Qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyu

iopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfg
hjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcv
PROGRAMMING IN
bnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwe
LINUX
rtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopa
sdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklz
ENVIRONMENT
xcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmq
wertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuio
pasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghj
HOMEWORK - 1
klzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbn
mqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwerty
uiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdf
SUBMITTED BY:
SUVIGYA PANDEY
RA1901B30
mqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwerty
uiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdf
ghjmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqw
 Part-A

1. What’s need of dual boot system?

Ans:
A dual boot system is an operating system configuration that
enables the user to boot the computer system from one of two
different operating systems that are both installed on the same hard
drive. So due to this facility, user can keep and use operating
systems according to need.
Another need is that many softwares needs different operating
systems, installing more than one OS could be beneficial.
For example: Installing windows and linux on the same system is
an example of dual boot system.

2. What is the role of boot loaders?

Ans:
Every dual boot system needs a dual boot loader to choose from
the list of installed operating systems. Boot loader allows the user
to select the operating system to boot. Ex: GRUB

3. Compare & contrast between Windows vs. Linux

Operating system?
Ans:
Difference between Windows and Linux operating systems are-
 Windows operating systems are based on DOS, whereas
Linux is based on UNIX. MS Windows Graphical User
Interface (GUI) is based on Microsoft-own marketing-
 driven specifications. Linux GUI is based on industry-
standard network-transparent X-Windows.
 Linux is far more better than Windows in network features,
as a development platform, in data processing
capabilities, and as a scientific workstation
 Linux is customizable but windows is not. i.e. we can
modify linux and redistribute it but windows cannot be
modified.
 Linux is more secure than Windows , one great proof for
this statement is that linux is not affected by viruses at
all.

Part-B
4. Give command to perform following operations:

1. Create a directory tree under Home directory

Ans: $ mkdir tree

2. Display Current Working directory?

Ans: $ pwd

3. Display the name of user’s Home directory using environment

variables?
Ans: $ echo $HOME

4. Allow all group users to modify the contents of ABC.txt file?

Ans: $ chmod g+x ABC.txt

5. Which command can be used to see the different environment

variables in linux.
Ans: $ env
 5. Discuss the features of Default GUI Editors Installed with
Gnome & KDE Environments?
Ans:
Some of the default GUI editors are :
VI
GEDIT
EMACS

 VI :
vi is a family of screen-oriented text editors which share certain
characteristics, such as methods of invocation from the
operating system command interpreter, and characteristic user
interface features. Vi works in two main modes, one for editing
text and the other for giving commands:
Regular mode: This is the mode you enter whenever you open a file.
This mode allows typing commands.

Insertion mode: This mode makes it possible to insert characters you

capture inside of the document. To switch to insertion mode, just
press the key Insert on your keyboard or, by default, the key i.

 GEDIT : gedit is the official text editor of

the GNOME desktop environment.

While aiming at simplicity and ease of use, gedit is a powerful

general purpose text editor.
Currently it features:

 Full support for internationalized text (UTF-8)

  Configurable syntax highlighting for various languages (C,
C++, Java, HTML, XML, Python, Perl and many others)
 Undo/Redo
 Editing files from remote locations
 File reverting
 Clipboard support (cut/copy/paste)
 A complete online user manual

gedit features also a flexible plugin system which can be used to

dynamically add new advanced features to gedit itself.

 EMACS :

GNU Emacs is an extensible, customizable text editor—and

more. At its core is an interpreter for Emacs Lisp, a dialect of the Lisp
programming language with extensions to support text editing. The
features of GNU Emacs include:

 Content-sensitive editing modes, including syntax coloring,

for a variety of file types including plain text, source code, and
HTML.
 Complete built-in documentation, including a tutorial for
new users.
 Full Unicode support for nearly all human languages and
their scripts.
 Highly customizable, using Emacs Lisp code or a graphical
interface.
 A large number of extensions that add other functionality,
including a project planner, mail and news reader, debugger
interface, calendar, and more. Many of these extensions are
distributed with GNU Emacs; others are available separately.
6. Discuss how we can create the user and group in CLI
(command line interface ) and GUI(graphical user interface).

Ans:

To create group in CLI we have to use the groupadd command.

Syntax:
groupadd group-name
We can create user in a group in CLI by the “useradd” command. The
syntax is as follows:
useradd -G {group-name} username

FOR EXAMPLE:
We have to make a group animal and „tiger‟ as a user in that group.
groupadd animal
useradd –G animal tiger

To create group in GUI mode, we have to do the following steps:

1. Open user settings from the panel
2. Click on manage groups and give the required details

3. Then create a user in that group as shown:

SUBMITTED BY:
SUVIGYA PANDEY
RA1901B30