Exercise No.

1: Classification of Horticultural Crops

Introduction
Horticulture, the branch of plant agriculture dealing with garden crops, generally
fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants. The word is derived from the Latin hortus,
“garden,” and colere, “to cultivate.” As a general term, it covers all forms of garden
management, but in ordinary use it refers to intensive commercial production. In terms
of scale, horticulture falls between domestic gardening and field agriculture, though all
forms of cultivation naturally have close links. Horticulture is divided into the cultivation
of plants for food (pomology and olericulture) and plants for ornament
(floriculture and landscape horticulture). Pomology deals with fruit and nut crops.
Olericulture deals with herbaceous plants for the kitchen, including, for
example, carrots (edible root), asparagus (edible stem), lettuce (edible
leaf), cauliflower (edible flower buds), tomatoes (edible fruit), and peas (edible seed).
Floriculture deals with the production of flowers and ornamental plants; generally, cut
flowers, pot plants, and greenery. Landscape horticulture is a broad category that
includes plants for the landscape, including lawn turf but particularly nursery crops such
as shrubs, trees, and vines.
Horticultural crops are very diverse. That is why plant classification is very
important tool in horticulture. Classification deals with the taxonomical aspects of
classifying aspects of crops – their morphology and economical parts and agro-
botanical characters. It aids in determining the culture requirement of plants, in
predicting graft compatibility or in formulating hybridization program for horticultural
crops. Furthermore, it aids in man’s search for new plants of horticultural importance.

Objective
1. To identify and classify different horticultural crops.
2. To identify what method of propagation of each horticultural crop was being used.
3. To know their scientific and family names.
Materials
 Notebook, ballpen, cellphone, laptop, umbrella
Guide question

1. Give 20 crops in each of the four (4) divisions of Horticulture by completing Table 1
below.
Table 1. Classification different horticultural crops and methods of propagation
Common Names Scientific Names Family Names Methods of Propagation
Fruit Crops
1. Banana Musa acuminata. Musaceae Cutting
2. Avocado Persea americana Lauraceae Layering/Grafting
3. Guava Psidium guajava Myrtaceae Cutting/Layering/Grafting
4. Pineapple Ananas comosus Bromeliaceae Cutting
5. Passion Fruit Passiflora edulis Passifloraceae Cutting/Layering/Seeding
6. Papaya Carica papaya Caricaceae Cutting/Seeding
7. Mango Mangifera indica  Anacardiaceae Budding/Grafting/Seeding
Artocarpus Grafting
8. Jackfruit Moraceae
heterophyllus
9. Pomelo Citrus maxima Rutaceae Cutting/Layering/Grafting
10. Durian Durio zibethinus Malvaceae Budding
11. Lanzones Lansium domesticum Meliaceae Seeding/Grafting
12. Grapes Vitis vinifera Vitaceae Layering/Cutting/Grafting
13. Strawberry Fragaria × ananassa Rosaceae Seedling
Anacardium
14. Cashew Anacardiaceae Grafting
occidentale
15. Kiwi Fruit Actinidia chinensis Actinidiaceae Grafting/Cutting
16. Apple Malus domestica Rosaceae Grafting/Budding
17. Walnut Juglans regia Juglandaceae Grafting
18. Coconut Cocos nucifera  Arecaceae Seeding
19. Dragon Fruit Selenicereus undatus Cactaceae Cutting
20. Rambutan Nephelium lappaceum Sapindaceae Grafting/Layering/Budding
Ornamentals
1. Roses Rosa Rosaceae Layering/Seeding
2. Desert Rose Adenium obesum Apocynaceae Cutting
3. Lavender Lavandula angustifolia Lamiaceae Cutting
4. Marigold Tagetes minuta  Asteraceae Cutting
5. Mint Mentha piperita Lamiaceae Cutting
6. Rosemary Salvia rosmarinus Lamiaceae Cutting
7. Thyme Thymus vulgaris Lamiaceae Cutting
8. Basil Ocimum basilicum Lamiaceae Cutting
9. Lilies Lilium longiflorum Liliaceae Cutting
10. Tulips Tulipa gesneriana Liliaceae Seeding
Narcissus pseudonarci
11. Daffodils Amaryllidaceae Cutting
ssus
12. Onion Plants Allium cepa Amaryllidaceae Cutting
13. American
Wisteria frutescens Fabaceae Cutting
Westeria
14. Petunia Petunia × atkinsiana Solanaceae Cutting
15. Lilac Syringa vulgaris  Oleaceae Cutting
16. Amaryllis Amaryllis belladonna Amaryllidaceae Seeding/Cutting
Pelargonium X
17. Geranium Geraniaceae Cutting
hortorum
Chlorophytum
18. Spider Plant Asparagaceae Cutting
comosum
19. Snake Plant Dracaena trifasciata Asparagaceae Cutting
20. Golden
Epipremnum aureum Araceae Cutting
Pothos
Plantation
Crops
1. Coconut Cocos nucifera  Arecaceae Seeding
2. Oil Palm  Elaeis guineensis Arecaceae Seeding
Anacardium
3. Cashew Anacardiaceae Grafting
occidentale
4. Tea Camellia sinensis Theaceae Cutting
5. Rubber Hevea brasiliensis Euphorbiaceae Layering
 Saccharum
6. Sugar Cane Poaceae Cutting
officinarum
7. Potatoes Solanum tuberosum Solanaceae Cutting
8. Tobacco Nicotiana tabacum Solanaceae Seeding
9. Pumpkin Cucurbita moschata Cucurbitaceae Seeding
10. Melons Cucumis melo  Cucurbitaceae Seeding
11. Grapes Vitis vinifera Vitaceae Layering/Cutting/Grafting
12. Sisal Agave sisalana Asparagaceae Budding
13. Banana Musa acuminata. Musaceae Cutting
 Vaccinium subg.
14. Cranberries Ericaceae Cutting
Oxycoccus
15. Rice Oryza sativa Poaceae Seeding
16. Indigo Indigofera tinctoria Fabaceae Cutting
17. Cotton Gossypium hirsutum  Malvaceae Seeding
18. Cardamon Elettaria cardamomum Zingiberaceae Seeding
19. Arecanut Areca catechu Arecaceae Seeding
20. Cocoa Theobroma cacao Malvaceae Seeding
Vegetable Crops
1. Onion Allium cepa Amaryllidaceae Cutting
2. Garlic  Allium sativum Amaryllidaceae Cutting
3. Carrot . Daucus carota Apiaceae Seeding
subsp. sativus
4. Eggplant Solanum melongena Solanaceae Seeding/Cutting
5. Lettuce Lactuca sativa Asteraceae Seeding
6. Cucumber Cucumis sativus Cucurbitaceae Seeding
7. Asparagus Asparagus officinalis Asparagaceae Seeding
8. Corn Zea mays Poaceae Seeding
9. Tomato Solanum lycopersicum Solanaceae Seeding/Cutting
10. Cabbage Brassica oleracea var. Brassicaceae Seeding
capitata
7. Potato Solanum tuberosum Solanaceae Cutting
12. Radish Raphanus sativus Brassicaceae Seeding
13. Cauliflower Brassica oleracea var. Brassicaceae Cutting
 botrytis
14. Melon Cucumis melo  Cucurbitaceae Seeding
15. Celery Apium graveolens Apiaceae Seeding/Cutting
16. Spinach Spinacia oleracea Amaranthaceae Seeding
17. Pumpkin Cucurbita moschata Cucurbitaceae Seeding
18. Beets Beta vulgaris  Amaranthaceae Seeding
19. Pepper Capsicum annuum  Solanaceae Cutting/Layering/Seeding
20. Peas Pisum sativum Fabaceae Seeding

