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1bq17at028 - K V Rohit - Assignment 1 - Constituional Law
1bq17at028 - K V Rohit - Assignment 1 - Constituional Law
The Preamble to the Constitution of India is a brief introductory statement that sets out
guidelines to guide people of the nation, to present the principles of the Constitution, to
indicate the source from which the document derives its authority, and meaning. It
reflects the hopes and aspirations of the people.
PREAMBLE
WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having solemnly
resolved to constitute India into
a SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC and to secure to all
its citizens:
❖ SINGLE CITIZENSHIP:
The constitution of India is federal and provides for a dual polity, i.e., Union
and States, but it had opted for a single citizenship for whole of India. There
is no separate citizenship of the States. Every Indian citizen of India enjoys
practically the same civil and political rights of citizenship, no matter in
which State he resides. The Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2003 has paved
for conferring Indian citizenship not only upon the persons of Indian origin
but also for the citizens of certain other countries also.
❖ PREVENTIVE DETENTION:
The Constitution contains a unique, though, pernicious feature in the form
of Preventive Detention in order to prevent any abuse of freedom by anti-
social and subversive elements, which might endanger the national welfare
of the infant Republic of India. It empowers the State to enact a law which
provides for preventing detention of persons, even during peacetime, for
reasons connected with defence, foreign affairs, maintenance of public
order and the security of State.
❖ A SECULAR STATE:
In Indian Constitution, no religion has been recognized as State’s religion.
The Indian constitution treats all the religions equally. Anti-national
activities cannot be permitted in the name of any religion. This freed om is
also subject to reasonable restrictions like other freedoms.
❖ AN INDEPENDENT JUDICIARY:
An independent and impartial judiciary is essential for the success of any
democratic system. The Indian Constitution provides for the setting up of
an independent judiciary. The Constitution secures to the Judges, the tenure
of service and they cannot be removed before the expiry of their tenure
except by impeachment under the Constitution. The courts are vested with
the power of judicial review and they can examine the constitutional
validity of law made by the parliament as well as law made by the State
Legislature. Any law which is declared unconstitutional by the court that
becomes inoperative and void.
❖ ADULT SUFFRAGE:
Article 326 of the Indian constitution as amended by the Constitution
(61st Amendment) Act, 1989, secures to every citizen of India who has
attained the age of 18 years, the right of vote, he or she is entitled to vote in
Parliamentary and State Legislative Assembly elections to elect
representatives to the Legislatures, both, Central as well as States. There is
no discrimination in this respect on grounds of sex, caste, property, religion
etc.
K V ROHIT
1BQ17AT028