Tintern Abbey

Dortothy

Dorothy “plays a major role in the poet’s life as close friend, supporter of his vocation as writer,
editor, and secretary, almost his ‘all in all’ ” (Mahoney 5). Her special place in the poet’s life is
solidified through her role as a silent listener and observer. Wordsworth points out in his poem,
“Lines Composed a Few Miles above Tintern Abbey,” that Dorothy’s voice, her eyes, and her
existence enables him to access his “former pleasures” (“Tintern Abbey” 117). While one group of
scholars identify Dorothy as his helpmate only, others view Dorothy as her brother’s muse (Thomson
531).  James Soderholm argues that Wordsworth uses Dorothy for “his own poetic ends” (Soderholm
311). On the contrary, Heidi Thomson emphasizes that “Tintern Abbey” is the poem that “affirms the
continuous necessity for a web of interlocution between Wordsworth and his sister to substantiate
the myth of memory” (Thomson 533). As Thomson mentions, “Tintern Abbey” can be read as a
warm sibling memory poem excluding any utility value granted upon Dorothy. Regardless, Dorothy
provides Wordsworth with inspiration throughout his poetry and his life.

Topographical poetry

Topographical poetry or loco-descriptive poetry is a genre of poetry that describes, and often

praises, a landscape or place. John Denham's 1642 poem "Cooper's Hill" established the genre,
which peaked in popularity in 18th-century England with the poetry of William Wordsworth (e.g.
"Tintern Abbey" ). Examples of topographical verse date, however, to the late classical period, and
can be found throughout the medieval era and during the Renaissance. Though the earliest
examples come mostly from continental Europe, the topographical poetry in the tradition originating
with Denham concerns itself with the classics, and many of the various types of topographical verse,
such as river, ruin, or hilltop poems were established by the early 17th century. Alexander Pope's
"Windsor Forest" (1713) and John Dyer's "Grongar Hill' (1762) are two other oft-mentioned
examples. More recently, Matthew Arnold's "The Scholar Gipsy" (1853) praises the Oxford
countryside, and W. H. Auden's "In Praise of Limestone" (1948) uses a limestone landscape as an
allegory.

Subgenres of topographical poetry include the country house poem, written in 17th-century England
to compliment a wealthy patron, and the prospect poem, describing the view from a distance or a
temporal view into the future, with the sense of opportunity or expectation. When understood
broadly as landscape poetry and when assessed from its establishment to the present, topographical
poetry can take on many formal situations and types of places. Kenneth Baker identifies 37 varieties
and compiles poems from the 16th through the 20th centuries—from Edmund Spenser to Sylvia
Plath—correspondent to each type, from "Walks and Surveys," to "Mountains, Hills, and the View
from Above," to "Violation of Nature and the Landscape," to "Spirits and Ghosts."

Common aesthetic registers of which topographical poetry make use include pastoral imagery, the
sublime, and the picturesque. These latter two registers subsume imagery of rivers, ruins, moonlight,
birdsong, and clouds, peasants, mountains, caves, and waterscapes.

Jonathan Swift summarized the style as "Descriptions tedious, flat and dry/And introduc'd the Lord
knows why".