| BS EN

BRITISH STANDARD |
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| 957-1 : 1997
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| Incorporating
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Stationary training |
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Part 1. General safety requirements and |
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test methods |
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The European Standard EN 957-1 : 1996 with the incorporation of its |
amendment A1 : 1998 has the status of a British Standard |
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ICS 97.220.30 |
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NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW |
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Copyright British Standards Institution
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 BS EN 957-1 : 1997 Issue 2, November 1998

Committees responsible for this

British Standard
The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee
SW/136, Sports, playground and other recreational equipment, upon which the
following bodies were represented:

Consumer Policy Committee of BSI

Health and Safety Executive
Home Office

The following bodies were also represented in the drafting of the standard, through
subcommittees and panels:

Association of British Commercial Gymnasium Equipment Manufacturers

Association of Consulting Scientists
British Association of Advisers and Lecturers in Physical Education
British Retail Consortium
British Sports and Allied Industries Federation
Central Young Men's Christian Association (Centymca)
Department of Trade and Industry (Consumer Safety Unit, CA Division)
Fitness Industry Association
Institute of Leisure and Amenity Management
Institute of Trading Standards Administration
Sports Council

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This British Standard, having
been prepared under the
direction of the Consumer
Products and Services Sector
Board, was published under the
authority of the Standards Board
and comes into effect on
15 March 1997

 BSI 1998
Amendments issued since publication
Amd. No. Date Text affected

10127 November Indicated by a sideline in the margin

1998
The following BSI references
relate to the work on this
standard:
Committee reference SW/136
Draft for comment 93/300485 DC

ISBN 0 580 26716 4

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 BS EN 957-1 : 1997
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Contents

Page
Committees responsible Inside front cover
National foreword ii
Foreword 2
Text of EN 957-1 3

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 BS EN 957-1 : 1997 Issue 2, November 1998

National foreword

This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee SW/136 and is the
English language version of EN 957-1 : 1996 Stationary training equipment Ð Part 1:
| General safety requirements and test methods, and its amendment A1 : 1998 published
by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN).
EN 957-1 was produced as a result of international discussions in which the United
Kingdom took an active part.
Cross-references
Publication referred to Corresponding British Standard
EN 292 BS EN 292 Safety of machinery. Basic concepts, general
principles for design
Part 1 : 1991 Basic terminology, methodology
Part 2 : 1991 Technical principles and specifications
ISO 4287-2 : 1987 BS 6741 Glossary of surface roughness terms
Part 2 : 1987 Measurement of surface roughness parameters
IEC 335-1 : 19761) BS 3456 Specification for safety of household and similar
electrical appliances
Part 101 : 1987 General requirements
IEC 601-1 : 1988 BS 5724 Medical electrical equipment
Part 1 : 1989 General requirements for safety
(BS EN 60601-1 : 1990)

| A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
|
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contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.

|
|

1) Second edition. The latest edition of IEC 335-1 is the third edition, dated 1991.

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 EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 957-1
NORME EUROPEÂENNE May 1996

EUROPAÈISCHE NORM + A1
April 1998

ICS 97.220.30

Descriptors: sport equipment, gymnastic equipment, fixed equipment, safety, designation, tests, maintenance, assembling, utilization,
marking

English version

Stationary training equipment Ð

Part 1: General safety requirements and test methods
(includes amendment A1 : 1998

Appareils d'entraõÃnement fixes Ð StationaÈre TrainingsgeraÈte Ð

Partie 1: Exigences geÂneÂrales de seÂcurite et Teil 1: Allgemeine sicherheitstechnische
meÂthodes d'essai Anforderungen und PruÈfverfahren
(inclut l'amendement A1 : 1998) (enthaÈlt AÈnderung A1 : 1998)

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1996-04-19; amendment A1 was

approved by CEN on 1998-03-23. CEN members are bound to comply with the
CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards
may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German).
A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a
CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the
same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands,
Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

CEN
European Committee for Standardization
Comite EuropeÂen de Normalisation
EuropaÈisches Komitee fuÈr Normung

Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels

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 1996 Copyright reserved to CEN members

Ref. No. EN 957-1 : 1996 + A1:1998

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 Page 2 Issue 2, November 1998
EN 957-1 : 1996

