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TEST CODE 02207010

FORM TP2014143 MA YIJUNE 2014
CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL
CARIBBEAN ADVANCED PROFICIENCY EXAMINATION@
BIOl,OOV ., UNIT ~
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READ THE FOLL{H¥ING INSTRUCTIONS CARE FtJLt..Y.

I, This test consists of 45 Items. You win have 1 hour and 30 minutes to answer them.

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'k. •. In addition to this test booklet; you should have an answer sheet,

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4.
Do not b@ccneerned that the answer sheet provides
items in this test.

Each item in this test has four suggested answers lettered (A), (B), (C), (D). Read each item
5paCIj1~ for more answers thsn there arc

. you are about to answer and decide which choice is best.

5. On your answer sheet, find the number which corresponds to your item and shade the space
having the same letter as the answer you have chosen. Look at the sample item below,

Sl)m:pJ~1.UHfl

WI1!Gi1 $( the foUOwlf1/S is Nett a forrfl of

elH~tgy MOf'flge?

(A) xrp S.ill11Pl~lAnswel'

(8) Lipid
(C)
(D)
Alcohol
L~GtiQ acid
_®©®
The best answer to this item is "ATP;s ,so answer space (A) has been shaded.

6. If you want to change y~ur answer, erase it completely and fill in your new choice.
7. Wher you are told to begin, turn the page Hod WOI'k as quickly and as carefully as YOll can.
If you cannot answer an item; omit it and go on to the next one. Your score will be the total
numberof correct answers.
8. You may do any rough work in this booklet.
Figures ate not necessarily drawn to scale.

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10: The use of non-programmable calculators is allowed.
~
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~ DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO.. SO.
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~XO! Copyright © 201 I Caribbean Exarnlnaiions Courtcil.

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 Iteml refers to the following diagram which It.cm.:Lf refers to the following graph which
shows the structure of a chloroplast. shows the effects of increasing light inten-
sity on the rate of photosynthesis.

~.:;e2 ..~ Rate

of
~.
III
7

photosynthesis
1. The photosystems are located in which of the
structures labelled I to IV? .

(A) I
(B) II
(C) III
(D) tV IV
Light Intilri8Uy

2, TIH~ role of the antenna complex in

Photosysterns I and It is to
4. At which of the stages labelled 1,II, III and
IV would light be a limiting factor?
(A) produce oxygen
(A) I
(B) regenerate RuB?
(13) II
(c
) produce carbohydrates
(C) III
(D) collect light energy
(D) IV

3. Which of the following occur in the Calvin

5. Mitochondria in muscle have more cristae
cycle?
than mitochondria in skin cells. What is the
significance of this?
(A) Fixation of carbon dioxide and
production of ATP
(A) Increased surface area for
(B) Fixation of carbon dioxide and
absorption of pyruvate for ATP
regeneration of RuBP
production
(C) Oxidation of NADPH and
(8) Steeper hydrogen ion concentration
production of ATP
gradient in-the mitochondria
(D) Re d u c t i c n of NADP and
(C) Increased surface area for Kreb's
regeneration ofRuBP
cycle reactions
(D) More Al'Pease for ATP production

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02207010/CAPE 2014
> ,

-3-

Items 6-7 refer to the following diagram which shows an outline of glycolysis.

Glucose

Stage 1

Stage 2

Triose 3,..phosphate

Stage 3

Pyruvate

Stage 4

Acetyl coenzyme A

6. Which of the following is the name of Substance X?

(A) ATP
(B) ADP
(C) NAD
(D) NADH

7. Which of the following correctly identifies the location of Stage 4 in a eukaryotic cell?

(A) Cytoplasm
(B) Cristae of mitochondrion
(C) Matrix of mitochondrion
(D) Inter-membranal space of mitochondrion

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 Items 8-9 refer to the following diagram which shows a simple respirometer.

emF· =0..
JPnr"mndrop
X

II fJ;5QJ~g:\ [[5::=:
Q,~l... ~ Syringe

Glass Germinating
tubing beans

8. The chemical at X is MOST likely 9. Which two of the following MOST likely
explain the movement of the paraffin drop
(A) sodium chloride towards the syringe?
(B) sodium carbonate .
(C) potassium hydroxide I. Oxygen is used by the beans.
(D) potassium carbonate II. Carbon dioxide is absorbed by X.
Ill. Oxygen is absorbed by X.
IV. Carbon dioxide is absorbed by the
beans.

