Document No.

Jordan Atomic Energy Commission Effective Date

Pages Revision

Radiological Emergency Plan

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Review and Approval Sheet
Document Title Radiological Emergency Plan

Category Plan and Procedures

Document ID

Revision

Prepared/Revised

Eng. Ra'd ALSaudi

Technical Review

Mr. Mohammed M. Utoom

Mr. Mutasem Abu Ghazal

Dept. Manager

Eng. Abed Albaset Rababa

QA Review:

Mrs. Wea’am Smadi

QA Approval

Dr. Ali Asasfeh

Commissioner

Prof. kamal J.Araj

JAEC Chairman:

Dr. Khaled Toukan

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Revision Sheet

Document Title Radiological Emergency Plan

Category

Document ID

Revision Date Change Sections

Table of Contents
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations...................................................................................5
List of Figures......................................................................................................................6
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List of Tables.......................................................................................................................7
List of Appendices...............................................................................................................7
Introduction and purpose.....................................................................................................8
Goals....................................................................................................................................8
Applicability and Scope.......................................................................................................8
Quality Assurance................................................................................................................8
Building and Structures.......................................................................................................9
1.0 Main Building............................................................................................................9
1.1 Ground floor.....................................................................................................................9
1.2 First floor.........................................................................................................................10
1.3 Second, third and fourth floor........................................................................................11
2.0 Gamma Irradiator Facility.......................................................................................14
3.0 Central Storage Facility...........................................................................................16
Normal Organization Structure..........................................................................................17
Emergency Response Organization...................................................................................18
Roles and Responsibilities.................................................................................................19
Order of Succession......................................................................................................19
Emergency Director.....................................................................................................19
Technical Support Manager........................................................................................20
Logistics & Resources Coordinator.............................................................................20
Radiological Assessor..................................................................................................20
Emergency Advisor......................................................................................................21
Radiological Emergency Response Team...................................................................21
Emergency Communications.............................................................................................21
Siren...............................................................................................................................21
Land-line Telephone System.........................................................................................22
Facsimile machines........................................................................................................22
Mobile phone.................................................................................................................22
Emergency Classification System.....................................................................................22
Emergency Preparedness...................................................................................................24
Training, Drills and Exercise.............................................................................................24
Emergency Response.........................................................................................................26
Hazard Assessment............................................................................................................28
Incident Case Scenario for JAEC Facilities.......................................................................29

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 Uranium Extraction Directorate.....................................................................................29
Research Laboratories and Information Directorate......................................................30
Radiochemistry Department.................................................................................................30
Research Laboratories and Information Directorate......................................................32
Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory..........................................................................32
Research Laboratories and Information Directorate......................................................33
Gamma Spectroscopy Laboratories......................................................................................33
Analytical Chemistry Laboratories........................................................................................33
Chemical and Physical Analysis Laboratories........................................................................34
Physical Preparation Section.................................................................................................34
Physical Analysis Section.......................................................................................................35
Chemical Analysis Section.....................................................................................................36
Radioactive Waste Management Directorate/CSF........................................................39
Gamma Irradiator Facility.............................................................................................40
Appendices:.......................................................................................................................41
References..........................................................................................................................52

List of Acronyms and Abbreviations

AMSL Above Mean Sea Level

AOP Abnormal Operating Procedure

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 CPAL Chemical and Physical Analysis Laboratories
CSF Central Storage Facility
EAL Emergency Action Level
EC Emergency Classification
EL Environmental Laboratory
EMRC Energy and Mineral Resources Regulatory Commission
EOP Emergency Operating Procedure
EPIP Emergency Plan Implementing Procedure
ERO Emergency Response Organization
ETE Relocation Time Estimate
FED Facility Emergency Director
GE General Emergency
HA Hazard Assessment
HP Health Physics
HVAC Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning
IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency
JAEC Jordan Atomic Energy Commission
NEPCO Jordan National Electric Power Company
OE Operational Event / Operational Emergency
PAG Protective Action Guide
PAR Protective Action Recommendation
PPE Personal Protective Equipment
REP Radiological Emergency Plan
RID Research and Information Directorate
RPO Radiation Protection Officer
TLD Thermo-Luminescence Dosimeter
TS Technical Specification
UPS Uninterruptable Power Supply
UXD Uranium Extraction Directorate
EMS Emergency Management System
RE Radiological Emergency
TSM Technical Support Manager

List of Figures

Figure 1: Main Building Ground Floor................................................................................9

Figure 2: Main Building First Floor..................................................................................10
Figure 3: Main Building Second Floor..............................................................................11

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Figure 4: Main Building Third Floor.................................................................................12
Figure 5: Main Building Fourth Floor...............................................................................13
Figure 6: Gamma Irradiator Facility..................................................................................14
Figure 7: Central Storage Facility......................................................................................15

List of Tables
Table 1: The potential emergency classes in the different planning categories................22
Table 2: Emergency Response Procedures........................................................................28
Table 3: Incident Case Scenario for UXD.........................................................................29
Table 4: Incident Case scenario for Radiochemistry Laboratory in RID..........................31
Table 5: Incident case scenario for SSDL in RID.............................................................32
Table 6: Incident Case Scenario for Gamma spectroscopy Laboratory in RID................32
Table 7: Incident Case Scenario for Analytical Chemistry Laboratory in RID.................33
Table 8: Incident Case Scenario for Physical Preparation Laboratory in CPAL..............34
Table 9: Incident Case Scenario for Physical Analysis in CPAL......................................35
Table 10: Incident Case Scenario for Chemical Analysis in CPAL..................................38
Table 11: Worst Case Scenario for Central Storage Facility.............................................39
Table 12: Worst Case Scenario for Gamma Irradiator Facility.........................................40

List of Appendices
Appendix I: Emergency Management Organization.........................................................40
Appendix II: On-Site Emergency Contact Directory........................................................41
Appendix III: Off-Site Emergency Contact Directory.....................................................43
Appendix IV: Hazard Location and Contact Person.........................................................44
Appendix V: List of Instruments to be used during an Emergency...................................46
Appendix VI: Categories of Nuclear and Radiation Related Threats................................47
Appendix VII: Intervention Levels and Operational Intervention Levels.........................48
Appendix VIII: Emergency Worker Dose Guidance Levels.............................................49
Appendix IX: Emergency Response Organization............................................................50
Appendix X: Emergency Response Team.........................................................................52

Introduction and purpose

JAEC is committed to the safety and well-being of its staff. Keeping this commitment requires
planning and practice. This plan exists to satisfy those needs and to outline the steps to be taken
to prepare for and respond to an emergency affecting JAEC.

