BRING-HOME RESEARCH EXAMINATION

A final requirement
For the course
Principle of Crop Production
(CRS001)

DEXCELL RAVE C. BAYOBAY

Student

DR. AMER I. COMADUG

Instructor

20 AGRICULTURAL TERMS
Agriculture

The science and art of cultivating plants, animals, or other organisms in order to

produce any of a variety of products that can be used by humans, most commonly food,
fibres, fuels, and raw materials.

Agroforestry

On a basic level, agroforestry is defined as “trees on farms.” In

actuality, agroforestry involves trees and shrubs being combined with crops and livestock
to make for a more productive, healthy, and sustainable-use land system.

Agronomy

Is the science of crop production and soil management. It is the study of how plants and
soil can best be used for food, fuel, fibre, and reclamation.

Aquaculture

Production of aquatic animals or plants in ponds, tanks or other controlled

environments. Example: catfish.

Biofuels 

Any fuel that is derived from biomass—that is, plant or algae material or animal waste.
Biofuel is considered to be a source of renewable energy, unlike fossil fuels such as
petroleum, coal, and natural gas.

Biopesticides

Like agroecosystems, encompass two terms: “bio,” which refers to biological, and
“pesticides,” Which refers to substances that eliminate insects and other pests.
Biopesticides refer to multiple types of pest management control, including but not
limited to, predatory, parasitic, or chemical.
Biomass Crops

A biological material that comes from living organisms, usually from plants or plant-
derived materials. Biomass crops are the plants that are put toward the production of
this biomass.

Cash Crop

Any crop that is sold off the farm to yield ready cash.

Crops

Defined as a plant that’s grown in significant quantities. In fact, a crop can be any plant
that’s harvested as food, used for livestock fodder, or applied to any other economic
purpose.

Crop Rotation

More or less regular recurrent succession of different crops on the same land for the
purpose of maintaining good yields.

Erosion

The wearing away of the land surface, usually by running water or wind.

Farm

An area of land devoted primarily to agricultural processes with the primary objective of
producing food or other crops.

Fertilizer

A fertilizer or fertiliser is any material of natural or synthetic origin that is applied to soil
or to plant tissues to supply one or more plant nutrients essential to the growth of plants.
Herbicide

Chemicals that kill weeds.

Hydroponics

Growing of plants in water containing the essential growth elements.

Irrigation

The artificial process of applying controlled amounts of water to land to assist in

production of crops.

Nutrient

A chemical element or compound that is essential for normal body metabolism, growth
and production. Includes: carbohydrates fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals and water.

Livestock

Any domestic animal produced or kept primarily for farm, ranch, or market purposes,
including beef and dairy cattle, hogs, sheep, goats, and horses.

Sowing
Is the process of planting. An area or object that has had seeds planted in it will be
described as a sowed area.

Weeding
Is the botanical component of pest control, which attempts to stop weeds,
especially noxious weeds.

Difference between
Principles and Practices
 Principles are a fundamental truth or proposition that serves
as the foundation for a system of belief or behaviour or for a chain
of reasoning on the other hand agricultural practices are basically
a collection of principles to apply for farm production processes in
order to get better agricultural products. They are simply practices
used in agriculture to facilitate farming[ CITATION Agr21 \l 1033 ]. Examples
are Crop rotation, tilling, irrigation etc.

Branches of Agriculture

The Agriculture is divided into five main branches [ CITATION Cha20 \l 13321 ] and these
are:
 Agronomy
 Horticulture
 Agricultural Engineering
 Agricultural Economics
 Animal Science

Agronomy: Agronomy is the branch of agriculture that deals with soil management and
production of food, fuel and fibre from plants.
Horticulture:  Horticulture deals with the growing of flowers, vegetables, fruits and
ornamental plants or crops.
Agricultural Engineering: Agricultural Engineering deals with the formation of
equipment or machines that shorten the energy & time spend in the task and worked
efficiently.
Agricultural Economics: Agricultural Economics deals with the production and
distribution of fibre and food.
Animal Science: Animal Science deals with the raising of animals to get beneficial
products such as Milk, Meat, etc.
Some other sub-branches of Agriculture:
Agriculture has a lot of sub-branches and their names are listed below.
 Plant Breeding & Genetics
 Soil Science
 Entomology
 Forestry
 Food Science
 Plant Pathology
 Extension Education
 Agriculture Statistics
 Seed Technology

References
Agricultural Practices. (2021, Febuary 6). Retrieved from Vedantu: https://www.vedantu.com/question-
answer/what-are-agricultural-practices-define-5b7fdd6be4b084fdbbfc8d1d?
fbclid=IwAR2zHZQ3_eibSQGll9lsvhSPKTcZzfML5YuPWiAPhOSuNDKhwbsUI_JObkk

AGRICULTURAL TERMS: PART I. (2013, January 21). Retrieved from MACHINEFINDER Blog:
https://blog.machinefinder.com/11045/agricultural-terms-part-i

Agriculture Agricultural Practices. (n.d.). Retrieved from BYJU'S: https://byjus.com/biology/agriculture-

agricultural-practices/
Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia. (2019, November 28). Fertilizer. Retrieved from Britannica
Encyclopedia: https://www.britannica.com/topic/fertilizer

Lehman, Noelle Eckley Selin and Clarence. (2020, March 31). Biofuel. Retrieved from Encyclopedia
Britannica: https://www.britannica.com/technology/biofuel

Mobeen, C. (2020, August 20). AGRICULTURE. Retrieved from Agriculture Daily Science:
https://agriculturedailyscience.com/what-are-the-branches-of-agriculture/

Reynolds Center. (2012, Febuary 22). Covering agriculture: Glossary of terms, concepts. Retrieved from
Business Journalism: https://businessjournalism.org/2012/02/covering-agriculture-glossary-of-
terms-concepts/

Wikipedia contributors. (2021, Febuary 23). Glossary of agriculture. Retrieved from Wikipedia, The Free
Encyclopedia.: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?
title=Glossary_of_agriculture&oldid=1008419151

Wikipedia contributors. (2021, March 2). Weed control. Retrieved from Wikipedia, The Free
Encyclopedia.: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Weed_control&oldid=1009908386