.

fõIKd;aul udOHlrKfha ÈYdk;sh

wms tÈfkod ðú;fha § mqj;a weiqre lruq' Èkm;d" i;sm;d f;dr;=re msmdidfjka fmf<kafkuq'
fï fldhs flfia fj;;a ukqIH iajNdjh f;dr;=re msmdifhka fm<Suh' f;dr;=re ke;fyd;a
mqj;a hkq uq,sl udkj wjYH;djhla yd iß jkakls' fï jk úg f,dalh l%ufhka ixj¾ê;
ù ;sîu;a m%d:ñl iudc weiqre l< udkjhd l%ufhka ixlS¾K ùu;a fya;= fldg f.k
f;dr;=re fyda mqj;a hkak ±ä udkj wjYH;djla ù yudrh'
f,dalfha úúO mqj;a tackais tf,i b,a,k f;dr;=re ,nd §ug ne`§ isá;s' BBC, CNN
"Aljazira fiau tajdhska mqj;a ñ,§ .kakd l=vd m%udKfha mqj;a tackais o fõ' wms wjg f,dalfha
iEu ;;amrhlu isÿjk foa mqj;la fjhs' udkj wjys;Ndjhla fiau jk mqj;a msmdih fkdjk
ixlS¾K l%shdj,shls' m%jD;a;s fiau fulS wjY;djhka imqrd,Su i`oyd lem ù isák msßila o
fjhs' Tjqyq zzckudOHfõ§ka ZZ f,i y`ÿkaj;s' isÿjk isÿùula tieKska jd¾;d lsÍu i`oyd
Tjqyq jD;a;Suh f,i mqyK
q q lr;s' jD;a;Suh yelshdj yd m<mqreoao u; Tjqkag fõ;khka o
,nd fo;s' m%jD;a;s" ckudOHfõ§ka hkq ixlS¾K udkj wjYH;djh ixis`ÿùu Wfoid tlg
wuqKk ,o oïje,ls' f;dr;=re msmdidj ksjk c, W,am;ls'
mqj;a jd¾;dlrKh f,fyis myiq lghq;a;la fkdfõ' hï mqj;la isÿ jQ ia:dkh fj;
f.dia tys i;Hh yd jeo.;au fldgi wdjrKh lr uyckhd fj; uqod y< hq;=h' tla w;lska
mqj;a jd¾;dlrKh b;d ne?reï fiau jeo.;a" mßiaiï iy.;j isÿl< hq;a;ls' mqj;la
jd¾;dlrKh w;rg .efkk zz.fõIKd;aul mqj;a jd¾;dlrKhZZ Bg;a tyd .sh ixlS¾K
l%shdj,shls'
.fõIKd;aul mqj;a jd¾;dlrKh hkq" hï wfhl=g ryila jYfhka ;nd .ekSug
wjYH fohla fy<sorõ lsÍu nqoaêu;a l%shdj,shla fiau iudc fYdaOkh i`oyd bjy,a jkakls'
.fõIKd;aul mqj;a jd¾;dlrKfha § úfYaIfhka lsisfjl= wudrefõ ±óug fyda wmyiq;djhg
m;a lsÍug wfmaCId fkdflf¾' we;eï úg i;H f;dr;=re ie`.ù ;snq ksid wod< mqoa.,hka
wmyiq;djhg m;a ùug bv we;' fuys uQ,sl wruqK jkafka uyck hym; i`oyd lghq;=
lsÍuhs' .fõIK lghq;= wdrïN lsÍug fmr ksjerÈ f;dr;=re uq,dY% fidhd .ekSu" ,nd.;a
f;dr;=re uq,dY% lsysmhla ;yjqre l< yels ùu" ,sms f.dkqjla u`.ska f;dr;=re /ia lsÍu wdÈh
.fõIKfhys lemS fmfkk .fõIKd;aul jd¾;dlrefjl= ùu f,fyis myiq ld¾hhla
fkdfõ' .fõIKd;aul mqj;a jd¾;dlrKh fiau mq`M,a jQ ne?reï ld¾hhls'
zz.fõIKd;aul jd¾;dlre kñka ieneúkau i;a;ajfhla isà' fï i;a;ajhd widudkH
i;a;ajfhls' ´kEu wfhl=g .fõIKd;aul jd¾;dlrefjl= úh fkdyelsh' fudjqkag fmdÿ jQ
,CIK .Kkdjls' tu ,CIK fjk;a oCI jd¾;dlrefjl= ;=< olakg fkdue;' bka jvd;au
jeo.;a jkafka w.la uq,la ke;sj fmfkk foaj,ska yd wlaIs p,khka jeks iq`M fohlska
lreK .rd .ekSfï yd tu lreK uq, isg w.g meyeÈ,s tfy;a ke;skï A to Z olajd wLKavj
úysfok fia mq¾jdmr ikaê .e<mSfï Yla;sfhka hqla;ùuhs'
(Howard Simon – Washington Post Editor)
.fõIKd;aul jd¾;dlrefjl= i;= ,CIK iqúfYaIsh'ñka m%Odk jkafka mqj;a jd¾;dlrKfha
§ l,n, ù wfkla md¾Yjfha f.dÿrla njg m;a fkdù ie,iqï iy.;j lghq;= lsÍuhs'tfiau
f;dr;=re m< lsÍug fmr kS;s Wmfoia ,nd .ekSu fkdokakd foa meyeÈ,sj fidhd ilia lr
.ekSu;a jeo.;a fõ'
uq,sl jYfhka .fõIKd;aul jd¾;dlrefjl= i;= ,laIK lssysmhla Wikipedia úYaj fldaIfha
olajhs'
1. Courage (ffO¾hh)
2. Passion(wdYdj)
3. Curiosity(l=;=y,h)
4. Initiate(wdrïNhla ,nd§u)
5. Logical thinking, Organization and Self discipline(;d¾lsl Ñka;kh"ixúOdkh iy
iajhx úkh)
6. Flexibility(kuHYS,SNdjh)
7. Team spirit and communication skills(lKavdhï ye`.Su yd ikaksfõok l=i,;d)
8. Well-developed reporting skills(ukd jd¾;dlrK l=i,;d)

