The electricity demand in the country is expected to grow rapidly and almost double by 2030.

To
support this increasing energy demand the government has focused on expanding our energy mix and
incentivised installation on non-fossil fuel-based energy generation plants to meet the current and
future requirements. Understandably, manage the rapid complexities arising out of the increase in
demand as well as generation capacities the country would need to shift en-mass towards establishing
a robust smart electricity grid in the country.

Digitally augmented smart electricity grids will help to automate and manage the increasing intricacies
on the supply as well as the demand side. Smart grids will not only help in smartly integrating
renewable energy but would be extremely helpful in reducing AT&C losses. With the reduction in AT&C
losses, the crisis in the power distribution sector can be alleviated, and the DISCOMS can become
efficient.

Data from public sector undertaking Energy Efficiency Services Ltd (EESL) shows that utilities have
smart metering infrastructure showed 95% billing efficiency during the lockdown in the first quarter of
this fiscal year, and were additional able to generate 15-20% more revenue per meter.

There is already a push from government as well as power sector to replace conventional electricity
meters into prepaid smart meter. Government of India has shown considerable focus on smart
metering and Energy Efficiency Services Ltd.’s (EESL) Smart Meter National Programme aims to
retrofit 250 million conventional meters with smart variants in the coming years.

Advanced Smart Metering Infrastructure provides a reliable and effective solution Large-scale
adoption of smart metering solutions can quickly ramp up collection efficiency for the DISCOMS. AMI
enables two-way communications with customers, remote meter reading for error-free data, identifying
network problems; load profiling, energy audit and partial load curtailment in place of load shedding.

From the perspective of DISCOMS and utility, a major driver pushing for quick adoption of smart meters is the
reduction in AT&C loss. At the same time, it allows for seamless online billing process, real time tracking of
electricity usage, and reduction of billing errors.

DISCOMs will also get the advantage of tracking inefficient points of losses and unauthorized usage of
electricity network while also analyzing and predicting energy requirement. With real time sharing of data on
energy usage will help in keeping the energy grid balanced and better managed. Additionally, smart meters
enable time of day metering and thus contribute to the better integration of renewable power in India’s energy
mix.

From the consumer point of view, smart metering infrastructure enhances consumer satisfaction through better
grievance management, system stability, reliability and transparency. Consumers can access real time
information on energy consumption in an in-home display unit, thus allowing consumers to under stand their
energy use that can translate into energy and capital savings for the consumers.

Today’s smart metering technology is rapidly evolving to cater to the ever growing need of the power segment,
at the time smart metering technology can be effectively used to monitor water and piped cooking gas
connections as well. For smart meters the emerging possibilities are immense and lot of technological innovation
are being undertaken to make the smart meters more and more smarter. With the capacity to harness and process
more and more data, smart meters are becoming more and more advanced and efficient.

Cellular technology is rapidly advancing and smart meters with 2G & 3G technologies are no longer capable of
supporting the data speeds for modern communications. Latest technological research and innovation in smart
metering technology are looking for solutions such as 4G and LTE, Narrow-Band IoT (NB-IoT) for new
generation smart meters. These cellular technologies are significantly better and offer higher density, making
better use of available spectrum and at offer faster speeds and high level of scalability.

While there are tremendous advantages of smart meters, there are some potential security challenges, such as
ranging from privacy breach to state-sponsored cyber-attacks that need to taken into consideration while rapidly
adopting smart meter technology. Enhanced security protocols, advanced encryption and management Systems
specifically designed for smart energy grid must be designed taking into consideration the cyber security
challenges faced by India.