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Goals
The goals of JAEC in responding to an emergency include:

 The safety of all staff, and guests.

 The physical and emotional well-being of staff, and guests.

 The timely stabilization of an emergency.

 The mitigation of emergency Consequences.

 The protection of properties and Environment.

Applicability and Scope

This plan applies to all employees of JAEC. The scope of this plan is intended to encompass all
hazards. This plan may be consulted when responding to any and all emergencies.

When encountering a situation, which has not been expressly addressed in this plan, a good
judgment and the guiding principles outlined in this plan shall be adopted.

This plan shall be reviewed and updated annually. Revisions will be made as needed throughout
the year.

Quality Assurance
JAEC has established a quality management program within its integrated management system
to ensure the availability and reliability of all supplies, equipment, communication systems and
facilities, plans, procedures and other arrangements necessary for effective response in a
radiological emergency.

The Quality program includes arrangements for tests and calibrations of devices, inventories,
and resupply, to ensure readiness and effectiveness when used in a radiological emergency.

JAEC’s Quality Program provides the necessary arrangements to review and update this Plan at
least once in a year as well as its procedures, in addition to continuous development and
improvements based on lessons learned from operational experiences and from emergency
drills and exercises. Building and Structures
Three separate buildings exist within JAEC’s premises, the Gamma Irradiator Facility, the Central
Storage Facility and the Main Building.

1.0 Main Building

The Main Building is a four-storey building, which contains labs, offices, and some limited
storage places. Each floor is shown below with its corresponding figure including details and

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hints regarding Emergency Exits, portable fire extinguisher locations, evacuation routes and
Assembly Points

1.1 Ground floor

The Ground Floor contains the following Laboratories:

 Gamma Spectroscopy Lab (L5) CPAL
 Analytical Chemistry Lab (L7, L9, L9) CPAL
 Chemical Preparation Lab (L6) CPAL
 X-ray Fluorescence Lab (L1) CPAL
 Uranium Extraction Lab (E1, E1.1, E1.2) UXD
 Physical Preparation Lab (L10) CPAL
 Secondary Standard Dosimetry Lab (C1) RID

Figure 1: Main Building Ground Floor

1.2 First floor

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The First floor contains the following Laboratories:

 Gamma Spectroscopy Lab (A6.A8) RID

 Polymer Lab (A9) RID
 Alpha-Beta Lab (A7) RID
 Gross Alpha-Beta Lab (B4) RID
 Radiochemistry Lab (B2) RID
 Analytical Chemistry Lab (B7) RID
 Total Reflection X-ray Fluorescence Lab (A3) RID
 Sample Preparation Lab (B9) RID
 Offices

Figure 2: Main Building First Floor

1.3 Second, third and fourth floor

These floors have offices and utilities in general

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Figure 3: Main Building Second Floor

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Figure 4: Main Building Third Floor

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Figure 5: Main Building Fourth Floor

2.0 Gamma Irradiator Facility.

The Gamma Irradiator Facility is located south of the main building and accessed through the
main gate to the left.

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Figure 6: Gamma Irradiator Facility

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 3.0 Central Storage Facility
The Central Storage facility is located north of the main building and accessed only through the main
gate.

Figure 7: Central Storage Facility

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 Normal Organization Structure
Figure (8) describes the organization chart of JAEC at the normal situation, when the radiological
emergency events occurs the organization chart changes and called Emergency Response
Organization as mentioned in next section.

** SMR

*IAEA
( , , )

Figure (8): JAEC – Normal Organization Chart

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 Emergency Response Organization
The following table describes the Emergency Response Organization at JAEC through the
emergency events. The essential emergency personnel are composed of normal employees of
JAEC.

Position Name of Person Location

Emergency Director Operations Room

Technical Support Managers

Laboratory Manager

Laboratory Manager Operations Room

Transport & Storage Manager

Security Manager

Logistics & Resources Coordinator

Administrative Manager
Operations Room
Information Technology Manager

International Cooperation Manager

Radiological Assessor Operations Room

Emergency Advisor Operations Room

Radiological Emergency Response
Team
Team Leader

In the Field
Survey & Monitoring Team

Decontamination Team

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Transport & Storage Team

Nuclear Maintenance Team

Safety Team

Roles and Responsibilities

The Radiation Protection and Emergency Directorate are responsible for the provision of all
safety measures to be taken when encountering a radiological emergency at JAEC.

Order of Succession
Leadership authority during an emergency shall flow downward through the following list of
people:

1) Emergency Director (the RPE Director in Normal Organization Chart).

2) Emergency Advisor (the RE Division Head in Normal Organization Chart).
3) Radiological Emergency Response Team Leader (the PRP Division Head in Normal
Organization Chart).
4) Radiological Assessor
5) Technical Support Managers
6) Logistics & Resources Coordinator

Now, we will show the roles and responsibilities of each member in emergency response
organization:

Emergency Director

The duties of the Emergency Manger when an emergency arise are as follow:
 Classify the emergency.
 Activate the Emergency Response team.

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  Ensure Provision of Protective actions for all JAEC personnel.
 Initiate notification to the EMRC regarding the emergency situation.
 Establish mission priorities in response to the emergency.
 Issue protective action recommendations.
 Define emergency exposure limits and controls.
 Ensure first responders safety.
 Confirm safety aspects at the site including the need for personal protective equipment,
and the potential need for evacuation.
 Acquire emergency equipment and supplies.
 Order site relocation.
 Restrict and Control access to the facility in collaboration with the security manager.
 Oversee the on-site emergency activities and direct accordingly.
 Terminate the emergency.

Technical Support Managers

The Technical Support Manager plays a major role during emergency situations and even more
vital before an emergency hit. Additionally, the TSM will also play the role of the Logistics&
Resources Coordinator.

The following tasks will be handled by the TSM:

 Ensure firefighting system readiness and upgrade as needed.

 Ensure alarm system and land-line telephones proper functionality.
 Ensure easy access through emergency exits to the assembly points.
 Provide technical support and advice to the Emergency Manager when in need.