wdrïNh ms<sn`o j idlÉPd lsÍfï § mqj;am;a iSñ; udkj yd fN!;sl iïm;a u; l%shd;aul
jk w;r m%jD;a;s jd¾;dlrKfha § úu¾YkYS,S udOHfõÈhd úiska CIKslj wdrïNh .; hq;=h'
th fndfyda úg ,efnk mqj;a meyeÈ,s fkdjQ yd bka ,efnk mKsúvh i`oyd tl`. fkdjQ
wjia:dj,§ l%shd;aul fõ' ;d¾lsl" Ñka;kh" ixúOdkh yd iajhx úkh yeisrùu
úu¾IKd;aul jd¾;dlrKh i`oyd ld,h fndfyda fia wjYH jk w;r" bgq lrk ld¾hh
ms<sn`oj b;d fyd`o wjfndaOhla ;sîu .fõIKd;aul jd¾;dlrefjl=g jeo.;a fõ' ta i`oyd
fndfyda fia m%fõYï jkakd jQ oCI ie,iqïlrefjl= ùu w;HjYH h' mßmQ¾K;ajh we;eï
mÍCIKhla wkfmaCIs;j tlajru isÿúh yelsh'
iuyr wjia:dj,§ m<uqj isÿjk foh wkfmalaIs;j is;a.kakd iq`M tfy;a t;rï
meyeÈ,sj fkdfmfkk fjk;a m%Yakhla flfrys fodr.=`M újr úh yelsh' .fõIKd;aul
udOHfõÈka fï ish,a, flfrys mßmQ¾K wjfndaOhlska isáh hq;= w;r wjYH jQ úg kej;
tys wdrïNl woyia m%;k
s s¾udKh lsÍfï yelshdjo mej;sh hq;= ly lKavdhï ke`.Su iy
ikaksfõok yelshdj .fõIKd;aul Ñ;%mg jd¾;dlrefjl= zz;ks jDlfhl=ZZ f,i y`ÿkajhs'
we;eï wjia:dj,§ wdrCIl ;;a;ajhka u; f;dr;=re jika lrf.k isàu" fyd`ou
mqj;a f;dard .eksu i`oyd ish¨ l=i,;djhka Ndú; lsÍu yd iduqysl m%hka;hkaf.ka hqla;
ùu .fõIKd;aul jd¾;dlrefjl= i;= úh hq;=h' fyd`o iïnkaO;djh" cd,lrKh"
ksrjoH;djh" wjxlNdjh iy ryiHNdjh fï ;=<ska wfmaCId lrhs' fyd`Èka j¾Okh jQ
jd¾;dlrKh yelshdj uq,dY% y`ÿkd .ekSu" l:k m¾fhaIK ie,iqï lsÍu" hym;a iïuqL
idlÉPd meje;aùu" ksjerÈ f;dr;=re ,nd .ekSu yd wjyH f;dr;=re ,nd .ekSug kfï
ksy;udkS ùu .fõIKd;aul jd¾;dlrejdg wkkH ,laIKhls' mq`M,a idudkH ±kqu yd fyd`o
m¾fhaIK l=i,;d .fõIKd;aul jd¾;dlrejd i;=j .eUqre mßphla ;sîu wksjd¾hh' th
.fõIKfha ikao¾Nh wjfndaO lr .ekSug;a úu¾Ykh fkd,nk miqìï wOHkhg;a bjy,a
fõ' yels iEu úgu fmd;am;a lshùu yd .fõIKd;aul jd¾;d wOHhkh lsßu jeo.;a fõ'

