechanical Engineering has presented and has successfully completed the seminar titled “4D
printing technology” in the presence of the undersigned examiners for the partial fulfillment of
the award of B.E. Degree under VTU, Belgavi, for the academic year 2020-21

Guide Head of the Department Principal

Dr. SRINIVASMURTHY M Dr. LAKSHMIDEVAMMA M M Dr. M M BENAL
B.E, M.E, MISTE, Ph.D B.E, M.E, Ph.D B.E, M.E, Ph.D

EXTERNAL VIVA

Names of the Examiners Signatures with Date

1.

2.
 DECLARATION

I, Mr.CHANDAN K H bearing USN 4GL18ME403 studing in 8th semester of Bachelor of

Engineering in Mechanical Engineering, Government Engineering College Kushalnagar,
Madikeri declare that this seminar work entitled “4D printing technology” which is being
submitted by me in the partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Engineering
in Mechanical Engineering from Vishveshvaraya Technological University, Belgavi is an
authentic record of me carried out during the academic year 2020-21, under the guidance of
Prof. Dr. SRINIVAS MURTHY M, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Government
Engineering College Kushalnagar, Madikeri.

I further undertake that the matter embodied in the dissertation has not been submitted previously
for the award of any degree or diploma by me to any other university or institution

Place:
Date:

CHANDAN K H
4GL18ME403
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It is our proud privilege and duty to acknowledge the kind of help and guidance received from
several people in preparation of this report. It would not have been possible to prepare this report
in this form without their valuable help, cooperation and guidance.

First and foremost, I wish to record our sincere gratitude to Management of this college and to our
beloved Principal, Dr. M M BENAL, Government Engineering College Kushalnagar, Madikeri
for his constant support and encouragement in preparation of this report and for making available
library and laboratory facilities needed to prepare this report.

My sincere thanks to Dr. LAKSHMIDEVAMMA M M, Professor and Head, Department of

Mechanical Engineering, GECK, for his valuable suggestions and guidance throughout the period
of this report.

I express my sincere gratitude to my guide, Dr. SRINIVAS MURTHY M, Assistant Professor,

Department of Mechanical Engineering, GECK, Madikeri for guiding us in investigations for this
seminar and in carrying out the work. My numerous discussions with his were extremely helpful. I
hold his in esteem for guidance, encouragement and inspiration received from his.

The seminar on “4D printing technology” was very helpful to me in giving the necessary
background information and inspiration in choosing this topic for the seminar. My sincere thanks
to Dr. SRINIVAS MURTHY M and Prof. VASANTH KUMAR, Seminar Coordinators for
having supported the work related to this seminar. Their contributions and technical support in
preparing this report are greatly acknowledged.

Last but not the least, I wish to thank my parents for constantly encouraging us to learn
engineering. Their personal sacrifice in providing this opportunity to learn engineering is
gratefully acknowledged.

Place: Madikeri CHANDAN K H

 TABLE OF CONTENS

Chapters Particulars Page

Number
1 Introduction 1

2 4D printing technology 2-5

3 Smart materials 6-10

4 Fabrication 11-15

5 Applications Area 16-18

6 Future development. 19-20

7. Analysis of 4D printing. 21

8 4D printing market analysis. 22

9 cost analysis of 4D printing. 22

10 conclusion. 23

11 Refrences. 24
 ABSTRACT

3D printing has gained immerse popularity since it’s introduction and finds applications in areas such as
prototyping, engineering and medical field largely due to its advantage of being able to quickly and
inexpensively transform computer 3D files into physical objects.3D printing has the capability of printing
geometrically fixed structures which are static and not suited for multifunction al use.4D printing was
developed when researches combined smart materials and 3D printing. 4D printing uses the fourth
dimension of time to create shape morphing 3D printed objects when exposed to stimuli after using
conventional 3D printing technology such as fused deposition modeling and selective laser sintering.4D
printed materials respond to stimuli such as pH, humidity and temperature to activate the 3D printed
components without the use of electronics or motors.