Logistics & Resources Coordinator

 Provide the logistic support for the operations room members and the other teams in the
field.
 Provide technical communication support.
 Coordinate and Request the national or international support if needed by the
international cooperation manager.

Radiological Assessor
 Initiates and performs dose assessment activities and surveys during the radiological
emergency, recovery, and re-entry phase.
 Ensure the radiation protection of all emergency workers and formulate recommendations
on protective actions and other response actions.
 Contamination Control.

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Emergency Advisor

 Provide technical and information support to the Emergency Director.

 Assess for potential emergency consequences.
 Analyze the available information, data, and progression of potential scenarios.
 Provide the emergency director with advices on necessary decisions to consider

Radiological Emergency Response Team

 Divide the team to sub-teams to do the following tasks:
Survey & Monitoring, Decontamination, Transport & Storage Team, Nuclear Maintenance
Team, and Safety Team.
 Initiate response actions upon arrival to the scene.
 Restrict access to the incident scene and surrounding area as the situation demands, take
any other steps necessary to minimize any threat to health and safety
 Request medical assistance, if necessary
 Identify and isolate source to minimize product loss
 Coordinate further response actions with Incident Commander and local responders
 Perform necessary radiation measurements.
 Detect any release and generate an alarm signal in order to alert the emergency
organization
 Implement urgent countermeasures by using Operational Intervention Levels.
 This may include sheltering, relocation, etc...
 Protect emergency and recovery workers as well as the public, by providing the decision
makers and emergency authorities with the required data, measurement results and
information on contamination levels.
 Contamination control of merchandise and vehicles leaving or coming from the affected
area.
 Make recommendations for protective actions for JAEC’s personnel.
 Direct and perform assessment of JAEC’s onsite radiological conditions.

Emergency Communications
There are many communication systems in JAEC facilities (Gamma Irradiator Facility, Central
Storage Facility and Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory), the Communication System is
composed of the following subsystems:

Siren
Several site siren banks exist at various locations in and around the JAEC, and have been
chosen to provide maximum coverage of the siren sounds. The siren system soundes in one

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 of three modes; a continuous sounding mode, an alternate mode, or an intermittent
(warbling) mode. The sirens and tone generator are manually activated. The audible alarm
system is supplemented by visual alarms in high noise areas.

Land-line Telephone System

Telephones are used for callouts of emergency response personnel. Land-line phone is one
of the means of communication between JAEC and the CD.

Facsimile machines
Facsimile machines capable of sending several faxes to different locations.

Mobile phone
Mobile Phone Communication provides the capability to communicate with the JAEC
personnel.as well as other Emergency Response Organizations, see Appendix II and III

Emergency Classification System

Based on JAEC’s facilities applications with respect to the IAEA Emergency Categorization and
classification, JAEC Emergency shall be dealt with under Threat category III, for which on-site
events are postulated that could give rise to doses that warrant or contamination that warrants
urgent protective action on the site, or for which such events have occurred in similar facilities.

The events at the JAEC facilities are divided into two categories:
1. Abnormal Events
2. Operational Emergencies

The abnormal events would not require implementation of the Emergency Plan, but the
operational emergencies are major unplanned significant events or conditions that would

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  Involve or affect JAEC facilities and activities by causing or having the potential to cause
serious health and safety or environmental impacts.
 Require resources from outside the immediate/affected area or local event scene to
supplement the initial response.
 Require time urgent notifications to initiate response activities at locations beyond the
local event scene.

The operational emergencies require a response in accordance with this plan and require an
increased readiness status for JAEC personnel. Abnormal events as well as Operational
Emergencies both require notification.

The EP shall describe several classes of emergencies covering the spectrum of

emergency conditions that involve the alerting or activating of progressively larger
segments of the emergency organization.
To provide for improved communications between the licensee, national and local
agencies and organizations, three (3) classes of emergency conditions which group the
accidents according to severity of off-site radiological consequences.

The recommendations of the IAEA include a system for classifying all potential nuclear
and radiological emergencies that warrant an emergency intervention to protect
workers and the public, in accordance with international standards which covers
emergencies of the following types at facilities (1-4) and other emergencies such as (5)
below:
The site area emergency and the general emergency classes could concern only for
facilities in planning categories I and II. Alert class could be determined in facilities
belonging to planning category I, II and III.
The class of other radiological emergencies typically concerns the emergencies in
planning category IV and V, and usually it is not related to nuclear facility.

The association is shown by the following table:

Emergency Class / Planning I II III IV V

Category
General Emergency X X
Site Area Emergency X X
Facility Emergency X X X
Alert X X X
Other Radiological Emergency X X
Table 1: The potential emergency classes in the different planning categories

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1)General emergencies at facilities in threat category I or II involving an actual, or substantial risk
of, release of radioactive material or radiation exposure23 that warrants taking urgent
protective actions off the site. Upon declaration of this class of emergency, actions shall be
promptly taken to mitigate the consequences and to protect people on the site and within the
precautionary action zone and urgent protective action planning zone (see para. 4.48), as
appropriate.
2)Site area emergencies at facilities in threat category I or II involving a major decrease in the level
of protection for those on the site and near the facility. Upon declaration of this class of
emergency, actions shall be promptly taken to mitigate the consequences, to protect people
on the site and to make preparations to take protective actions off the site if this becomes
necessary.
3)Facility emergencies at facilities in threat category I, II or III involving a major decrease in the
level of protection for people on the site. Upon declaration of this class of emergency, actions
shall be promptly taken to mitigate the consequences and to protect people on the site.
Emergencies in this class can never give rise to an off-site threat.
4)Alerts at facilities in threat category I, II or III involving an uncertain or significant decrease in the
level of protection for the public or people on the site. Upon declaration of this class of
emergency, actions shall be promptly taken to assess and mitigate the consequences and to
increase the readiness of the on-site and off-site response organizations, as appropriate.
5)Other emergencies such as an uncontrolled source emergency involving the loss, theft or lack of
control of a dangerous source, including the re-entry of a satellite containing such a source.

Emergency Preparedness

Being prepared for unexpected events or incidents would require a lot of planning and equipping
in advance. In order to ensure that, certain steps should be followed on regular bases, such as
periodic and unscheduled inspections for the alarm systems, firefighting systems, and
communication systems as well performing regular drills and exercises in addition to continuous
training.

