hello this is dr.

Gandhi welcome to my
video on the theory of person-centered
therapy
person-centered therapy was developed by
Carl Rogers and it emphasizes the
relationship between the counselor and
the client and the ability of a client
to self actualize so let's start by
taking a look at the theory of
personality behind person-centered
therapy under this theory human
development is consistent with positive
growth which is different than many of
the therapies that were being used at
the time
Rogers developed person-centered therapy
individuals need positive regard and
they have to have it for themselves
and they need it from others as well the
optimal level of human functioning is
achieved when these needs for positive
regard are satisfied consistent with
existential therapy Rogers believed that
human beings had a capacity for self
awareness that they searched for meaning
in their lives and that they sought to
resolve the tension between freedom and
responsibility Rogers believed the
clients have the ability to cope with a
wide range of thoughts feelings and
behaviors that they have the potential
for change and he felt it was important
that counselors believe in this
potential for change they believe their
clients can achieve self-directed growth
clients seek congruence between self and
experience and this is really a key part
of person-centered therapy this idea of
congruence between a human being and
their understanding of themselves and
their understanding of their experiences
and another key part is this strive for
self-actualization and to become a fully
functioning person self-actualization is
the tendency to express and activate all
the capacities of a person so let's take
a look at what causes symptoms under the
theory of person-centered therapy and
not surprisingly in congruence is a
major cause of symptoms Rogers believed
that the feeling of in congruence would
first start when an individual usually
as a child encountered conditional worth
that is when they're worth appeared
dependent on something they did or did
not do this in congruence is thought to
produce anxiety and this anxiety is
thought to lead that a sense to a sense
that the unified self is under attack
when a person believes that the unified
unified self is under attack
they engage in efforts to relieve
anxiety and two of these main efforts
are denial and defensiveness Rogers also
believed that frustrated basic impulses
again this is mostly in childhood lead
to negative feelings and a lack of
development of social skills
so with these causes of symptoms in mind
let's take a look at the techniques of
person-centered therapy now unlike many
other counseling therapies
person-centered therapy does not have a
lot of traditional techniques in this
way it's similar to existential therapy
it's more about the creation of a
therapeutic environment that facilitates
the client to have congruence between
themselves the idea of self and their
experiences so this development of
therapeutic alliance is the technique in
person-centered therapy now this
technique can be developed into or
broken down into several sub techniques
and I'll talk about that but first let's
take a look at the six conditions that
Rogers believed led to therapeutic
change the first one is that the
counsellor and the client have to be in
psychological contact and the idea here
is there there has to be a relationship
so that the counsellor is able to have
an impact on the client and the client
is able to have an impact on the
counsellor now oftentimes we take this
for granted that a counselor and a
client do have psychological contact
between them but this is not always the
case and psychological contact this
level is not met simply by a counsellor
client being in the same room the second
condition that leads to client change is
that the client is experiencing in
congruence so without this in congruence
without this level of distress client
change is not possible the third
condition is that the counselor is
congruent and genuine and sometimes we
refer to this as being authentic so to
meet this condition a counselor needs to
be aware of themselves aware of their
level of communication with the client
be open in relationships and be
spontaneous the fourth condition is that
the counselor shows unconditional
positive regard we also refer to this as
a non-judgmental stance so the
counsellor does not establish any
conditions of worth
now it's particularly interesting about
this level this condition is that Rogers
considered both positive and negative
judgments to be disruptive to client
change now it is particularly common in
other counseling modalities for a
counselor not to make negative judgments
but positive judgements are fairly
common in counseling therapies the fifth
condition is that the counselor
experiences and expresses empathy toward
the client that is they effectively
communicate their understanding of a
client's feelings and the sixth
condition is that the client perceives
this empathy and acceptance by the
counselor
so expressing empathy and being
empathetic isn't enough by itself the
client has to understand and appreciate
that empathy and feel accepted by the
counselor now moving on with techniques
and again the main technique of course
in person-centered is the building of
that therapeutic alliance so you could
think of the items on the left here as
sub techniques of that attempt to build
a therapeutic alliance and one of the
most notable is the concept of
non-directive 'no sand this is an area
of person-centered therapy that is much
different than many other counseling
therapies counseling therapies in
general have Directive components to
various degrees but in person-centered
therapy and the theory of person
centered therapy a counselor needs to be
non-directive all the time