With the eagerness of the government to bring in reforms to the power sector, easily availability of resources,
renewed thrust on ‘aatmanirbhar’ manufacturing, and urgency to revive ailing DISCOMS, makes the switch to
advanced smart metering infrastructure more viable today and is absolutely the need of the hour. Smart metering
is the quickly becoming the new norm in the power and utility industry. Already traditional metering system
with manual data collection becoming obsolete and with further the advancement of IoT technology, it is only a
matter of time to implement advanced smart metering infrastructure across the length and breadth of a country.
Future Scope in Smart Grid 1Rucha Vilasrao Deshmukh, 2 Sunita A Upasani Assistant professor Electrical
Engineering Department MMCOE Pune, India ABSTRACT: The smart grid mission increases the
involvement of customer in the power supplying system. The opportunity of service contributor has
been limited in the power transmission and distribution systems across the world. However the wish to
improve the service quality of the power delivery, system has led to incorporation of new features in the
system. Smart grid is consider as the next generation power grid, which supply bi-directional flow of
electricity and information, with better power grid reliability, security, and efficiency of electrical system
from generation to transmission and to distribution. As smart grid continues to develop, realization of a
reliable and stable system is necessary. This paper reviews on the future scope in smart grid and failure
in protection mechanism. Keywords: smart grid, ANN, power system, wireless communication Smart
Grid Structure A smart grid structure is shown below. It consists of four subsections which are
generation, transmission, distribution and control network. Each network interconnected from various
locations, information exchange and communicates through smart communication subsystem such as
an access point with wired or wireless communication infrastructure. smart information subsystem such
as a smart meter, sensor and phasor measurement unit (PMU) gives Rough information on the network.
The control network such as the electric utility control center performed Real time network monitoring,
management and control. When dispersed generation (DG) (renewable energy resources) is embedded
a distribution network can be an individual, that allowing electricity supply from both DG and utility. The
smart grid is a network of computers and power support that examine power system parameters and
control energy usage. In the present scenario higher reliability is expected with dramatically different
and challenging design criteria. Consumers are more responsive to outages, low voltage and harmonic
issues. A smart meter is the intelligent electronic device at each consumer end. Each smart meter
contains a processor, nonvolatile storage and communication facilities. 3. The mission of the ideal smart
grid is Superior more efficient and more flexible use of the network Price cutting for network use
Introduction of more customer options including time of day charge Improve Power quality, especially in
voltage control and voltage sag impact Self healing to five better reliability. ISSN: 2455-2631 © May
2016 IJSDR | Volume 1, Issue 5 IJSDR1605103 International Journal of Scientific Development and
Research (IJSDR) www.ijsdr.org 541 4. Smart Grid Objectives Objectives of smart grid are as follows: The
objectives are to provide grid observability, controllability of assets, enhance power system
performance and security, reduction in operating cost, maintenance and system planning. To
accommodate a wide variety of generation centralized and distributed, intermittent and dispatchable.
To communicate with energy management system in smart buildings to enable customers to manage
their energy use and reduce their energy cost. To provide improved power quality to the users. To
provide real time information, lower operation cost and electricity available to everyone. To use
information technology for monitoring and control to optimize its capital and operational cost. To
predict and instantly respond to system problems in order to avoid power outages and power quality
problems. To make the nation energy independent. To provide employment. Smart Grids is not felt to
be a necessity only for the integration of distributed generation, renewable energy sources and plug-in
(hybrid) cars into the electricity grid but also for active participation of consumers for improvements in
overall system efficiency, meet the peak demand without investment in generation and variable pricing
system. Failure in protection Mechanism If there is any failure in protection mechanism network then it
is required to restore network from failure to normal operation in the fastest possible time. This
protection mechanism can be divided into two topics as identification, diagnosis and recovery of failure
& predication and prevention of failure. 1. Identification, diagnosis and recovery of failure - If failure
occurred , it must be indentified quickly in the shortest possible time to avoid future damaging or
cascading of event. 2. predication and prevention of failure. In this subsection, the protection
mechanism briefly reviewed. . Failure to Predict and Prevent: In smart grid to locate weak points is also
one approach to predict the failure location. Chertkov et al., [9] have developed an approach to
efficiently predict power grid weak points, and identify probable failure mode in static load distribution
In preventing network failure instead of accurate predicting the weak point accurate forecasting of short
circuit fault and its magnitude in smart grid are also essential. In power distribution systems to perform
short-circuit current forecast, Chen [02] implemented the artificial neural network (ANN). The algorithm
was verified on hardware system based on TMS320F2812-DSP and the formulated model was
demonstrated through computer simulation In the shortest possible time the algorithm was verified to
be efficient in predicting the magnitude of short circuit Failure to Identify, Diagnose and Recover: If
there is any failure in the system it is necessary to indentify in the shortest possible time, so that further
damaging or cascading is to be avoided. Again when fault is cleared then the system must be
resynchronized and restored quickly to normal operation. , based on the design of Petri Net (PN) theory
Calderaro et al., [10] presented a method to identify and localize failure in smart grid. By using matrix
operation, from the captured modeling data in distribution network we can detects the failure in data
transmission and fault in distribution network. they have verified the method In their research, with two
case studies while avoiding occurrence of cascading failures in power system protection ,described its
effectiveness and identify the method is useful to erase more complexity associated in data analysis and
permit quick assessment and evaluation of information. As per their research the proposed detection
strategy is regular with the current trend and direction in smart grid development. So, that they were
looking ahead on the model to be accepted in smart grid protection. Conclusion: - Technology or science
could have not been possibly developed without electricity. In future, electricity demand is continue to
grow further, to provide the power quality and to achieve the rising demand economically, more power
generation is needed at centralized level or at distribution level. But there are various problems
associated with effective functioning of the electric grids which cause a serious loss of power and even
create severe scarcity in future. Also the latest advancements in generation of electricity from
renewable sources also require a means for effective utilization.
II. LITERATURESURVEY A new concept of energy meter will be discussed, where maximum demand of
energy of a consumer will be indicated in the meter used by the consumer. After exceeding the
maximum demand, the meter and hence the connection will automatically be disconnected by an
embedded system inserted in the meter itself [1] . GSM MODULE SIM 300 is used to produce
communication between load circuit and utility side. We actually have used max232 along with DB9
connector to interface it [2] . The system consists of the electricity meter which measures the electricity
bill and informs the consumer about the number of units consumed and associated costs with it. The
microcontroller coordinates the whole system with the help of its different components connected to it