Training, Drills and Exercise

Drills, the means whereby personnel receive practical training on specific emergency
equipment, means of access and procedures pertinent to their role in an emergency,
drills serve as a means of establishing and practicing a routine. They are not intended to
allow individuals any scope for improvisation, although observations are to be
encouraged, which can be subsequently investigated.
The overall purpose of drills is to:
 Maintain competence of personnel in the use of specific emergency equipment
which they might reasonably be expected to operate in an emergency

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 situation.
 Practice emergency procedures and communications.
 Familiarize personnel with appliances, equipment, procedures and test and
inspections.
 Maintain emergency equipment in a state of operational readiness.

Exercise, an organized or pre-arranged event in which personnel can demonstrate their

ability to apply lessons learned during drills and from instructions, an exercise is also a
means for identifying the strengths and weaknesses in emergency procedures, and
assisting in the identification of training needs. The effectiveness of a drill programme
should be determined by conducting regular exercises.
The purpose of exercise is to:
 Practice procedures and test equipment.
 Evaluate the effectiveness of an Aerodrome's emergency procedures and the
handing of emergences.
 Apply the lessons learned in drills.
 Assess competence in workplace application.
 A scenario should be developed which defines the problem and the parameters
within which each exercise should be conducted.
 All affected personnel should be briefed as to the parameters within which the
exercise should be conducted.
 In the interests of safety, all exercise should be preceded by a repeated
announcement such as "Exercise, /exercise".
 Suitably briefed, experienced and knowledgeable personnel should observe the
exercise in order to verify its effectiveness.
 Full account should be taken of the prevailing operational and climate conditions
in order that the safety of personnel is not jeopardized.
 A debriefing session of appropriate personnel should be held in order to consider
lessons learned from the exercise.
 A record of the exercise should be entered in the station logbook.

Training, a training system is designed to train a person for a specific job.

The successful design of a course of training is based on a careful analysis of what
people do in a role. This analysis enables training objectives to be stated and the course
content to be selected.

JAEC and the response organization shall make arrangements for the selection of
personnel and for training to ensure that the personnel have the requisite knowledge,
skills, abilities, equipment, and procedures and other arrangements to perform their
assigned response functions. The arrangements shall include ongoing refresher training
on an appropriate schedule and arrangements for ensuring that personnel assigned to

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positions with responsibilities for emergency response undergo the specified training.

For facilities in threat category III all employees and all other persons on the site shall be
instructed in the arrangements for them to be notified of an emergency and their
actions when notified of an emergency.

Exercise programs shall be conducted to ensure that all specified functions required to
be performed for emergency response and all organizational interfaces for facilities in
threat category III and the national level programs for threat category IV or V are tested
at suitable intervals. These programs shall include the participation in some exercises of
as many as possible of the organizations concerned. The exercises shall be
systematically evaluated and some exercises shall be evaluated by the regulatory body.
The program shall be subject to review and updating in the light of experience gained.

The staff responsible for critical response functions for a facility in threat category III
shall participate in a training exercise or drill at least once every year. For facilities,
practices or jurisdictions in threat category IV or V the staff responsible for critical
response functions shall participate in training exercises or drills on an appropriate
schedule.

The officials off the site responsible for making decisions on protective actions for the
population within the precautionary action zone and/or the urgent protective action
planning zone shall be trained in the strategy for protective action and shall regularly
participate in exercises.

The performance of exercises at facilities in threat category III shall be evaluated against
established response objectives that demonstrate that identification, notification,
activation and other initial response actions can be performed in time to achieve the
practical goals of emergency response.

Emergency Response

1-Identifying and Notifying a Radiological Emergency

Initial Notification Messages

JAEC and other local authorities have established understanding to the contents of the initial
notification message form transmitted during a classified emergency. The contents of the form
shall include, as a minimum:

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  Designation ("This is a Drill" or "Actual Event");

 Place Identification.

 Event classification and nature of incident

 Non-technical event description

 Date and time of declaration (or entry into Recovery Phase or Termination)

 Whether a release is taking place or not.

 Potential affected areas inside JAEC

 Notification approval, transmittal date and time, either on the notification form or in an
event logbook.

Follow-up Messages and reports

 Location of incident and name and telephone number of caller.

 Date/time of incident.

 Class of emergency.

 Type of actual or projected release (airborne, waterborne, surface spill), and

estimated duration/impact times.

 Estimate of quantity of radioactive materials released or being released.

 Chemical and physical form of released material, including estimates of the relative
quantities and concentration.

 Actual or projected dose rates at JAEC.

 Estimate of any surface radioactive contamination

 Licensee emergency response actions underway.

 Recommended emergency actions, including protective measures

 Request for any needed on-site support by off-site organizations

 Prognosis for worsening or termination of event based on ED.

2-Activating an emergency response

 Taking protective actions (early, mitigatory, urgent actions, and other response
actions)

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  Protecting emergency workers and helpers in an emergency

 Managing the medical response in a nuclear or radiological emergency

 Communicating with the public throughout a nuclear or radiological emergency

 Managing radioactive waste in a nuclear or radiological emergency

 Terminating a nuclear or radiological emergency

 Analyzing the radiological emergency and the emergency response.

Hazard Assessment

JAEC reviews all proposed experiments and equipment’s to determine the adequacy of their
safety for potential hazards.

A range of different failure modes are considered, including accident events (e.g., fires,
explosion, radioactive release) and malevolent events (e.g. terrorism, sabotage) including the
use of explosives or flammable material.

By considering different scenarios, a number of specific cases are selected to represent the
range or spectrum of possibilities.

Type of Emergency Hazard Immediate Response Emergency Action

1. Notify all persons in room.

Radiation: No immediate Permit no one to work
Minor Spills radiation hazard to 2. Confine spill immediately. in area until approval
personnel. of RPO.
3. Notify RPO.

Major Spills Radiation: May be great 1. Notify personnel to vacate room. Decontamination of
hazard to personnel. personnel and
2. Make no attempt to clean up spill.
equipment as

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 3. Switch off fans and vacate room. prescribed by the
4. Notify RPO. RPO.

Radiation: Internal hazard

Accident Involving: due to possible ingestion 1. Notify others to vacate room.
and inhalation. Do not re-enter until
Dust, Mist, Fumes, 2. Close windows and shut off air.
RPO gives approval.
Vapors, Gases. Contamination: Easily 3. Notify RPO.
spread when airborne.

