Geochemical Sampling and Analysis of Fumaroles Gas and Hot Spring Water in
Shimabara Peninsula, Japan.
INTRODUCTION
Fig. 1 Sampling points within the Shimabara Peninsula.
Shimabara Peninsula is located to 150 km southwest of Fukuoka city and to the
east of the Nagasaki city, Kyushu, Japan.
The project study for geochemical exploration was conducted along the Unzen
graben in Shimabara Peninsula, middle western Kyushu eight water samples
from hot springs, wells (Obama, Unzen, Shimabara and others towns) and two
fumarolic samples (Unzen) were collected for chemical and isotopic analyses
respectively.
In addition to this study, another ten samples were taken for the understanding
of geothermal fluid spread at Obama hot spring area.
All samples were taken from 26/Sep to 30/Sep 2016.
The conventional method was used for water sampling, at first we collected the
well information from the administrator and them measured temperature (water
and atmosphere), pH value, EC, and HCO3 by titration method.
Plastic bottles with the capacity of 0.1L, 0.5L and 1L were used for the
chemical and stable isotope analyses, on the other hand two typical sampling
methods (Giggenbach and Ozawa) were adopted to fumarolic gas sampling in
order to make comparisons of the handling in the field and chemical results.
Our samples were carried to the laboratory Kyuden Sangyo CO. LTD. to make
chemical analyses including stable isotope analyses.
Table 1.- Shimabara Peninsula area hot spring water samples
Table 2.- Obama area hot spring water samples
Table 3.- Shimabara Peninsula area hot spring water samples
OBJECTIVES
1.- The target of the project study is establishing a comparison between Ozawa method
and Giggenbach method.
2.- Know the chemical sampling methodology of fumaroles gas and hot springs
within a geothermal field.
3.- Apply the methods learned in the geochemical exploration in new prospects in
Ecuador.
4.- Determine the origin at fumarole gas.
5.- Estimate the temperature of the geothermal reservoir.
RESEARCH POSTER PRESENTATION DESIGN © 2015
www.PosterPresentations.com
Juan Andrés Maldonado Guerra 1 ,Iwanagua Tatsuto 2
1
Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395
2 Electricity Corporation of Ecuador, CELEC EP, Termopichincha, Av. 6 de Diciembre N26-235 y Orellana, Quito, 593-022992500, ext. 3504
ABSTRACT For develop a correct interpretation of geochemical system, it is necessary to sample hot springs and volcanic fumaroles within a defined area of study, with the use of the most appropriate and
efficient methods.
The scope of this draft study is to analyze the methods already defined by Osawa (1966) and Giggenbach (1975), for sampling of volcanic fumaroles field.
Keywords: Osawa method, Giggenbach method, volcanic fumaroles, sampling, geochemical system.
METHODS CONCLUSIONS
Giggenbach Method
The funnel with a 20 cm diameter and 1 cm diameter spout was put on the In the case of wake fumarolic activities, there are some differences
discharging point where the steam flow rate was best condition and the silicon between Giggenbach method and Ozawa method.
tube was connected to the funnel with the 1 cm outer diameter. After steam
discharging from the outlet of silicone tube was confirmed and flushing
completely the system, sampling was started. The oxygen free program is useful tool when air contamination
The capacity of Giggenbach sampling bottle was rinsed with distilled water at occurred.
laboratory and 50 ml of 4M KOH solution was introduced into this bottle, which
was weighed before and after this process, them Giggenbach method was However, if air concentration in R-gas is more than 10%, it is
evacuated and the stop cock was closed to keep condition.
recommended that re-sampling should be planned and conducted..
Giggenbach bottle was connected to silicone tube shown at Fig. 2 and the stop
cock was opened to introduce steam into Giggenbach bottle. The stop cock was Gas geothermometer D Amore and Panichi show the temperature is
opened a little by little to react for the steam to react with KOH solution. 130°C at Tenboudai and 200 °C at Daikyokan was in a condition of
During sampling Giggenbach bottle was cooled with fresh water. 1 atm. CO2.
Ozawa Method Fig.2 Giggenbach method In order to estimate gases origin, gas parameter in R-gas needs not
The same funnel was used for the sampling. However, the titanium spiral tube only He gas but also 3He/4He stable isotope ratio.
was to cool steam was arranged between the funnel and the syringe to produce
non condensable gas and condensate. The results of free oxygen data for Tenboudai showed differences.
A 25 ml of 4M KOH solution was pippeted at the site and poured into the syringe
with the capacity of 200 ml and two inlets connected to triple direction glass cock
respectively. REFERENCES
After removing residual air in syringe, one inlet was connected to the titanium
Iwanagua T. (1990). Chemical Analysis and Environmental Preservation for
spiral tube and we started sampling. When an amount of KOH solution and
Geothermal Fluids, (2)-7 Textbook for 1st Group Training Course
condensate reached to about 100 cc, we stopped sampling.
International on Geothermal Advanced Energy, (pp. 1-17).
The liquid and gas phase volume were measured and recorded looking at the
meniscus on the syringe.
Kazuya O. (2006). Hydrothermal System at Unzen Volcano and its
The liquid phase was poured into the conical flask and an aliquot sample was
Geological Background , 28, (pp. 337-346).
pippeted to determinate CO2 gas and H2Sgas respectively.
Fig.3 Ozawa method Hirabayashi J. (1986). Sampling of Fumarolic Gases at Vulcano (Italy) and
Analytical Results , 15, (pp. 201-203).
Determination total CO2 and total H2S
Hakim Saibi & Sachio E. (2010). Temperature and Chemical changes in the
fluids of the Obama Geothermal Field (SW Japan) in response to field
utilization , 39, (pp. 228-241).
Cisne J. (2006). Sampling and Analysis of Geothermal Steam and
Fig.4 Flow diagram titration method determination total CO2
Geothermometer Applications in Krafla, Theistareykir, Reykjanes and
Svartsengi Iceland , 13, (pp. 153-169).
Marini L. (2004). Geochemical Techniques for the Exploration and
Exploitation of Geothermal Energy , (pp. 1-106).
Fig.5 Flow diagram titration method determination total H2S
RESULTS Ohsawa S. (2006). A Hydro-geochemical Study on Hydrothermal System
and Formation Processes of Hot Springs in Unzen Graben of the Shimabara
Table 4. Final results Table 5. D Amore and Panichi geothermometer results Peninsula, Kyushu, Japan , 28, (pp. 361-371).
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The author is much indebted to JICA, to Kyushu University and to the
course leader Ryuichi Itoi Professor Dr.Eng , for the organization of the
Intensive Training for Geothermal Resource Engineers.
The author greatly thanks Iwanagua Tatsuto Dr. for all the help provided, his
commitment to the geochemistry group and his unlimited patience to teach.
The author is much indebted to Kyuden Sanyo staff, for their support in
learning the methods of analysis used and especially for their kindness and
consideration throughout our permanence.
For my classmates and especially my geochemistry group, for sharing their
Fig.4. Methods comparison Osawa and Giggenbach method Fig.5. Tertial (He-N2-Ar) diagram result experience as support for the execution of my study project.