(A) I and II
(B) I and Ill
(C) II and IV
(D) III and IV

Item 10 refers to the following diagram of energy flow in a food chain.

1 X 10' kJ •..•.
Autotrophs
1000 kl Herbivore
200 kJ .•.. Primary 40 kJ •.... Secondary
solar energy ". ",.
;"
carnivore carnivore

9000 kJ 800 kJ 160 kJ

\'1 \It \11

I Energy lost as heat, water products and uneaten parts

I
10. Which of the following would represent the total amount of energy acquired by the producer?

(A) 10 kJ
(8) 1 000 kJ
(C) 10000 kJ
(D) 100000 kJ

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02207010/CAPE 2014

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~ I

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it. The way in which the specific environment is exploited by an organlsrn is HI) appropriate definition
for

(A) 11 habltut
(El) sn eccsystem
(C) a trophic level
(D) an eoologlcel niche

[tem 12 refers to the following information.

Ticks are parasites of cows. A single cow can be parasitized by several thousand ticks.
A possible food chain involving ticks is as follows.

[.0;;;]
12. . Which of the following would represent a pyramid of numbers based on the above food chain?

(A) ~ --- ..
. ".'

(B)
·· .

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..' ~.. - . .. -. _. , .. - .

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(C)

s,.
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'". ..,' ,- , -.' ... _.

(D)

g ..

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.....
. . -,

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 Item 13 refers to-the following diagram 16. Which of the following substances are cor-
which shows part of the nitrogen cycle. reetly paired for the cells given in the table?

Nitrogen gas in .
r. Subedn
3~ the atmosphere --l..... II. Lignin
/ Protein in III. Cellulose
Nitrate plants IV. Pectin
iuns.. . ~ ~. -". -- - ._---
~ Nitrite
ions'
.•. .- Protein in
dead plants
(A)
(B)
Endodermls
Guard- cells
-.
1-- and II
I and IV ".",' ...

(C) __ Xylem II and III

-
13. Which of the following shows the types of (D) Phloem III and IV
bacteria that are involved in Steps 1, 2 and
3?
17. In a study of water movement in plants,
Nitrogen-fixing Denitrifying Nitrifying the cut end of a leafy shoot is placed in a
Bacteria Bacteria Bacteria dilute solution of a dye. After a few hours,
(A) 1_. 3 2 deposits of the dye accumulate in the leaves.
... - -.- -- .'- .

(B)
--
2 1 :3
The rate of movement of the dye up the stem
(C) ,-.- ..
3 _ ... _- 1 2 is NOT increased by
(D) 3 2 .. - - -
1 .-,- ..

(A) humidity
14. Which of the following does NOT explain (B) wind speed
how deforestation might increase the fisk (C) temperature
of flooding? (D) darkness

(A) The water cycle is disrupted.

(B) Tree roots bind soil particles
together.
(C) Tree canopies prevent rain beating
down on the soil.
(D) Soil nutrients are lost through
leaching and run-off water.

15. Which of the following is NOT a

conservation method used to maintain
biodiversity?

(A) Sperm bank

(B) - Botanic garden
(C) Protected reserve
(D) Genetic engineering

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02207010/CAPE 2014
 -7 -

Items 18-19 refer to the following diagram lt~ms 21:--22 refer to the following graph
which shows a representation of an electron which shows blood pressure changes in the
micrograph of a transverse section of two heart during the cardiac cycle.
cells in the phloem tissue of the stem of a
plant. 16
Blood 14 ~Ill~.- - - -
pressure 12 r -

(kPa) 10
8 Key
6 -- Left ventricle
4 'j::- ••••••• Left atrium
- - Aorta
o2~ ~'·'h"'
I •• ""'.~ ~r'''' .' " •••..
......•..•.
o 0.1 0.20.30.4 O.S0.6 0.7 0.8 0:9
Time (5)