Permit no one
Injuries Involving: 1. Wash wound immediately under involved in accident to
Contamination: Wounds running water.
Radiation Hazards return to work
usually greatest hazard.
Contaminations. 2. Notify RPO. without approval of
RPO.

1. Pull fire alarm to notify all persons

Radiation: Internal hazard in building to evacuate at once.
from airborne activity. Govern emergency
Fires Involving 2. Call the fire department (FD) 911 activities by the
Radioactivity Contamination: May be from safe location. restrictions of the
spread by fire fighting RPO.
3. Notify RPO.
techniques.
4. Meet the FD outside.

Permit no one
1. Shut off machine. involved in accident to
Radiation: Superficial
X-ray Injuries return to work
and/or deep tissue burns. 2. Notify RPO. without approval of
RPO.

Table 2: Emergency Response Procedures

Incident Case Scenario for JAEC Facilities

Uranium Extraction Directorate

Scenari
Incident Preventive Action Emergency Response
o No.

1 Spillage of chemicals. The operator should wear all Prevent the spread of dusts
safety clothes including and vapours.
protective goggles. Neutralize acids and bases, if
He should have read the MSDS possible.

28

Touching a heating mantle or
2 hot plate at high temperature
could cause burns.
Breakage of glassware during
solution preparation, filling,
3 or scratches that may cause it
emptying and during cleaning
which may harm the staff.
Spillage of water or chemicals
4 on the floor or platform which
may cause lab staff to slip.
Table 3: Incident Case Scenario for UXD
before using the chemical.
Thermal gloves should be used
when working at high
temperatures.
Only trained staff should carry-
out any of these activities.
Gloves are to be worn.
Before use, all glassware
should be checked to ensure
that it is free from cracks, flaws
to fail in use.
Glass should be transported
carefully and never in pockets.
Glass must never be stored on
the floor.
Wearing lab sabos.
Control the spread of the
liquid.
Absorb the liquid.
Dispose of the wastes.
Decontaminate the area and
affected equipment.
Burns should be treated
immediately; a burn cream is
available in our first-aid kit.
No attempt should be made
to remove broken glass from
wounds.
Broken glass must be disposed
of into specially. designated
bins and not into the normal
waste bins.
A first-aid kit is accessible to
all staff and is used at need.
Medical treatment should be
presented-for depending on
the condition.
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 Research Laboratories and Information Directorate
Radiochemistry Department

Scenari
Incident Preventive Action Emergency Response
o No.
 Don't store things on
top of, in, or around gas
burner, infra-red lamb or
hot plates.
Keep flammable things
like Ethanol, Acetone and
paper rolls, away from any
gas burner.
 Avoid wearing clothes
with long, loose-fitting
sleeves that may catch fire
easily. If your clothing
catches fire, STOP, DROP
AND ROLL!  Turn off the gas source if
possible.
Probability of fire from gas  Keep electrical appliances
burner, infrared lamb and hot  Turn off the power supply
away from water and fire.
1 plates in the laboratory. of the laboratory.
Try to plug in your
appliances and keep  Pull the nearest fire alarm.
electrical cords as far  Use the appropriate
away as possible from extinguisher
water hazards, like the
sink, or fire hazards, like
the stove top.
 Don't try to put out
chemical or electrical fires
with water - this will only
make them worse!
 If you have a gas burner
and smell gas, turn off all
burners, open windows
for better ventilation. Be
cautious when relighting
pilot lights: make sure the
room is well ventilated.

2 Probability of spills and /or
leaks acidic, standard, tracer
solutions and any chemical
materials.
 Sturdy shelves and
properly designed storage
areas to minimize
breakage and tipping.
 Larger containers stored
closer to the floor.
 Control the spread of the
liquid; contain the spill.
Make a dike around the
outside edges of the spill.
 Neutralize acids and
bases, if possible; Spills of

30

 Containers stored on
shelves sufficiently away
from the shelf edge to
minimize the danger of
falling.
 Storage shelves with lips
to reduce the danger of
falling.
 Regular in Containers
stored by hazard class.
 Inspection of the integrity
of containers.
 Seismic security in
earthquake-prone
areas.
most liquid acids or bases,
once neutralized, can be
mopped up and rinsed
down the drain (to the
sanitary sewer).
 Prevent the spread of
dusts and vapours; If the
substance is volatile or can
produce airborne dusts,
close the laboratory door
and increase ventilation
(through fume hoods, for
example) to prevent the
spread of dusts and
vapours to other areas.
 If the spill occurred; switch
off fans, vacate room, and
notify RPO.

Table 4: Incident Case scenario for Radiochemistry Laboratory in RID

Research Laboratories and Information Directorate

Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory

Scenari
Incident Preventive Action
o No.

 The periodic maintenance for the electrical

1 Fire system.
 Possession of Fire extinguisher

 shutdown the electric power

Source stuck  check the motor run and turn it off
2
(Cf-252, Cs-137, X-ray Machine)  Closed all entranced doors for the lab and called
the specified person to solve this problem.

3
High background from source
storage which is contain ( Rn , Co-60
, Cs-137 , Rn-222 , Sr90/y90 )
 divided these sources which is approximately 10
 Half Stored in the same source storage and others
transferred to gamma Lab considered the
specified activity for each one.

4
Contamination come from Rn- 222
liquid source  Closed all doors and called a qualified person to
take the accurate reaction.