a counselor needs to generate an
environment that facilitates change as I
mentioned earlier and non-directive 'no
siz a really key part of building that
correct environment next the counselor
needs to be good at active listening and
that includes paraphrasing reflecting
clarifying and summarizing but there is
no providing of advice and no questions
and no interpretations taking a look at
the right side here we have some items
listed I have the stages of therapeutic
progress and these stages were proposed
by Rogers and they're fairly
straightforward he believed that at
first a client would normally be closed
not open to experience not self aware
and as therapy progressed they would be
open to experience more self-aware and
have positive self-regard moving down to
the goals of person-centered therapy in
person-centered therapy the goals are
set by the client the counselor has no
role in goal setting that would be
considered directive so even though the
counselor is not taking any role in
setting goals the counselor hopes that
the client will experience congruence
between self and experiences and move
toward and eventually become self
actualized so the client will progress
towards self-actualization and
eventually realize that
self-actualization so taking a look at
these goals and keep in mind the
techniques and the theory of personality
and the causes of symptoms in
person-centered therapy it's clear that
it's much different
as a because it's represented as a
complete theory of counseling it's much
different than many of the other
theories of counseling that were used at
the time it was developed and that
exists now which brings me to my opinion
of how we can use the theory of
person-centered counseling as we try to
incorporate it integrate it into our
counseling style well in my opinion
person-centered therapy has some very
strong contributions to make but also
some significant weaknesses on the
positive side you have the therapeutic
alliance and I think that the way the
therapeutic alliance is described in
person-centered therapy and utilized is
very helpful and can be used or or most
of it can be used in other therapies
integrating other modalities together to
generate and develop your counseling
style several other theories essentially
use the therapeutic alliance as
described in person-centered therapy but
they accomplish the therapeutic alliance
through a more directive approach with
that in mind I think that we develop
important counseling skills from
practicing non-directive 'no sand I
think non-directive 'no SAP lace in the
counseling relationship as you progress
with the therapy I like the positive
view of development that we see in the
theory of person-centered therapy I
think it's useful to the client and I
think it's a realistic way to look at
human development also useful in this
theory is the idea that we're helping
the client to realize their full
potential
I believe there are more useful and
efficient ways to realize this potential
but person-centered therapy emphasizes
the realizations potential and I think
that's important probably the most
important contributions at least for me
and how I develop my counseling style
are the next three items and these three
items are popular among many counselors
and that is the idea of accurate empathy
so that basic empathy really isn't
enough we have to work to be accurate in
the statements that we make that are
designed to be empathetic the next is
the idea of unconditional positive
regard would recall the non-judgmental
stance this is a foundation of many
counseling theories the idea that as
counselors were not here to make
judgments but rather have a positive
regard for a client's that comes with no
conditions attached and then the third
key concept is the idea of authenticity
or genuineness and this means that in
the present moment with the client we're
going to be ourselves we're going to be
spontaneous we're going to react to
things that are said or behaviors that
are exhibited and I believe this
authenticity takes practice to develop
just as the non-judgmental stance does
and the accurate empathizing does but
when it's done correctly and a counselor
can be authentic it has a positive
impact on the client and helps build the
therapeutic alliance now there are some
areas of the theory of person-centered
therapy that I do not believe are as
useful
I view the this theory in general as
useful but incomplete
you remember the six conditions of
client change that Rogers put forth he
believed they were necessary and
sufficient and my view and this is a
view that is relatively popular is that
those conditions are necessary but they
are not sufficient if in repeated
counseling sessions a counselor is only
offering non-directive statements not
asking questions not providing advice at
any level to any degree throughout the
relationship I believe the result is
usually a strained counseling
relationship meaning these techniques
can be positive and helpful but when
they're adhered to rigidly eventually a
client will become understandably
frustrated that the counselor is not
leaving the conversation in one
direction or another or offering any
real advice I think realistically and I
think this is understandable at some
point clients seek in the therapeutic
relationship the opinion of the
counselor they want to know what
counselors think of them and we can
offer this opinion I believe in many
cases without making judgment while
maintaining accurate empathy and while
being authentic so to summarize persons
are at therapy it is a useful therapy at
the time it was developed it was quite
different than the other counseling
therapies that were available it's had a
significant impact on other theories of
counseling again with many theories of
counseling adopting
