Sreedhar’s CCE

LATER MUGHALS

Bahadur Shah-l (1707-1712)

 His original name was Muzzam.
 His titles-Bahadur Shah-I, Shah-i-Bekhabar and Shah Alam-I.
 A war of succession started after the death of Aurangzeb in 1707, among his three
sons-Muazzam (governor of Kabul), Azam(governor of Gujarat) KamBaksh (governor
of Bijapur).
 Muazzam defeated his brothers and ascended the throne with the title of Bahadur
Shah-I.
 He made peace with Guru Gobind Singh.
 He granted Sardeshmukhi to Marathas and also released Shahu. But, didn’t recog-
nized ‘Sahu’ as Marata successors
Jahandar Shah (1712-13)
 In 1712 civil war, Jahandar Shah emerged victorious and ascended the throne with
the help of Zulfiqar Khan.
 He was the uncapable ruler and handed over his powers to Zulfiqar Khan.
 He gave the title Mirza Raja Sawai to Raja Jai Singh.
FarrukhShiyar (1713-1719)
 FarrukhShiyar ascended the throne with the help of Sayyid brothers (Abdullah Khan
and Hussain Khan).
 They were known as the King Makers.
 Sayyid Abdullah Khan became the Wazir and Hussain Khan became the Mir Bakshi.
Farrukh
 Shiyar was killed by the Sayyid brothers in 1719.
Muhammad Shah (1719-48)
 He neglected the administration spent his most of the time in pleasure.
 During his period, Nadir Shah raided India in 1738.
 He destroyed the Mughal empire, ruined Delhi and took away the peacock throne and
Kohinoor iamond.
 Nizam-ul-Mulk (Original name Ching-leich Khan) his Wazir, denied the post, went to
Deccan
 and established the State of Hyderabad.
 During his period MurshidQuli Khan, the governor of Bengal asserted independence
and established the independent State of Bengal.
 Saadat Khan Burhan-ul-Mulk, the governor of Awadh established the independant
State of Awadh
Ahmad Shah (1748-1754)
 Beetween 1748 to 1761, Ahmad Shah Abdali attacked many times and looted Mathura
and Delhi.
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Sreedhar’s CCE
Alamgir-ll ( 1754-1759)
 During his reign Ahmad Shah Abdali occupied Delhi.
 Battle of Plassey(1757) taken place.
Shah Alam-ll (1759-1806)
 He himself was so much feared of his own Wazir that he transferred his capital from
one place to another.
 He did not entered into Delhi for 12 years, with the fear of Imad-ul-mulk
 In 1761,Ahmad Shah Abdali defeated Marathas in the III Battle of Panipat.
 During his period, he along with Nawab of Bengal, Mir Qasim and Nawab of
AwadhShujauddaula fought the Battle of Buxarln 1764, but they were defeated by the
British
 1764 Treaty of Allahabad
 Najib khan Rohilla declared himself as dictator of Delhi
 Bengal famine 1770
Akbar Shah- II (1806-37)
 During the rule of Akbar Shah-ll, Lord Hastings ceased to accept the sovereignty of
Mughals and claimed an equal status.
 He conferred the title of ‘Raja’ to Ram Mohan Roy.
Bahadur Shah-II (1837-1857)
 He was also known as Bahadur Shah Jafar.
 He was confined to Red Fort by British.
 During the sepoy’s mutiny in 1857, he supported the revolters.
 They proclaimed him as Shahen Shah of Hindustan (Emperor of India) by the rebel-
lions.
 Later Bahadur Shah II was deported to Rangoon where he died in 1862.