5 Worker stuck inside the lab  turn on the alarm system

31
 6 Champers and phantom maybe
 stored it in a holder made from polestar
broken inside the controlled zone
Table 5: Incident case scenario for SSDL in RID
Research Laboratories and Information Directorate
Gamma Spectroscopy Laboratories
Scenari
Incident
o No.
Containers can cause crushing injury
1 open toed shoes are not proper foot
to the feet.
Liquid nitrogen spilling or rupture of
a container.
2
3 RESPONSE TO SPILLS the gamma
liquid source. . (Laboratory
contamination)
Preventive Action
 Wear proper shoes. Tennis shoes and
protection!!
 Evacuate!! There may be oxygen
deficiency in the area of the spill!!
 If there is injury to the body from liquid
nitrogen, seek immediate medical
assistance
 If liquid is splashed in the eyes, flush with
water for at least 15 minutes. Seek
immediate medical attention.
 Skin contact may cause frostbite and
burns. Soak affected part in tepid water
and seek immediate medical attention.
Skin contact is a medical emergency. Lack
of prompt medical attention may result in
amputation!!!
 Notify persons in the area that a spill has
occurred.
 Prevent the spread of contamination by
covering the spill with absorbent paper.
 Clean up the spill using disposable gloves
and absorbent paper. Carefully fold the
absorbent paper with the clean side out
and place in a plastic bag for Transfer to a
radioactive waste container. Also put
the contaminated gloves and any other
contaminated disposable material in the
bag.
 With a low‐range radiation detector
survey meter, survey the area around the
spill, your hands, clothing, and shoes for
contamination. Wash contaminated skin.
 All personnel contamination (e.g. shoes,
skin, and clothing) must be reported.
32
  Check the effect of spilling to the
background.
Table 6: Incident Case Scenario for Gamma spectroscopy Laboratory in RID

Analytical Chemistry Laboratories

Scenari
Incident Preventive and Response Action
o No.

Spill of Corrosive

Analytical Chemistry Laboratories use

different corrosive acid, Concentrated and
Move slowly while holding the bottle with both
diluted
hands and put it in the nearest available fume
While the worker handled the acid bottles, hood.
or while adding acids to the samples, acid
1 Take the clothes of and take shower with cold
might spill on the ground or on the work
water.
bench, it might be pour or splashed on the
worker clothes or touched the body, eyes or Wash hands continuously with water for 30
skin. Minutes.
One accident happened in the preparation
chemistry lab. Concentrated Hydrofluoric
acid was spilled and comes on the hand of
one of the worker ladies.

Broken of Hg Thermometer
Analytical Chemistry Laboratories use the hg
Thermometer to control the temperature
either on the rooms or in the refrigerators
and sometimes to measure the solution Don’t let anyone walk through the mercury on
temperature during the preparation their way out.
procedure, if the worker is busy or not
concentrated while working. The Hg Open all windows and doors to the outside and
2 Thermometer might be broke for any other shut all doors to other parts of the Lap.
circumstances like raising the temperature Clean up mercury from the following surfaces:
above the required limit, or the maximum wood, linoleum, tile and any similarly smooth
range of graduated thermometer, in this surfaces.
case the Hg metal goes on the ground or on
the working bench, this lead to contaminate
the lab or benches and inhalation to the Hg
vapor and to the subliming metal will
happened.
Table 7: Incident Case Scenario for Analytical Chemistry Laboratory in RID

33
 Chemical and Physical Analysis Laboratories

Physical Preparation Section

Scenari
Incident Preventive Action
o No.

 The periodic maintenance for the

Fire due to Short circuit caused by failure in
1 electrical system.
cable and plugs.
 Possession of Fire extinguisher.

Electric shock caused by failure in cable and  The periodic maintenance for Cables and
2
plugs. plugs.

Eye injuries resulting from solid particles,  The Use of Protective goggles.
3
especially from jaw crusher machine.  Possession of eye washer.

 The ventilation system should be

Asphyxia caused by dust, especially in the
4 effective by use of proper vans
absence of proper ventilation.
and blowers.

Injuries resulting from the possibility of the

fall of the jaw crusher and disk mill if not  Jaw crusher and disk mill should
5
install it in the right way to the floor of the be fixed to the floor.
laboratory.

 Awareness session about the use

Injuries caused by jaw crusher In the case of of jaw crusher by correct way.
6
wrong use by the employee.  Possession of Impact resistance
gloves.

Injuries resulting from the fall of the soil

7 Keep heavy samples below head level shelf.
samples which have heavy weights.

Injuries resulting from the carryon of the

Awareness session about the left of heavy samples
8 soil samples which have heavy weights
by correct way.
when left by the wrong way.

Burns resulting from hold the sample try

9 from drying oven and not to wait the try  The Use of heat resistance gloves.
until cool down.
Table 8: Incident Case Scenario for Physical Preparation Laboratory in CPAL

Physical Analysis Section

34
Scenari
Incident Preventive Action
o No.

Bunsen burners have very few malfunctions. If a

malfunction occurs, turn off the gas and notify your
facilitator- end of problem.
Lab burners are the source of most
1 The flame from alcohol burners is hard to see. Pay
problems.
close attention when using them.
Be aware when a burner is in use at your lab
station. Be extremely careful during that time.

This type of fire is cause by carelessness and easily

prevented. Take only one lab sheet to your station
to follow your written procedures and record data.
Paper is the most common type of fire in the Leave all reference materials at your desk. If you
2 need to refer to reference material, leave the lab
lab.
area to do so.
If a paper fire occurs, push the paper into the lab
sink and turn on the water - end of problem.

Don't panic!
If you are the one involved in a fire - stay where
Clothing or Hair is the most dangerous type you are - help is coming.
3
of fire in the lab. This is still your best course of action.
If you are not on the floor by the time your
facilitator gets to you, he will PUT you on the floor.
Table 9: Incident Case Scenario for Physical Analysis in CPAL

Chemical Analysis Section

Incident Preventive Action

1. Mobilization of gases and chemicals

Transportation 1- Use a cart with secured chain, 2- Keep the

Fall of cylinders that make Personal
of Argon gas cylinders secured with chains even when
injuries and property damage
cylinders connected to the gas collector.

Transportation 1- Fall of bottles, 2- Chemicals spillage, 1- Move slowly while holding the bottle with
of Chemicals that make Personal injuries and property both hands (on the cap and bottom) and put it
damage in the nearest available fume hood. 2- Two
people should be there to carry out this

35
 process.

2. Chemical Digestion

1- Wear all necessary personal protection

equipment (PPE). 2- Prepare all solutions inside
Chemical 1-Odor, 2- Skin contact, 3- Eye contact, a fume hood. 3- In case of skin or eye contacts,
solution that make Personal injuries and property wash immediately and continuously with
Preparation damage flowing water for at least 30 minutes. 4- Follow
the MSDS precautions. 5- Cover the property
with acid-resistant materials to avoid damage.

1- Wear all necessary personal protection

equipment (PPE). 2- Conduct the heating inside
a fume hood, and leave the sash fully closed. 3-
Make sure that the set point of the hot plate is
Heating Over pressure and/or over correct. 4- Check vessels for any leak. 5- Hold
samples temperature.1- Vessels melting down. 2- the vessels over the hot plate using metallic
overnight Hot plate damage racks to make sure that they are not close to
each other’s and avoid falling (safe
positioning). 6- Double check by the lab
supervisor is a must and triple check by third
person is preferred.

