 Principles of Interpretations:

1. Literal Interpretation.
Limitations of Literal Interpretation.
(i.) Internal Aids.
 Title.
 Preamble.
 The Headings and Marginal Notes.
 Illustrations.
Sambhu Nath Mehra v State of Ajmer.
 Exceptions/Provisos.
Ali M.K. v State of Kerala.
UOI v. Dileep Kumar Singh.
 Saving Clause.
 Explanations.
S. Sundaram Pillai v. V.R. Pattabiraman
 Schedules.
 Non-obstante Clause
Dominion of India v. Shrinbai A. Irani
(ii.) External Aids.
 Dictionary.
 Translation.
 Travaux Preparatoires.
 Ex Visceribus Actus.

2. Golden Rule of Interpretation.

Kehar Singh v. State (Delhi Admin.)
Kartar Singh v. State of Punjab
A.A. Haja Muniuddian v. Indian Railways.
(Add more cases)

3. Mischief Rule.
Heydon’s Rule
Ranjit D Udeshi v. State of Maharashtra.
 Pyarali K. Tejani v. Mahadeo Ramchandra Dange.
Novartis Ag v. UOI.
Grid Corp. of Orissa Ltd. Eastern Metals & Ferro Alloy.

4. Harmonious Construction.
Yakub Menon Case
Pandit M.S.M. Sharma v. Krishna Sinha
(Add more cases)

5. Rule of Beneficial Construction.

Lucknow Development Auth. V. MK Gupta.
State of Haryana v. Bharti Teletech ltd.
UOI v. Tata Chemicals Ltd.
Mazdoor Sangh v. Usha Breco Management.
Sansar Chand Atri v. State of Punjab.