Foreword This standard consists of the following parts: |

This European Standard has been prepared by the EN 957-1: General safety requirements and test |
Technical Committee CEN/TC 136, Sports, playground methods |
and other recreational equipment, of which the EN 957-2: Strength training equipment, additional |
secretariat is held by DIN. specific safety requirements and test |
This European Standard shall be given the status of a methods |
national standard, either by publication of an identical EN 957-4: Strength training benches, additional |
text or by endorsement, at the latest by specific safety requirements and test |
November 1996, and conflicting national standards methods |
shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 1996.
EN 957-5: Pedal crank training equipment, |
This standard consists of the following Parts: additional specific safety requirements |
and test methods |
EN 957-1 General safety requirements and test
prEN 957-6: Tread mills, additional specific safety |
methods
requirements and test methods |
EN 957-2 Strength training equipment, prEN 957-7: Rowing machines, additional specific |
additional specific safety
requirements and test methods
safety requirements and test methods |
prEN 957-8: Stair climbers and steppers, additional |
EN 957-4 Strength training benches, additional specific safety requirements and test |
specific safety requirements and test
methods
methods |
EN 957-5 Pedal crank training equipment, Part 3 has been amalgamated with part 2 after CEN |
additional specific safety Enquiry. |
requirements and test methods The amendment 1 to EN 957-1 modified the former
prEN 957-6 Tread mills, additional specific safety text of 5.2.3b. |
requirements and test methods According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, |
prEN 957-7 Rowing machines, additional specific the national standards organizations of the following |
safety requirements and test methods countries are bound to implement this European |
Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, |
prEN 957-8 Stair climbers and steppers, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, |
additional specific safety Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, |
requirements and test methods Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. |
Part 3 has been amalgamated with Part 2, after CEN
Enquiry. Contents
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations,
the national standards organizations of the following Page
countries are bound to implement this European Foreword 2
Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Introduction 3
Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,
Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, 1 Scope 3
Switzerland and the United Kingdom. 2 Normative references 3
3 Definitions 3
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| Foreword to amendment A1 4 Classification 4

| This amendment EN 957-1 : 1996 + A1 : 1998 to EN 5 Safety requirements 4
| 957-1 : 1996 has been prepared by Technical 6 Test methods 6
| Committee CEN/TC 136, Sports, playground and other 7 Care and maintenance 7
| recreational equipment, the secretariat of which is
| held by DIN. 8 Assembly instructions 7
| This Amendment to the European Standard 9 General instructions for use 7
| EN 957-1 : 1996 shall be given the status of a national 10 Marking 7
| standard, either by publication of an identical text or
| by endorsement, at the latest by October 1998, and
| conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
| the latest by October 1998.

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 Page 3
EN 957-1 : 1996

Introduction ISO 6508 Metallic materials Ð Hardness test Ð

This Part of EN 957 (hereinafter called the General Rockwell test (scales A±B±C±D±E±
Standard) specifies safety requirements that are F±G±H±K)
generally applicable to stationary training equipment. ISO 8793 Steel wire ropes Ð Ferrule-secured eye
For specific types of equipment, these requirements are terminations
supplemented or modified by the requirements of IEC 335-1 Safety of household and similar
specific standards which have been issued as electrical appliances Ð
additional Parts of this standard. Part 1: General requirements
Where specific standards exist, this General Standard
IEC 601-1 Medical electrical equipment Ð
should not be used alone. Special care is required in
Part 1: General requirements for
applying this General Standard alone to equipment for
safety
which no specific standard has yet been published.

1 Scope 3 Definitions
This standard specifies general safety requirements for For the purposes of this standard, the following
stationary training equipment during use, unless definitions apply.
modified in the other Parts of this European standard. 3.1 stationary training equipment (hereinafter
It also specifies a classification system (see clause 4). referred to as training equipment)
This standard is applicable to all stationary training Equipment that is not moved as a unit during use, and
equipment as defined in 3.1. This includes equipment which either stands on the floor or is attached to a
for use in training areas of organizations such as sport wall, ceiling or other fixed structure.
associations, educational establishments, hotels, sports NOTE. Training equipment can be used for the following:
halls, clubs and studios (class S) where access and a) physical culture, body building or body styling;
control is specifically regulated by the owner (person
who has the legal responsibility), equipment for b) health fitness training;
domestic use (class H) and other types of equipment c) physical education; and
including motor driven equipment. d) training specific to competition and related sports
The requirements of a specific standard takes priority activities.
over the corresponding requirements of this General 3.2 training area
Standard.
Area in which the user and equipment can move when
This standard does not apply to stationary training the equipment is used.
equipment intended for use by children.
NOTE. The training area can be utilized to deny third-party access
NOTE. In the event that the stationary training equipment is used to dangerous parts of the equipment.
for medical purposes, it may be covered by the provisions of the
Council Directive for medical devices, in addition to the 3.3 accessible hand and foot area (hereinafter
requirements of this standard. referred to as accessible area)
Area accessible to user or third party when the
2 Normative references equipment is in normal use, during setting-up, grasping,
This European Standard incorporates by dated or correcting pieces of equipment or the position of the
undated reference, provisions from other publications. body.
These normative references are cited at the 3.4 reverse force
appropriate places in the text and the publications are
Yielding force (eccentric force) when lowering load.
listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent
amendments to or revisions of any of these 3.5 range of movement
publications apply to this European Standard only Space in which the user or part of the user is moving
when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For according to the instructions.
undated references the latest edition of the publication
referred to applies. 3.6 dynamic direction
Direction in which the tilting force is applied during a
EN 292 Safety of machinery Ð Basic normal exercise.
concepts Ð General principles for
design 3.7 intrinsic loading
ISO 4287-2 Surface roughness Ð Terminology Ð Loading due to user's body mass.
Part 2: Measurement of surface 3.8 extrinsic loading
roughness parameters Loads additional to the user's body mass.