1- Wear all necessary personal protection

equipment (PPE). 2-Make sure that the vessels
are cold before opening for drying so as to
Chemical avoid chemicals spillage or fume release. 3-
1- Chemical spillage. 2-over temperature.
sample Dismantle the caps inside the fume hood. 3-
1- Personal injury. 2- Dig block damage
digestion Review the MSDS precautions. 4- Make sure
that the operating temperature is the same of
set point ± 2 ˚C. 5- Wear double gloves when
chemicals added during digestion.

1-Wear all necessary personal protection

equipment (PPE). 2- Make sure that the vessels
Transferring
are cold before opening. 3- Pour the samples
solutions into Gas leakage/ solution spill, which makes
into 50 ml tubes while having a distance
50 ml test Personal Injury / damage to property.
between the tube and body. 4- Store samples
tubes
in the "ready samples refrigerator" or in a
cabinet at room temperature.

A- Electricity: 1- Hot plates/Dig blocks that

Fire and Explosion/ Electric shock, that need higher power must be fed directly from
Main power an installed socket point (avoid extensions). 2-
makes Personal injury/ Equipment
supply failure The cable must be in good condition and free
damage.
from breaks in the insulation/wires. 3- Cable
must be robust to withstand the wear/ tear of

36
 laboratory and fully waterproof. 4-
Cracked/broken plugs must not be used. 5-
Power must be switched off before touching
the injured person in electric shock.
B- Fire precautions: 1- Water must not be used
on electrical fires. Fire safety precautions
include:
2- Risk reduction and controlling spread of fire.
3- Fire detection devices and warning people
alarms.
4- Escaping routes are available at all times.
5- Providing all proper firefighting equipment.
6- Providing information, instructions and
training about fire precautions and the
evacuation plan to anyone who may be
affected
7- Periodic maintenance of all fire safety
equipment.

3. ICP-MS & ICP-OES Analysis

1- Wear all necessary personal protection

equipment (PPE). 2- Prepare all solutions inside
a laminar flow. 3- In case of skin or eye
1-Odor, 2- Skin contact, 3- Eye contact,
Preparing contacts, wash immediately and continuously
that make Personal injuries and property
acidic solutions with flowing water for at least 30 minutes. 4-
damage.
Follow the MSDS precautions. 5- Cover the
property with acid-resistant materials to avoid
damage.

1- Wear all necessary personal protection

equipment (PPE). 2- Prepare all solutions inside
a laminar flow. 3- In case of skin or eye
1-Odor, 2- Skin contact, 3- Eye contact,
contacts, wash immediately and continuously
Sample dilution that make Personal injury and property
with flowing water for at least 30 minutes. 4-
damage
Follow the MSDS precautions. 5- Cover the
property with acid-resistant materials to avoid
damage.

Power outage Torch box Over temperature, that make 1- Available UPS to meet the power demand.
Property damage. 2- Conduct the shutdown procedures. 3- In
case there was no available time on the
charged UPS, emergency shutdown must be
performed by hitting the plasma stop button
and switch off the vacuum accordingly. 4-
Switch off the instrument. 5- Never open the
torch box before cooling down the system to

37
 the room temperature so as to avoid released
gases from plasma.

1- Available UPS to meet the power demand.

2- Perform the emergency shutdown
Torch box Over temperature, which make procedure by hitting the plasma stop button
Chiller failure
Damage to equipment. and switch off the vacuum accordingly. 3-
Ensure correct level of chiller coolant before
every run.

4. Sample Disposal

1- Wear all necessary personal protection

equipment (PPE). 2-Follow CPAL-SOP-10. 3- In
Disposal of 1-Odor. 2- Skin contact. 3- Eye contact, case of skin or eye contacts, wash immediately
analysed which makes Personal Injuries & property and continuously with flowing water for at
samples damage. least 30 minutes. 4- Follow the MSDS
precautions. 5- Cover the property with acid-
resistant materials to avoid damage.
Table 10: Incident Case Scenario for Chemical Analysis in CPAL

Radioactive Waste Management Directorate/CSF

Scenari
Incident Preventive Action
o No.

 The periodic maintenance for the

Fire due to Short circuit caused by failure in
1 electrical system.
cable and plugs.
 Possession of Fire extinguisher.

Electric shock caused by failure in cable and  The periodic maintenance for
2
plugs. Cables and plugs.

 The periodic maintenance for the

3 The probability of rain water leaked.
facility.

4 Fire occurrence.  Possession of Fire extinguisher.

Injuries that could be occurring through

5 using different tools to dismantling the  Possession of first aid box.
radioactive sources.

 Monitoring workplace periodically

6 Radioactive contamination. (contamination measurement and
background dose rate).

7 Stealing the radioactive waste.  Detect, Delay.

38
 Table 11: Worst Case Scenario for Central Storage Facility
Gamma Irradiator Facility
Scenari
Incident
o No.
Co 60 pool water over flow when it was
1 directly connected to the governmental
network water system.
Stuck source in irradiation position while it
2
is raised up.
control system is out of order that does not
3 give the operator any information about the
source position
One (or more) of the workers are still inside
4 the irradiation area during the closing of the
doors and raise the source to the top.
Table 12: Worst Case Scenario for Gamma Irradiator Facility
Preventive Action
 Disconnect the pool from
governmental network water
system, and manually carry out
after loading process from 1m3
tank can be done.
 lift up piston and goes down to
safe position by putting the power
of into the lifting piston which kills
the pressure difference in both
piston sides and gravity force
lower the source rack.
 there a possibility to lower it
manually by pushing long stainless
steel rods from upper floor
forcing the source rack to safe
position.
 operator has to depend on survey
meter to detect the irradiation
level in the source hoisting room.
if the source in irradiation
position the operator has to lower
it down to safe position manually
by pushing long stainless steel
rods from upper floor forcing the
source rack, till the electrical
defects of control system fixed.
 Pull the metal rod that located on
the perimeter of the wall inside
irradiation area to stop the lift
source process and then it will
come down to the bottom of
pool.
39
Appendices:

Appendix I: Emergency Response Organization

Emergency Director

Technical Support Managers Emergency Advisor

Logistics & Resources Coordinators Radiological Assessor

Radiological Emergency Response

Team Leader

40
Appendix II: On-Site Emergency Contact Directory
Name &Position Phone Location Extension

41
42
Appendix III: Off-Site Emergency Contact Directory
Name & Organization Primary Phone/Mobile Secondary Phone Extension
Civil Defense Dept. 911
EMRC

Appendix IV: Hazard Location and Contact Person

43
Ground floor (CPAL – RID – UXD)

Hazards Location Contact Person Ext.