2. Differentiate horticultural crops from agronomic crops.

 Horticultural crops include the vegetables, fruits, and nuts which are directly used
by man for food, the flowers and other ornamental plants for aesthetic uses or
visual enjoyment, and those used for medicinal purposes while Agronomic crops
are staple food crops, such as corn, rice, beans, and wheat, which are produced
on a large scale and represent the foundation of our human food supply.
Agronomic crops also include cereal or grain crops; grain legumes or pulses and
oilseed crops for food, feed or industrial use; pasture and forage crops; fiber
crops; sugar crops; and starchy root and tuber crops.

3. Discuss the basis in classifying horticultural crops under the four divisions.
 Horticultural crops are commonly classified according to the similarities in the
methods of culture either Vegetable crops, Fruit Crops, Ornamentals or
Plantation Crops. It can also classify according to their growth habits like vine,
shrub, herb and tree. Also, according to their life span it can be annual, biennial,
or perennials and lastly according to their economic use.

4. Discuss the importance of knowing the scientific names of plants.

 Scientific names are used to describe various species of organisms in a way

that is universal so that scientists around the globe can readily identify the
same animal. This is called binomial nomenclature, and many of the scientific
names are derived from the Latin name of the organism. The scientific name is
broken down into the genus name, which comes first, followed by the specific
species name.
Conclusion
Therefore, I conclude that it is very important to identify and classify horticultural crops
in order to help in identification of related crop plants used for various purposes such as
food, feed and fiber and it is essential for ordinary reference and avoiding confusion in
identification. The major methods of asexual propagation are
cuttings, layering, division, budding and grafting. Cuttings involve rooting a severed
piece of the parent plant; layering involves rooting a part of the parent and then severing
it; and budding and grafting is joining two plant parts from different varieties.

References
https://plantpath.ifas.ufl.edu/extension/solutions-for-your-plants/agronomic-crops/
https://www.cropsreview.com/what-is-horticulture.html#:~:text=Horticulture%20is%20a
%20branch%20of,a%20science%20and%20an%20art.&text=Horticultural%20crops
%20include%20the%20vegetables,those%20used%20for%20medicinal%20purposes.
https://www.google.com/search?
hl=en&biw=1366&bih=610&sxsrf=ALeKk02uJI7Vt9f5_KmKv9egVMjIjTIrrw
%3A1618812784977&lei=cB99YLSYO8OnoASTwYj4BA&q=horticultural
%20classification&ved=2ahUKEwi0kIbI04nwAhXDE4gKHZMgAk8QsKwBKAB6BAgyEA
E
https://www.cropsreview.com/list-of-fruits.html
https://www.google.com/search?
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PdXRkej72ViUad2D-lzjX88bQ%3A1618832159255&ei=H2t9YO-TD5O-
wAO_gYfICg&oq=exa&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAEYADIECCMQJzIECCMQJzIECCMQJ
zIFCAAQkQIyBQgAEJECMgQIABBDMgQIABBDMgQIABBDMgQIABBDMgQIABBDOg
cIIxDqAhAnOgQILhBDOg0IABCHAhCxAxCDARAUOgcIABCHAhAUOgUIABCxAzoFC
C4QsQNQ2egHWJSKCGDxmghoBXACeACAAaEEiAGEFpIBCzAuMi4xLjIuMS4ymAE
AoAEBqgEHZ3dzLXdperABCsABAQ&sclient=gws-wiz
https://ncert.nic.in/vocational/pdf/kegr103.pdf
https://florgeous.com/ornamental-plants/
http://www.kerenvis.nic.in/Database/Crops_1732.aspx#:~:text=The%20term
%20plantation%20crop%20refers,oil%20palm%2C%20palmyrah%20and%20cashew.