APPENDIX

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Table A-1. Conversion Factors for SI and Non-SI Units

To convert To convert
Column 1 Column 2
into Column 2, Column 1 Column 2 into Column 1,
multiply by SI Unit Non-SI unit multiply by
Length
0.621 kilometer, km mile, mi 1.609
3.28 meter, m foot, ft 0.305
0.00394 millimeter, mm inch, in. 25.4
0.394 centimeter, cm inch, in. 2.54

Area
2.47 hectare, ha acre, ac 0.405
247 sq.km, km2 acre, ac 0.00405
0.000247 sq. meter, m2 acre, ac 4,047
10.76 sq. meter, m2 sq. foot, ft2 0.0929

Volume
0.00973 cubic meter, m3 acre-inch, ac-in. 102.8
0.00081 cubic meter, m3 acre-foot, ac-ft 1234
0.81 cubic kilometers, km3 million acre-feet, maf 1.234
0.265 liter, L gallon, gal 3.785

Mass
0.0022 gram, g pound, lb 454
0.0011 kilogram, kg ton (US), ton 907
2.205 kilogram, kg pound, lb 0.454
1.102 tonne, t ton (US), ton 0.907

Yield
0.893 kg/ha pounds per acre, lb/ac 1.12
893 tonne/ha pounds per acre, lb/ac 0.00112
tonne/ha US ton per acre, ton/ac

(continued)
1071

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 1072 AGRICULTURAL SALINITY ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT

Table A-1. Conversion Factors for SI and Non-SI Units (Continued)

To convert To convert
Column 1 Column 2
into Column 2, Column 1 Column 2 into Column 1,
multiply by SI Unit Non-SI unit multiply by
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Rate
264106 m3/day million gallons per day, mgd 3,785
0.107 L/ha gallons per acre, gal/ac 9.35
2.24 m/sec miles per hour, mi/hr 0.447

Pressure
9.9 megapascal, MPa atmosphere, atm 0.101
10 megapascal, MPa bar 0.1
0.0209 pascal, Pa pound per square foot, lb/ft2 47.9
0.000145 pascal, Pa pound per square inch, psi 6,900
0.00987 kilopascal, kPa atmosphere, atm 101.3

Electrical Conductivity
10 Siemen/m, S/m millimho/cm, mmho/cm 0.1
1 decisiemen/m, dS/m millimho/cm, mmho/cm 1
0.001 decisiemen/m, dS/m micromho/cm, umho/cm 1,000
1 millisiemen/cm,mS/cm micromho/cm, umho/cm 1

Water Measurement
0.00973 m3 ac-in. 102.8
0.00981 m3/hr cfs 101.9
35.59 m3/sec cfs 0.028
4.4 m3/hr gal/min 0.227
8.11 ha-m ac-ft 0.1233
0.00081 m3 ac-ft 1234
97.28 ha-m ac-in. 0.0103
0.0821 ha-cm ac-ft 12.33
0.000328 m3/ha ac-ft/ac 3,047
3.279 m3/m2 ac-ft/ac 0.305
0.264 L/min gpm 3.788

Concentration
1 centimole/kg meq/100g 1
0.1 g/kg % 10
1 mg/kg ppm 1
0.1335 g/L ounce/gal 7.489
0.00835 g/L lb/gal 119.8

Agricultural Salinity Assessment and Management

 APPENDIX 1073

Table A-2. Chemical Conversion Units

To convert Chemical Conversions for Ions To convert
Column 1 Column 2
into Column 2, Column 1 Column 2 into Column 1,
multiply by milligram/Liter milliequivalent/Liter multiply by
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0.0499 mg/L Ca meq/L Ca 20.04

0.0823 mg/L Mg meq/L Mg 12.15
0.0435 mg/L Na meq/L Na 22.99
0.0256 mg/L K meq/L K 39.1
0.0164 mg/L HCO3 meq/L HCO3 61.02
0.033 mg/L CO3 meq/L CO3 30
0.0282 mg/L Cl meq/L Cl 35.45
0.0208 mg/L SO4 meq/L SO4 48.03
0.0161 mg/L NO3 meq/L NO3 62
0.0554 mg/L NH4 meq/L NH4 18.04

To convert To convert
Column 1 Chemical Conversions for Ions Column 2
into Column 2, Column 1 Column 2 into Column 1,
multiply by milligram/Liter millimole/Liter multiply by
0.025 mg/L Ca mM/L Ca 40.08
0.0411 mg/L Mg mM/L Mg 24.31
0.0435 mg/L Na mM/L Na 22.99
0.0256 mg/L K mM/L K 39.1
0.0164 mg/L HCO3 mM/L HCO3 61.02
0.0167 mg/L CO3 mM/L CO3 60
0.0282 mg/L Cl mM/L Cl 35.45
0.0104 mg/L SO4 mM/L SO4 97.06
0.0161 mg/L NO3 mM/L NO3 62.01
0.0554 mg/L NH4 mM/L NH4 18.04

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 1074 AGRICULTURAL SALINITY ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT

Table A-3. Other Useful Conversions

mg/L TDS  EC dS/m  640
mg/L TDS  EC dS/m  735 (preferred for Colorado River water)
lbs/ac-ft TDS  mg/L TDS  2.72
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tons/ac-ft TDS  mg/L TDS  0.00136

atm osmotic pressure  EC dS/m  0.36

1 ac  43,560 sq ft
1 mi  5,280 ft

1 ac-ft soil  4 million lbs (approx.)

1 ton/ac  20.8 g/sq ft
1 g/sq ft  96 lb/ac
1 lb/ac  0.0104 g/sq ft

1 cu ft  7.48 gals
1 gal  8.345 lb
cfs  448.8 gpm
1 cfs/24 hr  1.98 ac-ft
1 mgd  3.07 ac-ft/24 hr
1 mgd  1.547 cu ft/sec
1 mgd  694.4 gpm
1 ac-ft  325,851 gal

1 atm  14.7 psi

1 psi  14.22 kg/sq cm
1 bar  14.5 psi
1 bar  1,023 cm water

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 APPENDIX 1075

Table A-4. Soil Water

Field capacity or Available soil
water holding capacity moisture
Soil texture (inches water per ft soil) (inches water per ft soil)
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Sand 1.2 0.7

Loamy sand 1.9 1.1
Sandy loam 2.5 1.4
Loam 3.2 1.8
Silt loam 3.6 1.8
Sandy clay loam 3.5 1.3
Sandy clay 3.4 1.6
Clay loam 3.8 1.7
Silty clay loam 4.3 1.9
Silty clay 4.8 2.4
Clay 4.8 2.2

Agricultural Salinity Assessment and Management