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 Page 4
EN 957-1 : 1996
3.9 maximum specified load
The maximum load specified by the manufacturer.
3.10 ergometer
Any piece of training equipment that measures the
input of power in watts with a specific accuracy as
defined in the specific Part of the standard.
NOTE. This term can only be used for training equipment which
fulfils this condition.
3.11 speed-dependent training equipment
Training equipment which has a braking torque directly
proportional to the operation speed.
3.12 speed-independent training equipment
Training equipment where braking torque and speed
are independent variables.
3.13 power-driven training equipment
Training equipment which is driven by external power.
4 Classification
4.1 General
Equipment shall be classified in accordance with
accuracy and usage class as described in 4.2 to 4.4.
4.2 Types
The type numbers used in the specific Parts are taken
from the Part numbers.
NOTE. For example:
Type 2: strength training equipment as defined in EN 957-2.
4.3 Accuracy classes
4.3.1 Class A: high accuracy and additional endurance
requirements.
4.3.2 Class B: medium accuracy and additional
endurance requirements.
NOTE. Class B training equipment has a defined level of
reproducibility of the load stages.
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4.3.3 Class C: minimum accuracy.
NOTE. Class C training equipment has no performance indicator
or braking specified.
4.4 Usage classes
4.4.1 Class S (Studio): professional and/or commercial
use.
NOTE. Such training equipment is for use in training areas of
organizations such as sport associations, educational
establishments, hotels, clubs and studios, where access and
control is specifically regulated by the owner (person who has the
legal responsibility).
4.4.2 Class H (Home): domestic use.
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5 Safety requirements
NOTE. Concerning flammability, there may be regulations with
which the products should comply.
5.1 Stability of free-standing equipment
When tested in accordance with 6.3, the training
equipment shall not fall over.
5.2 External construction
5.2.1 Edges
All edges and corners of surfaces supporting bodies
shall have a radius r > 2,5 mm.
All other edges of components which are accessible to
the user or third party shall be free of burrs, rounded
or protected in some other way.
Test in accordance with 6.1.1.
5.2.2 Tube ends
When tested in accordance with 6.1.2, accessible tube
ends shall be closed off either by parts of the
equipment or by plugs.
The plugs shall remain in position at the end of the
endurance load test (as specified in specific Parts of
the standard).
5.2.3 Squeeze, shear, rotating and reciprocating
points within the accessible area
For accessible areas up to a height of 1800 mm, when
tested in accordance with 6.1.1 and 6.1.2, the distance
between movable parts and adjacent movable or rigid
parts shall be not less than 60 mm except as follows:
a) if the fingers only are put at risk, the distance
shall be not less than 25 mm;
b) if the distance between moving part and rigid part
does not change during movement, the distance shall
be not more than 9,5 mm; |
c) if appropriate stops and safety devices are
provided in the training area;
d) if uncontrolled access by a third party is
prevented by the user's body position and where the
user is able to immediately stop the movement.
NOTE. This specification is designed to protect the hand and
fingers from injury. Injury to other body parts is considered
unlikely.
5.2.4 Weights
When tested in accordance with 6.1.2 and 6.1.4, the
movement of all weights attached to training
equipment shall be limited to that required for the
performance of the exercise.
NOTE 1. This may be achieved by appropriate design.
NOTE 2. An example of an undesirable characteristic is
uncontrolled pendulum swing.
Stacked weights shall move freely and return to the
resting point except when displaced intentionally.
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 Page 5
EN 957-1 : 1996