idOdrK;ajh yd m%n, wdpdrO¾u úu¾Ykj, iajNdjh wkqj .fõIK jd¾;dlrejd

wkjYH wjodkï fkd.; hq;=h' tfiau wjodku ms<sn`o mßiaiï úh hq;=h' tksid úu¾Yk
jd¾;d" uq,dY% yd .fõIKhka ms<sn`o kS;s fr.=,dis f.!rjkSh f,i /lsh hq;= w;r yels ;rï
ÿrg ydks j,ska wdrCId úug m%N, l,amkdldÍ fm!oa.,sl wdpdr O¾u moaO;shla Tyq úiska
/lsh hq;= fõ' we;eï wjia:dj, uyck úYajdih m%N, fyd`ou wdrlaIKh jk w;r fyd`o
uyck iïnkaO;djhla" iodpdrd;aul miqìula .fõIKd;aul jd¾;dlrejd úiska ilid .;
hq;=h'

.fõIKd;aul jd¾;dlrejka hkq nrm;, wmrdO" foaYmd,k ÿIKh fyda je/oaola

jeks Wkkaÿjla olajk tla ud;Dldjla .eUqßka úYaf,aIKh jd¾;dlrefjda h' tfiau
.fõIKd;aul jd¾;dlrejd i;=j fjk;a ,sms f.dkqjla" wod< f;dr;=re j, msgm;a lsym
s hla
;sìh hq;=h' tajdfhys tla msgm;la udOH wdh;k m%Odkshd w;go m;a l< hq;=h'

.fõIKd;aul jd¾;dlrKh ms<sno fndfyda WodyrK f,dalh msßlaiSfï § fidhd .; yelsh'

01' bka§h .fõIKd;aul jd¾;dlrefjl= jQ wkajdkS mßâ yg bkaÈhdfõ zzThilarZZ
nkaOkd.drfha isrlrejkaf.a jd¾;djla ,nd .ekSug wjYH úh' kuq;a Bg nkaOkd.dr
ks,OdÍka wjir fkd§u ksid Wml%uYs,s f,i jrola lr isr.; ù Èk 05la we;=<;
tys isrlrejkaf.a ish¨ fokd .ek jd¾;djla ilia lrk ,§' wjidkfha nkaOkd.dr
m%;sixialrK l%shdj,shlg o fuu jd¾;d fya;= úh'