~Nucleus 21. The atrioventricular valves open at

(A) I
I II (8) II
(C) III
(D) IV
18. The cell labelled I is a

(A) fibre cell 22. At which of the following stages are the
(B) companion cell heart sounds, 'Iub' and 'dub' produced?
(C) parenchyma cell
(D) sieve tube element (A) I and II
(B) I and III
(C) II and III
19. Which ofthe following isNOT an indication (D) II and IV
of how Cell II is specially adapted to its
function?
23. Which of the following structures must be
(A) It is very active metabolically. stimulated to increase heart rate?
(B) The walls are impregnated with
lignin. (A) Vena cava
(C) The end walls are perforated by (8) Sinoatrial node
plasmodesmata. (C) Cardiac muscle
(D) It has an exceptionally high density (D) Atrioventricular node
of mitochondria.

20. Which ofthe following processes faei litates

the loading of sugar into phloem vessels?

(A) Osmosis
(8) Endocytosis
(C) Active transport
(D) Facilitated diffusion
 Item 24 refers to the following graph which 25. Which of the following is an example of
shows the oxygen dissociation curves positive feedback?
of haemoglobin at three different partial
pressures of carbon dioxide. (A) Temperature regulation
Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (mm Hg) (B) Blood glucose regulation

.S 100
..c
o
(
15
--- --
----------~~--------- '\
(C)
(D)
Generation of an action potential
Regulation of water levels in the
body by ADH
~
~ 80
(II
..c:l
.....
c 26. When a decrease in normal blood glucose
1:1
-3 60 concentration is detected, Hormone X is
secreted. What is Hormone Xand precisely
iI>l
iI> 40
where is it produced?
I)!)

Hormone Location
~
X Produced
~ 20
Il-I
(A) Insulin a cells in pancreas
(B) Insulin P cells in pancreas
o 20 40 60 80 100
(C) Glucagon a cells in pancreas
Partial pressure of oxygen (mm Hg)
(D) Glucagon ~ cells in pancreas
24. From the graph, it can be deduced that

(A) at high partial pressures of carbon

dioxide, the rate of release of
oxygen from haemoglobin
increases
(B) at low partial pressures of carbon
dioxide, the rate of release of
oxygen from haemoglobin
increases
(C) at low partial pressures of oxygen,
the rate of release of oxygen
from haemoglobin decreases
(D) at high partial pressures of oxygen,
the rate of release of oxygen
from haemoglobin increases

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022070 IO/CAPE 2014
 -9 -

Item 27 refers to the following diagram of the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule of a nephron.

x
--~
/

27. If the diameter of the blood vessel is made smaller at X, a possible outcome is that

(A) the rate of ultrafiltration will be increased

(B) the rate of ultrafiltration will be decreased
(C) water re-sbaorption will be decreased
(D) the rate of urine production will be reduced

Jtern28 refers to the following graph which !.tew 29. refers to the following
shows the sodium ion concentration as 'fluid photcm lcrograph of 11 human blood smear
passes along the kidney tubule. showing erythrocytes and leucocytes.

'tl 1
~
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ta ~
.•.. ~
x
§ 5 I
o ""
~ ~~
'a ~
~ 0 ~n~I~rL
~~
0 .•••
~ .9 OLI ~ _

Region of tubule

28. The region of the descending loop of Henle 29. The blood cell labelled X is
is
(A) all erythrocyte
(A) I (8) fl.granulocyte
(13) II (C) a lymphocyte
(C) 1Il (D) 11 rncnocyte

(D) IV

n(l (11-..1'T(I 'TUp 1-..ICV'T PA nc

 Item 30 refers to ,the following diagram which shows a synapse, The numbered arrows represent
movement of substances across the neurone membranes,

'(

,rr.",ynaPHC neurone

"7","=' XX" ~

Direction of transmission of action potential

30. Which of the following correctly identifies the substances moving across the membranes at points
1,2,3 and 4?

1 2 3 . - ..
4
(A), K+- Cn2+ Cah Na+
... . ---

",(8) " K+ Na+ . _ ..