accurate empathy the non-judgmental
stance and authenticity as part of the
role of a counselor and at the same time
this theory particularly with the non
directive and non advice giving
component may seem incomplete to many
counselors and clients I hope you found
this video on the theory of
person-centered therapy to be helpful as
always if you have any questions or
concerns feel free to contact me and
I'll be happy to assist you
English (auto-generated)
AllMedia theoriesPsychologyRelatedFrom Dr. Todd GrandeRecently uploadedWatched

hello this is dr. Grande today's

question is what are my criticisms of
person-centered therapy so this question
was submitted by a subscriber and I'll
certainly answer it I'm going to start
with just a summary of person-centered
therapy before getting into criticisms
so person-centered therapy is also known
as Rogerian therapy it was created by
Carl Rogers and there were several names
for it but I'm just going to refer to it
as person-centered therapy because that
was the final name in the theory now
person-centered therapy is a positive
therapy and it's designed to help a
client achieve what Rogers referred to
as self actualization it was highly
dependent on the therapeutic alliance
and it holds the client as the expert
Rogers believed that a client was moving
towards success moving towards
self-actualization and would get there
but sometimes obstacles will get in the
way and this is where persons out there
be could be helpful
he has three core conditions in his
theory accurate empathy unconditional
positive regard and authenticity now
what's interesting about person-centered
therapy is its non directive so unlike a
lot of other therapies there's never
really any advice given there's an idea
in person Sarah P that if the therapist
can just stay out of the way and be
empathetic and non-judgmental and be
genuine or authentic that progress will
be made so for some of the criticisms of
Rogerian therapy well the first
criticism would be the idea of
non-directive therapy really this would
be more accurate if it was categorized
as less directive therapy all therapy in
some sense is directive we can consider
the idea of bias when we consider the
idea of whether therapy is non directive
or directive all human beings have some
amount of bias it sits on a continued
and of course mental health clinicians
work to minimize the impact of their
bias but it's always going to be there
even if it's subtle so in a non
directive therapy like person-centered
therapy the bias of the therapists is
still intruding on the counseling
session we accept that as part of
counseling it's what happens as part of
the human condition and it can't be
avoided certainly as I mentioned
therapists work to avoid bias especially
harmful bias but some bias is still
going to be there so really to say that
a therapy is non directive and to mean
that it's purely non-directive means
that there's no therapist in the room
true non-directive therapy would be a
client sitting in an office by
themselves so the idea that
non-directive therapy even exists is one
of my criticisms of person-centered
therapy another criticism of
person-centered therapy is the
reflection piece there's a lot of
reflections a lot of encouragers used in
this session and this can seem like an
echo so if somebody wants direct advice
the practical advice they could be
frustrated by the therapist rephrasing
what they say so I think this is helpful
to an extent I think reflecting of
course is important but persons that
there be pure person silent therapy
takes it too far other criticisms I've
heard about persons aren't therapy
include that these core conditions even
though they were first packaged this way
by Carl Rogers
had already existed therapeutic
modalities such as Adlerian therapy
already used a similar approach to form
a therapeutic alliance to be fair with
this criticism call Rogers as I
mentioned is the first person who put it
all together in this way and he really
wrote a lot about the therapeutic
alliance and how these core conditions
relate to it
another common criticism I hear is that
persons aren't therapy lacks structure
and that it takes too long meaning we
can see a possible solution a way to be
helpful to the client
but we deliberately don't mention it
because we want to remain out of the
clients way we want to keep reflecting
and not involve our own bias and our own
ideas I think this is a fair criticism
of person-centered therapy it makes
sense in an environment where there's
the old direction that therapy could
take too long the last common criticism
I've heard of person-centered therapy is
that Rogers claimed that person said
therapy worked for every disorder and of
course we know that it does seem to be
effective for some disorders and not as
much for others now with all these
criticisms of persons at therapy in mind
it's important to realize of course that
these don't negate the value of
person-centered therapy and the really
incredible contribution that Rogers made
to mental health therapy in general
person-centered therapy I don't believe
works well as a standalone modality but
it's fairly critical that it's
integrated into other modalities it is
the way of being for a number of
therapeutic modalities and without
person-centered therapy without the
contributions of Rogers it's hard to
imagine how some of these other
modalities would really have a way of
being what would they use they would
have to come back to something based on
the work of Rogers or something similar
to that
so overall person-centered therapy is
important but it's limited and I feel
that it's better used when it's
integrated with other modalities I hope
you found this description of the
criticisms of rosarian therapy to be
interesting thanks for watching
English (auto-generated)