Internet in the Czech Republic and Internet access are largely provided by the

private sector and is available in a variety of forms, using a variety of

technologies, at a wide range of speeds and costs. In 2013, 68% of Czechs were
connected to the Internet.[1]

Contents
1 Status
2 Wireless
2.1 Wi-Fi
2.2 Mobile
3 Fixed-wired
3.1 ADSL/VDSL
3.2 Cable
4 Internet censorship and surveillance
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
Status
Internet users: 7.6 million, 45th in the world; 75.0% of the population, 37th in
the world (2012).[2]
Fixed broadband: 1.7 million subscriptions, 46th in the world; 16.6% of the
population, 56th in the world (2012).[3]
Mobile broadband: 4.5 million subscriptions, 41st in the world; 44.0% of the
population, 36th in the world (2012).[4]
Hosts: 4.1 million, 27th in the world (2012).[5]
IPv4: 8.0 million addresses allocated, 0.2% of world total, 790 per 1000 persons
(2012).[6]
Top level domain: .cz
Wireless
Wi-Fi
See also: List of wireless community networks by region § Czech_Republic
Because ADSL was very expensive for an average worker in its early days, an
enormous number of wireless ISPs (WISPs) (based on 802.11 Wi-Fi technology) came
into existence offering reasonably priced monthly-plans since 2003. At the
beginning of 2008, there were over 800 mostly local WISPs[7][8] that had enormous
market share of the Internet access. It is estimated Wi-Fi ISPs have about 350 000
subscribers by 2007. The Czech Republic has the most Wi-Fi subscriber in the whole
European Union.[9][10] There are both commercial and community wireless networks.

Mobile
Mobile data plans are being offered by all four mobile phone operators (T-Mobile,
Vodafone, O2 and Nordic Telecom). Vodafone, T-Mobile and O2 offer connection using
the LTE, GPRS and EDGE technology. 5G networks are being switched on in some
locations (for example in Prague Underground[11]).

In February 31 - 2021, Vodafone switched off their 3G (UMTS) network.[12] T-Mobile

is planning to switch their 3G network off at the end of November.[13] O2 is going
to start switching the 3G network at the end of May.[14]

CDMA2000 networks have been switched off already.

Comparison of mobile data plans (data-only plans without voice)

Company Plan name Technology Maximum download speed/(kbit/s) Maximum
upload speed/(kbit/s) Data limit/GB Monthly price incl. VAT/CZK Source
O2 Data+ Modrý 2 GB 4G LTE ? ? 2/month 199 [15]
O2 Data+ Bronzový 10 GB 4G LTE ? ? 10/month 399 [15]
O2 Data+ Stříbrný 30 GB 4G LTE ? ? 30/month 649 [15]
Vodafone Red Data+ 10 GB 4G LTE ? ? 10/month 399 [16]
Nordic Telecom LTE mobilní data 4GB 4G LTE 5000 5000 4/month 295
[17]
Nordic Telecom LTE mobilní data 8GB 4G LTE 5000 5000 8/month 395
[17]
Fixed-wired
ADSL/VDSL
In the Czech Republic, ADSL became commercially available at the beginning of 2003,
by then-monopoly operator Český Telecom with basic speeds from 192/64 kbit/s to
1024/256 kbit/s. The start-up of ADSL was very slow due to overpriced plans (~€350
per month for 1024/256 kbit). At the beginning of 2004, local loop unbundling
began, and alternative operators started to offer ADSL (and also SDSL). This, and
later privatisation of Český Telecom, helped to drive down prices. On July 1, 2006,
Český Telecom was renamed to Telefónica O2 Czech Republic. As of 2009, ADSL2+ was
offered in three variants, mostly without data limits (Fair User Policy - limiting
link speed based on amount of transferred data). The speed varied depending on the
loop length up to 20 Mbit/s.[citation needed]

In 2015, O2 Czech Republic (owned by PPF) was split into two companies: CETIN,
which owns the fixed and mobile network, and the mobile operator, O2.[18] CETIN is
offering its cable network not only to O2, but also to another ISPs. Maximum speeds
vary per each ISP (250 Mb/s, 1 Gbit/s, etc.).[19]

CETIN has been building remote DSLAMs around the Czech Republic. They are supposed
to be installed instead of existing network nodes connected through a copper cable.
Remote DSLAMs are connected to a fibre network, so old copper lines (from DSLAM to
customer) can transmit higher speeds.

The typical ADSL/VDSL (no limits/no data cap) connection offered is from 20/2Mbit
up to 100/10Mbit. For short local loops, 250/25 Mbit/s plan is offered by some
VDSL3 (G.Fast) internet providers.[citation needed]

Cable
Cable internet offers higher download speeds up to 1000 Mbit/s. The biggest ISP,
UPC (which has been acquired by Vodafone in 2019[20] - Vodafone and UPC then merged
together) is providing its service mainly in big cities and attractive locations.
[citation needed]

Internet censorship and surveillance

There were no government restrictions on access to the Internet or credible reports
the government monitors e-mail or Internet chat rooms without judicial oversight.
Individuals and grou