,Acetyloholin,e, CaH
(C) Na+ K+ Ca2+ Acetylcholine
(D) Na+ Ca2+ Acetylcholine Na+

Item 31 refers to the following table 32. Which of the following BEST describes
which shows the number of cases of antigens?
dengue haemcrrhagic fever (per 100 000
inhabitants) reported in the Americas for (A) CelI surface proteins that trigger an
200 I and 2002. immune response
(8) Proteins in the cytoplasm that

I
2001 2002 trigger an immune response
5 000 lS 000 (C) Substances produced by pathogens
that trigger an immune response
31. Which of the following represents the (D) Substances produced by the .body
incidence rate for the period 200 1 to 2002? in response to an infection

(A) 0.05
(B) 0.10
(C) 0.15
(D)' 0.20

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02207010/CAPE 2014
 - 11 -

33. A highly malignant tumour linked to 38. The presence of a hormone is used as the
ultraviolet radiation is a basis for a pregnancy test. Which of the
following hormones is present in the urine
(A) sarcoma of a pregnant woman?
(B) melanoma
(C) lymphoma (A) Oestrogen
(D) papilloma (8) Progesterone
(C) Follicle-stimulating hormone
(D) Humanchorionic gonadotropin
34. T-lymphocytes mature in the

(A) bone marrow 39. Cerebral haemorrhage MOST likely

(8) lymph nodes describes
(C) spleen
(D) thymus (A) stroke
(8) angina
(C) hypertension
35. The monomers that make up the heavy and (D) coronary heart disease
light chains of an antibody molecule arejoined
by
40. Which of the following is NOT a health
(A) peptide bonds benefit of exercise?
(8) hydrogen bonds
(C) glycosidic bonds (A) Enhanced utilization of fat
(D) disulphide bonds (8) Speeding up of atherosclerosis
(C) Improved resistance to infection
(D) Reduced risk of coronary heart
36. Which of the following is a possible diseases
response of the immune system to an
invading pathogen?
41. One per cent of the human population is
(A) T-Iymphocytes produce antibodies. not susceptible to HIY. This is due to
(8) B-Iymphocytes produce antigens.
(C) T-lymphocytes become activated. (A) phagocytosis of the v irus by
(D) B-Iymphocytes phagocytose the macrophages .
pathogen. (8) the development of .antibo dies
against the virus
(C) a mutation preventing binding of
37. Passive artificial immunity is effective but HIV to T~cells
only for a short time. Which ofthe following (D) a mutation preventing binding of
is the BEST explanation for this? HIV to B-cells

(A) Antigens are rapidly destroyed.

(8) Antibodies are rapidly broken
down.
(C) Phagocytes have a short life span.
(D) Memory cells have a short life
span.
IJ " , s, ~2. Whichofthe following BEST describes the 44. Which of the following is likely to be the
disease atherosclerosis? MOST effective in preventing a person from >.

becoming infected with.the dengue virus?

(A) Extensive damage to the endothelial
lining of the arteries (A) A poster describing the life cycle
(8) Formation of large blood clots in of the dengue virus
arteries (8) Ensuring that all water storage \,

,,'
(C) Build-up of plaque in the walls of drums are securely covered
arteries (C) Introducing fish into garden ponds
(D) Calcification ofthe walls of arteries (D) Regular personal use of insect
repellents

43. The progressive decrease in response to

a drug as the human body adapts to its 45. Which two stages of alcoholic liver disease
presence is called are reversible?

(A) craving (A) Liver becomes swollen and fatty;

(B) adaptation and liver cirrhosis.
(C) tolerance (8) Liver becomes swollen and fatty,
(D) dependence and inflammation of the liver.
(C) Liver cells are replaced by fibrous
scar tissue, and inflammation of
the liver.
(D) Liver cells are replaced by fibrous
scar tissue, and liver becomes
swollen and fatty.

END OF TEST

IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS TEST.

0220701 O/CAPE 2014