INTRODUCTION

Government by the people; a form of government in which the supreme power is vested in the

people and exercised directly by them or by their elected agents under a free electoral system

In a democracy, people who cannot become members of the government because of limited

governmental positions can instead vote for their leaders, who are known as “representatives”

because they must represent the interests of their constituents or they will not be reelected.

Voting is thus the fundamental right within a democratic state, and the state can only be

considered democratic if the majority of its citizens are afforded this right.

It mean to live in a democracy? We are told that democracy is different from a “dictatorship” in

that the citizens of a democracy take part in decision-making, whereas in a dictatorship all

decisions are made by a ruler or small group of rulers. However, in democratic societies, most

people are not members of the government, and they do not have direct control over the

decisions that affect their lives, but still must abide by those decisions. The justifying

rationalization is that advanced human societies cannot function without government, and

therefore citizens enter into a “contract of the governed.” They assent to follow the rules and

honor the decisions of the government, and the government in turn is obligated to protect its

citizens and uphold the common good.

But more certain than our awareness of all these problems is our knowledge that we live in a

democracy, and we can use our rights, and our powers as citizens to make things right.
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

Media Development

The media's role in a democratic system is to provide access to information and a platform for

debate and discussion – be it on the performance of the government, the needs of the people, the

issues affecting a particular country or region, the opinions of civil society leaders and the

programs of political parties, etc. A well-developed media sector ensures transparency and

provides the first element required for government accountability. With the rise of Information

and Communication Technology (ICT), including new Social Media, this sector of democracy

assistance is rapidly changing.

Based on sound political economy analyses that map out both influential actors that may drive

the process forward and potential winners and losers of such processes, in order to avoid efforts

by the latter to thwart progress.

Media for development uses to convey messages on issues such as health care, poverty reduction, good

governance, environmental protection and community development, socio-economic and cultural

development.
The Declaration and the Programme of Action should call for public awareness campaigns to

focus attention on the challenges of social integration and promote the principle of unity in

diversity. These campaigns should make use of the arts and the full range of media, including

television, video, film, radio, electronic networks, books, magazines, posters, flyers, theater and

music. They should enlist the support of the advertising and entertainment industries, the media

-- both traditional and non-traditional -- the entire UN system, all member states, NGOs, and

popular personalities. They should reach homes, the work place, public areas and schools. The

guidelines recommended above for educational programs would also serve these campaigns for

social integration.

The media have both a powerful influence on people's attitudes and perceptions and a weighty

responsibility to contribute to social integration. Currently, a great deal of media attention is

focused on the seemingly insurmountable differences that divide peoples and nations, and little

attention is given to evidence that these differences can be overcome. A serious, global discourse

must be undertaken to explore the use of existing and rapidly emerging media technologies to

foster hope and promote social integration and development. The media have a responsibility to

help people understand that diversity, often a source of conflict, can also be a powerful resource

for social development. An important beginning would be to eliminate stereotyping based on

religion, culture, gender, race, class, nationality and ethnicity from media programming. Then by

focusing on constructive, unifying and cooperative undertakings, the media could demonstrate

humanity's capacity to work together to meet the enormous challenges facing it.

The media should highlight the importance and honor of serving humankind. Through service,

the essential principles of social integration -- including compassion, tolerance, love,

understanding, sacrifice, humility, and commitment to justice -- are manifested in society. Not

only does service provide immediate benefits to the community, but it also creates bonds of

solidarity and common purpose among those involved. According to the Baha'i Writings, peace,

justice and security will only be firmly established in the world when all people "become united

and coordinated in service to the world of humanity."

Unity in diversity, the foundation principle for social integration, could also be promoted --

internationally, nationally and locally -- through the holding of contests and the presentation of

awards by the popular media, schools, civic organizations and governments. The services of the

advertising industry should also be enlisted to promote the fundamental values of social

development.

EDUCATION

Education in every sense is one of the fundamental factors of development. No country can

achieve sustainable economic development without substantial investment in human capital.

Education enriches people’s understanding of themselves and world. It improves the quality
of their lives and leads to broad social benefits to individuals and society. Education raises

People’s productivity and creativity and promotes entrepreneurship and technological

advances. In addition it plays a very crucial role in securing economic and social progress and

improving income distribution.

Keywords in education are Human Development, Economic Growth, Poverty, Labor

Productivity, Education, Technology, Trade, and Health

Education is an important instrument to bring social revolution among all the instruments

education is considered as the most powerful. Education for all, at all levels, and at all ages of

children is the only remedy to bring about the desired social change in Indian society.

The relationship between education and social change takes a dual form-education as an

instrument and education as a product.

This implies that education as an instrument is used as a means for bringing about desired

changes in the society and in the later case changes in the educational structure follows as a

consequence of changes which have already taken place in the society.

Education as a Basic Human Need. It argues that education was considered as a basic human

need as it provides the means for socialization of young and adults.• In popular term food, water,

shelter and health care have given more emphasis in the considerations of human’s basic need,

“Education is the most powerful tool of change. Education gives an individual the capacity

toadapt to change. Education can prepare people for change. Education can initiate change.

Building awareness of the self, society and human welfare more and more rests upon education.

Education is considered the best strategy of initiating, achieving and sustaining progress and
development. Moreover, education can mitigate disparities in society amongst people. In short

Education is the most powerful tool of achieving what we ought to achieve” (Mohottige, 2005).

GOOD GOVERNANCE

Good governance is about the processes for making and implementing decisions. It’s not about

making ‘correct’ decisions, but about the best possible process for making those decisions.

Good decision-making processes, and therefore good governance, share several characteristics.

All have a positive effect on various aspects of local government including consultation policies

and practices, meeting procedures, service quality protocols, councilor and officer conduct, role

clarification and good working relationships.

Good governance as expressed through factors like reliability, predictability and accountability is

increasingly seen as a key factor in ensuring national prosperity. However, many aspects of the

relationship between good governance and national prosperity are still poorly understood and

may indeed vary across countries.

Good governance, which anticipates and responds to the needs of its citizen and evolving

development challenges, with deliberate, targeted, and pro-active planning and delivery, is

essential to getting the business of development done.

Good and effective governance requires governing institutions which are capable of delivering

reliable and quality services where and when they are needed. It requires public administration

which can collect revenues honestly, allocate and invest public funds wisely, and manage public

goods, including land and other natural resources, for the benefit of all.

CONCLUSION

Social Development focuses on the need to “put people first” in development processes. Poverty

is more than low income it is also about vulnerability, exclusion, unaccountable institutions,

powerlessness, and exposure to violence. Social Development promotes social inclusion of the

poor and vulnerable by empowering people, building cohesive and resilient societies, and

making institutions accessible and accountable to citizens.

Working with governments, communities including Indigenous Peoples’ communities, civil

society, and the private sector, Social Development translates the complex relationship between

societies and states into operations. Empirical evidence and operational experience show that

Social Development promotes economic growth and leads to better interventions and a higher

quality of life.
REFERENCE

Burgess, R., Jedwab, R., Miguel, E., & Morjaria, A. (2015). The value of democracy: evidence
from road building in Kenya. The American Economic Review, 105(6), 1817-1851.

Kinuthia, W. (2009). Educational development in Kenya and the role of information and
communication technology. International Journal of Education and Development using ICT,
5(2).

Grindle, M. S. (2004). Good enough governance: poverty reduction and reform in developing
countries. Governance, 17(4), 525-548.