Startup sequence:

startup nomount(mandatory file is spfiletrng.ora/pfile->initsidname.ora)-

>$ORACLE_HOME/dbs folder
startup nomount pfile='path/inittrng.ora';->instance is started but its not
associated with any databse
BG process started,SGA initilisation and parameter file read done at nomount state.
SQL> alter system set standby_file_management='MANUAL';

System altered.

SQL> alter system set standby_file_management='AUTO';

System altered.

SQL>
SQL> show parameter management

NAME TYPE VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
control_management_pack_access string DIAGNOSTIC+TUNING
standby_file_management string AUTO
undo_management string AUTO
SQL>
alter system set db_unique_name='TRNGG' scope=spfile;
alert log file location->/home/oracle/app/diag/rdbms/trng/TRNG/trace/alert_TRNG.log

alter database mount(mandatory file is control file);-

SQL> alter database mount;

Database altered.

SQL> select name,open_mode from v$database;

NAME OPEN_MODE
--------- --------------------
TRNG MOUNTED

alter database open;

The integrity of datafiles will be checked in this stage if any corruption found
then databse will be remain in mount state only.
Open mode means DB is in read write mode and ready to take connections from user.

all_new_connection
wait_till_current_sessions_end wait_till_all_transaction
force_checkpoint_closefiles
shutdown/shutdown normal(optional) no yes
yes yes
shutdown immediate no no
no yes
shutdown transactional no no
yes yes
shutdown abort no no
no no