5.3 Safety mechanisms 5.5.2 Wire ropes and pulleys

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When tested in accordance with 6.1.2 and 6.1.4,
training equipment not primarily designed to prevent
the user from getting into, or to allow the user to
escape from, an overstressed situation, shall be fitted
with means of allowing the user to escape.
NOTE. This can be achieved by inclusion of stop devices,
pre-stretch lever and weight relief mechanisms.
5.4 Adjustment and locking mechanisms
When tested in accordance with 6.1.2 and 6.1.4,
adjustment facilities on the training equipment shall
function securely, be conspicuous and safely accessible
to the user. The possibility of inadvertent alteration
shall be eliminated.
Adjustment components such as knobs and levers shall
not interfere with the user's range of movement.
Weight selection pins shall be fitted with a fail-safe
locking mechanism.
The proper function of any locking mechanism shall be
clearly self-evident.
5.5 Ropes, belts and chains
5.5.1 General
Ropes, belts and chains shall have a safety factor
against breakage of six times the maximum possible
tension that can be developed.
NOTE 1. Attachment devices include snap links and shackles.
When the tension developed is lower than the limit
value specified in this standard, the equipment shall be
tested at that limit.
When tested in accordance with 6.4, the ropes shall
not break and shall be capable of normal function.
NOTE 2. Normal function means no disconnection and no obvious
damage.
5.5.2.1 Wire ropes shall be made of galvanized or
corrosion-resistant wires. Test in accordance
with 6.1.5.
When tested in accordance with 6.1.1, the rope
nominal diameter (d) shall be related to the groove
radius (r) of the pulley as follows:
the groove radius, r, shall lie within the range:
d d
+ 5 % to + 15 %
2 2
with d
+ 10 % as the optimum value.
2
5.5.2.2 The depth of the profile of the groove shall
not be less than 1,5 times the nominal diameter of the
rope (see figure 1). The profiles at the bottom of the
groove shall be circular over an angle of
approximately 120Ê.
For wire ropes, the pulley diameter shall be at
least 18 times that of the nominal rope diameter.
Test in accordance with 6.1.1.
5.5.2.3 Ferrules of wrought aluminium alloys shall be
made in accordance with ISO 8793.
The rope ends shall be clamped flush with the
clamping edge to +20 mm.
On inspection, the rope ends shall be clearly visible.
Pressed connections shall not be subjected to bending.
Wire rope grips shall only be used behind casings or
similar protective devices.
Test in accordance with 6.1.2.

Key
a overall diameter of sheave
b tread diameter
d diameter of the rope including coating if fitted
r groove radius
Dimensions in mm

Figure 1. Pulley design

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 Page 6
EN 957-1 : 1996

5.5.3 Rope guides

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6 Test methods
The possibility of rope becoming laterally disengaged 6.1 General
or detached shall be prevented by rope guides.
6.1.1 Dimensional check
Test in accordance with 6.1.2 and 6.1.4.
6.1.2 Visual examination
5.6 Pull-in points
6.1.3 Tactile examination
Pull-in points in rope and belt drives up to 1800 mm
height shall be protected so that the user's hand, when 6.1.4 Performance test
extended, cannot be caught up. Rope and belt drives 6.1.5 Manufacturer's certificate
of a surface pressure # 90 N/cm2 are excluded from 6.2 Test conditions
this requirement. All testing shall be performed under the following
NOTE. This can be achieved by ensuring that the angle between
the rope and the guard is not less than 50Ê.
conditions:
Test in accordance with 6.1.4. a) temperature of (23 ± 5) ÊC;
Chain pull-in points and gears shall be protected in b) relative humidity of 55 % to 75 %.
accordance with EN 292. 6.3 Stability test
For flywheels, the test finger shall not become trapped Carry out the test with a secured test person of
when tested in accordance with 6.5. (100 ± 5) kg:
5.7 Handgrips ± at 10Ê in the dynamic direction, and
± at 5Ê in all other directions,
5.7.1 Integral handgrips
while all exercises are carried out in the most adverse
When tested in accordance with 6.1.2, integral
conditions of use (maximum range of movement and
handgrips shall be marked as to position (for normal maximum load).
use) and textured to prevent slipping.
6.4 Determination of breaking load of ropes,
5.7.2 Applied handgrips belts and chains
When tested in accordance with 6.6, applied handgrips Measure maximum tension developed with the
shall not be removed. maximum specified load. Then apply the tensile test
5.7.3 Rotating handgrips with linear increasing load up to six times the
Rotating handgrips shall be secured with a mechanical maximum tension measured.
locking device and shall have a textured surface to 6.5 Testing of flywheels
prevent hand slipping. Insert the test finger in accordance with figure 2, from
Test in accordance with 6.1.2 and 6.1.4. all sides, to possible entrapment points between drive
5.8 Electrical safety and transmission elements, dynamically.
Concerning electrical and electronic aspects of training Do not introduce the test finger beyond the edge of the
equipment, IEC 335-1 and, for medical devices, protective covering.
IEC 601-1, shall be considered. Determine whether the test finger becomes trapped.