02' fjdag¾ f.%aâ isÿùu - ßvâ kslaika ckdêm;sjrkfhka ch .ekSu i`oyd m%;sjdÈkaf.a
f;dr;=re rydis.;j ,nd .kakd ,È' wjidkfha ßpâ kslaika ch.%yKhg l, miq
fjdIsxgka mqj;amf;a zzld,a nrkaiagkaZZ yd zzfrdnÜ jqâj¾âZZ úiska fjdag¾ f.%aâ ys
ld¾hd, ixls¾Kfha msyá
s äfudl%ála mCIfha cd;sl lñgq ld¾hd, ì`ooud Bg msúiSu
iïnkaOfhka mia fofkl= w;a wvx.=jg .ekSfï isoaêh úu¾IKh lsÍu wjidkfha
kslaikaf.a wjudkkSh b,a,d wiaùug fya;= úh' fuh 20 jk ishjfia uyd wmrdO fia
ie,fla'
03' Detroit News Papers ys l¾;D ,shqïljr ;Srfha tjk ,o ,smshla Tiafia fmdrlhg
kshu ù isá mqoa.,hka isõ fofkl= fpdaokdj,ska ksoyia ùu'
04' Miami Herald News Papers ys jd¾;d lrefjl= jQ ðka ñ,¾ úiska ñks uereï 03la
iïnkaOfhka jrolrejka jQ l`ÿ cd;slhka 4 fofkl= fírd .ekqfKa jir 8 lg wêl
ld,hla l< úu¾Ykh lsÍfuka wk;=rejh'
.fõIKd;aul jd¾;dlrKh ms<sn`oj f,da m;, udOH wdh;k mj;S' wefußldfõ uevqfhÜ
m%dka;fha fndiagka k.rh flakaø lr .ksñka zzfíiagka .af,díZZ kñka m%ldYhg m;ajk
mqj;am; ta w;r m%odk fõ' tys .fõIKd;au f;dr;=re jd¾;d lrk ,nk úfYaIdx. Spot kï
fõ' tys .fõIKd;aul f;dr;=re ck;djg jd¾;d lsÍug .kakd W;aiyh cd;Hka;r we.hSug
tajd ,laúh'Tjqka úiska jd¾;dlrkq ,enq zzfrdaudkq lf;da,sl m,a,sh ;=< isÿjk <ud ,sx.sl
wmpdr ms<sn`o wdkafoda,kd;aul .fõIK cq,siag¾ iïudkfhka msÿï ,enq w;r th miqj iskud
mghlg o ye`.sKs'
,dxflah iudcfha .fõIKd;aul jd¾;dlrKh 1970 ka miq ,xldfõ l%shd;aul lrk
,o jd¾;d iu`. ;SrKh fõ' W;=relrfha ms<sn`o f;dr;=re jika lsÍu yd tys f;dr;=re rcfha
ks, ksfõok u.ska §u ksid .fõIK t;rï id¾:l fkdfõ' tf,iu The Sun mqj;amf;a ßpâ
o fidhshd >d;kh- 1986 NsIK iufha § isÿùu;a ,ika; úl%u;=x. >d;kh;a .fõIKd;aul
jd¾;dlrKh i`oyd iSud mekúh' wdikak; u WodyrK /ils' wmrdO udOHlrKfha
.fõIKd;aul udOHlrefjl= jQ ,kafoais udOHfõ§ mSg¾ wd¾ ' o ú%ia ysig jeÿKq fjä myrla
fya;=fjka miq.sh ^15& frday,a.; j isáh § urKhg m;aúh'ish Ôú; ld,fhka wmrdO 500lg
jvd m%udKhla yUd f.dia ta ms<sn`o wkdjrKh l< m%ùK udOHfõÈfhls fudyq' tfiau frdhsg¾
mqj;a fiajfha kshq;= OkSIa isoaêla kï mq,siag¾ iïudk,dNS udOHfõÈhd we*a.ka - mdlsia:dk
foaYiSufõ§ fjäje§ ñh f.dia we;' fudyqo hqO f;dr;=relrKfha .fõIKd;aul
jd¾;dlrKhg ish Ôú;h lem lrk ,o úYsIaGfhls'
flfia fj;;a .fõIKd;aul jd¾;dlrKh m%;sixialrKd;aul h' iudc
fYdaOkd;aulh' fm!oa.,sl ryia mÍCIlfhl=f.a ld¾hhg iudkh' wm%;smd; ffO¾hh tl`.
jQ mrud¾:h iy ±ä uqrKavqjla fï i`oyd ;sìh hq;=h' wjidkfha § .fõIKd;aul
jd¾;dlrKh w;sYhska is;a .kakd iq`M h' th iudc mrud¾:idOkh i`oyd ksjerÈ
ÈYd.;lsÍula jYfhka w¾:.ekaúh yelsh'

uQ,dY%
Investigative Journalism from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investigative_journalism
Klien, W ,The Inside Stories of Modern Political Scandals ,Green wood Publishing Group
https://books.google.lk/books?id=EoqDSJMTZ_IC&pg=PA68&lpg=PA68&dq=howard+sim
on+definitions+for+investigative+journalism&source=bl&ots=aCFAa3oE2f&sig=ACfU3U0
1ShV0pVCgzHV4ddhuq9K-
rbdenQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwie3_GblerxAhVG73MBHS9LCTIQ6AEwCXoECAc
QAw#v=onepage&q=howard%20simon%20definitions%20for%20investigative%20journalis
m&f=false