Week 4.

Morphological Dimensions

박소현
• Morphological Dimensions of
Urban Design:

layout and configuration of

urban form and space

• 2 types of urban space system

– Traditional vs. Modernist
• Urban blocks & urban block structures:
– Lot pattern, street pattern, building, use
• Pre-industrial cities
• cf) Traditional cities …….. gradual, continuity

• Industrial cities
• Modernism ………………radical, secession
• cf) Modernist urbanism

• Post-Industrial cities
• New Modernism ……….’big architecture’
• cf) Post modernism
• New Urbanism………….’neo traditionalism’
• cf) Smart growth, sustainable development
• Traditional

• Modernist

• Neo-Traditional

• Traditional vs. Modernist

– Cf. organic vs. planned
– Cf. Irregular vs. regular
– Cf. grid vs. curved (not so simple)
• Urban Morphology: Study of Urban
Form and Shape of Settlements

• Why urban morphology?

– It helps urban designers to be aware of
local patterns of development and
processes of change

• Conzen: 4 elements
• Caniggia: Urban Tissue
• Current trends: how to utilize it…
• Land Uses
• Building Structures
• Street Patterns
• Lot Patterns

• Traditional vs. Modernist

Small block patterns Super block patterns
Building defining
and enclosing A B
space

Buildings as
objects in space C D
Carmona (2003), Rowe
and Koetter (1978) 재인용
Carmona (2003), Permeability, “Finely meshed grid” vs. “Coarser grid”
Carmona (2003), Krier (1990) 재인용, 4 types of urban space: block is
1)result of street/square, 2)street/square is result of block,
3)street/square, 4)building
Transformation of traditional grid into
super block:

Gridded ->
Grid erosion ->
Laddered

Pros and Cons:

Carmona (2003)
Carmona (2003), Duany et
al (2000) 재인용

“self contained pod”

unrelated to other “pods”
Clarence Perry의 마을(근린주구) 유닛 모델. 1929. 중심으로부터 5분 도보거
리 내 지역 표시. Duany, Plater-Zyberk and Company에서 다시 그린
Diagram. Walters and Brown (2004, p. 57)에서 재인용
Duany, Plater-Zyberk and Company에서 1997년에 디자인한 전통적인 마을
(근린주구) 모델 (Traditional Neighborhood). Perry 의 모델처럼 중심으로부터
5분 거리 내의 구역. Walters and Brown (2004, p. 58)에서 재인용.
Carmona (2003),
Lewelyn-Davis
(2000) 재인용

Comparison of the
four types:

Establishment of
block sizes
considering existing
linkages and
connections and
working within the
grain of local
context
Carmona (2003),
Siskna (1998) 재인
용

CBD block
structures and
sizes in 4 US cities

From small
square/
rectangular to
medium square

Optimum Grid
meshes:
30-40 % of total
area
Carmona (2003),
Siskna (1998) 재
인용

CBD block
structures and
sizes in 4
Australian cities

Block patterns
and Street
meshes
• Sustainable Urban Design
• Key factors: Table 3.1, 3.2, 3.3
– Stewardship
– Resource efficiency
– Diversity and choice
– Human need
– Resilience
– Pollution reduction
– Concentration
– Distinctiveness
– Biotic support
– Self sufficiency
• Car
Carmona, 2004
 Morphological Dimensions
• How to look at urban form
– 4 urban form elements:
– Factors (complex issues)

• Interpretation of urban form changes

• Application of urban form studies

• Sustainable Design -> Compact Cities