Key
1 Handle
Ra value # 0,40 mm (when tested in accordance with ISO 4287-2)
Surface hardness $ HRC 40 (measured in accordance with ISO 6508)

Dimensions in millimetres

Figure 2. Test finger

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6.6 Determination of removable force of applied
handgrips
Apply a force of 70 N carefully to the handgrip by
means of an appropriate pulling device.
6.7 Test report
The test report shall include at least the following
information:
a) name and address of testing laboratory, and
location where the test was carried out when
different from the address of the test laboratory;
b) unique identification of report (such as serial
number) and of each page, and total number of
pages of the report;
c) name and address of client;
d) description and identification of the test item;
e) date of receipt of test item and date(s) of
performance of test;
f) identification of the test specification, or
description of the method or procedure;
g) description of sampling procedure, where
relevant;
h) any deviations, additions or exclusions from the
test specification, and any other information relevant
to a specific test;
i) measurements, examinations and derived results,
supported by tables, graphs, sketches and
photographs as appropriate, and any failures
identified;
j) a statement on measurement uncertainty (where
relevant);
k) a signature and title, or an equivalent marking, of
person(s) accepting technical responsibility for the
test report and date of issue;
l) a statement to the effect that the test results relate
only to the items tested.
7 Care and maintenance
Care and, if applicable, maintenance advice, shall be
provided with each piece of equipment. The advice
shall include:
a) a warning notice to the effect that the safety level
of the equipment can be maintained only if it is
examined regularly for damage and wear, e.g. ropes,
pulleys, connection points;
b) advice to replace defective components
immediately and/or keep the equipment out of use
until repair;
c) special attention to components most susceptible
to wear.
8 Assembly instructions
If the training equipment requires assembly, a manual
shall be supplied (in the national language), giving
clear and accurate assembly instructions relating to the
training equipment.
If the training equipment requires assembly, then a list
of tools needed shall be provided.
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Page 7
EN 957-1 : 1996
If the training equipment requires assembly, then a
comprehensive parts list shall be supplied, including
identifying part numbers.
When training equipment is fixed, e.g. to a wall, full
assembly instructions shall be provided. The
manufacturer shall indicate the recommended
minimum values (forces) that the wall fixings have to
withstand.
9 General instructions for use
Each item of training equipment shall be accompanied
by instructions for use for the owner, in the national
language, or in the three CEN languages, including at
least the following information:
a) a customer service address;
b) indication of field of application;
c) information on the correct use of the equipment
and its features, with the emphasis on safety,
including guidelines on the free space required for
safe operation and the importance of keeping
unsupervised children away from the equipment;
d) exercise instructions with advice with regard to
correct biomechanical positioning of the user on the
training equipment. A warning indicating that injuries
to health may result from incorrect or excessive
training. Instructions shall be given in respect of
every major exercise type for which the equipment
is designed;
e) texts concerning difficult or complicated
manoeuvres shall be accompanied by illustrations;
f) design illustration;
g) warning that any of the adjustment devices should
not be left projecting;
h) stable base and levelling of uneven floor;
i) setting of the load and adjustment.
10 Marking
Training equipment shall be permanently marked with
the following minimum information:
a) name or trademark of the manufacturer, supplier
or importer;
b) maximum weight load for the individual exercise
stations (if applicable);
c) class S or H and/or A, B, or C; the classes shall be
combined (e.g. SA) if both classes are specified in
that Part of the standard;
d) individual code number (which contains
information about type and year of manufacture).
If necessary, warning notices in the national language
shall be provided for permanent fixing to the training
equipment.
Compliance with this standard may be displayed by the
manufacturer at his own responsibility by the
additional indication of EN 957 in connection with the
letter symbol of the class designation (class S or H).
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 BS EN 957-1 : 1997

List of references

See national foreword.

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