Liquid nitrogen Gamma spectroscopy

Argon gas Analytical chemistry

Flammable materials (chemicals) Chemical preparation

X-ray machine X-Ray Fluorescence

Ar(Ch4) gas

He gas

Butane gas (out)

Flammable materials (chemicals) Extraction Lab.

Radioactive isotopes (gamma SSDL

sources)

X-ray machine

Neutron sources

Radioactive samples Physical Preparation

Radioactive release (Dust, Mists,

Fumes, Organic, Vapors and Gases)

First floor (RID)

Hazards Location Contact Person Ext.

Point sources Alpha-Beta lab.

Tracers

Standards

Liquid nitrogen Gamma Spectroscopy

44
 Check sources

Flammable materials Radiochemistry lab.

(Chemicals)

Tracers

Compressed gas Radiochemistry lab.

Ar(Ch4) (LB)

Flammable materials Analytical Chemistry

(Chemicals) (ICP)

Compressed gas Analytical Chemistry

Ar(Ch4) (out) (ICP)

N2 (out)

Radioactive samples Physical Preparation

Gamma irradiator Facility

Hazards Location Contact Person Ext.

Radioactive sources Gamma Irradiator Facility

Contaminated water

Central Storage Facility

Hazards Location Contact Person Ext.

Radioactive waste Central Storage Facility

45
 Radioactive sources

Appendix V: List of Instruments to be used during an Emergency

# Instrument Name Model Location Calibration Date Radiation Type

10

11

12

13

46
14

15

16

1
7
1
8
1
9
2
0

Appendix VI: Categories of Nuclear and Radiation Related Threats

Threat Category Facility

I Nuclear Power Plant (It’s not our responsibilities)

II Jordan Research Training Reactor (It’s not our responsibilities)

III Gamma Irradiator Facility

IV Transport and Radioactive Waste Management facility

Research Laboratories and Information Directorate &

V Chemical and Physical Laboratories &

Uranium Extraction Laboratories

47
 Appendix VII: Intervention Levels and Operational Intervention Levels
Protective Action Generic Intervention Level (dose avertable) By IAEA

Sheltering 10 mSv < 2 days

Normalized to 1 Day 5 mSv

Evacuation 50 mSv < 1 week

Normalized to 1 Week 50 mSv

30 mSv 1st month, 10 mSv in subsequently month

Temporary Relocation
Or 1 Sv in lifetime

Terminated Relocation < 10 mSv / month

Permanent Resettlement Relocation lasting > 2 years or 1 Sv in lifetime

Iodine Prophylaxis Absorbed dose to thyroid 100 mGy (all age groups)

Closing Industrial Activity ---

Control of Access ---

Protection of Cattle and Feed ---

48
 0
Appendix VIII: Emergency Worker Dose Guidance Levels
Tasks Level (mSv)

Lifesaving actions, such as:

1. rescue from immediate threats to life; and > 500

2. Prevention or mitigation of conditions resulting in a general emergency in
a threat category I facility.
Potential lifesaving actions, such as:

1. implementation of urgent protective actions on site for a threat category,

II or III facility;
2. prevention or mitigation of conditions (e.g. fires) that potentially
endanger lives;
3. environmental monitoring of populated areas in the emergency zones to
identify where urgent protective actions are needed; and 500
4. Implementation of urgent protective actions off the site for a threat
category I or II facility.
Actions to prevent the development of catastrophic conditions, such as
prevention or mitigation of conditions resulting in an alert or higher class of
emergency in threat category II or III facility; or alert or site area emergency in
a threat category I facility.

Actions to prevent serious injury, such as:

1. rescue from potential threats of serious injury;

2. immediate treatment of serious injuries; and
3. Decontamination of people. 100
Actions to avert a large collective dose, such as:

1. environmental monitoring of populated areas to identify where protective

actions or food restrictions may be needed; and
2. Implementation of protective actions and food restrictions off site.
Other emergency phase intervention, such as:

1. longer term treatment of exposed and contaminated individuals;

2. sample collection and analysis; 50
3. short term recovery operations;
4. localized decontamination; and
5. Keeping the public informed.

49
 Recovery operations, such as:
Occupational
1. repairs to the facility not related to safety; exposure guidance
2. large scale decontamination; (50mSv in a single
3. waste disposal; and year)
4. Long term medical management.

Appendix IX: Radiological Emergency Response Team

Radiological Emergency Response Team

Phone Residence Emergency Position Current Title Name No

Number

10

11

12

13

50
References

a. IAEA Safety Standards/General Safety Requirements, NO. GSR PART 7, Preparedness and Response
for a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency.
b. Emergency Response Plan, Hungarian Atomic Energy Authority, Version 1; June, 2003.
c. Emergency Response Plan, Hungarian Atomic Energy Authority, Version 1; June, 2003.
d. General Safety Guide No. GS-G-2, “Criteria for Use in Preparedness and Response for a Nuclear or
Radiological Emergency" (2011).
e. Safety Guide No. GS-G-2.1 "Arrangements for Preparedness for a Nuclear or Radiological
Emergency" (2007).
f. Safety No. TS-G-1.2 (ST-3) "Planning and Preparing for emergency Response to Transport Accidents
Involving Radioactive Material" (2002).
g. Method for Developing Arrangements for Response to a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency,
Updating IAEA-TECDOC-953, Publication date Oct. 2003.
h. Canadian Guidelines for Intervention during a nuclear Emergency, Published by authority of the
Minister of Health, Nov.2003.
i. Guideline levels for radionuclides in food-and feedstuffs, Hungarian Food Chain Safety Office, Food
and Feed Safety Directorate.
j. Operational Intervention Levels in a nuclear Emergency, General Concepts and a Probabilistic
Approach, Nordic Nuclear Safety Research, Published in Dec.1997.

51