™ The specific heat capacities of copper and water are given in the table on the opposite page. 41 Water has a very high specific heat capacity. Give two practical uses of this. 2 a How much thermal eneray is needed to raise the ‘temperature of 1 kg of copper by 1 °C? b Ifa 10 kg block of copper cools from 100 °C to 50°C, how much thermal energy does it give out? c If, in part b, the copper were replaced by water, how much thermal energy would this give out? 3 A210 W heater is placed in 2 kg of water and switched ‘on for 200 seconds. How much energy is needed to raise the temperature of 2 kg of water by 1 °C? How much energy does the heater supply? Assuming that no thermal energy is lost, what is the temperature rise of the water?latent heat of fusion of ice 1 Some crystals were melted to form a hot liquid, which ‘was then left to cool. As it cooled, the readings in the table below were taken. a What was happening to the liquid between 10 and 20 minutes after it started to cool? b What is the melting point of the crystals in °C? Time/minutes 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 TemperaturerC 90 75 68 68 68 62 58 330 000 J/kg; specific latent heat of vaporization of water 300 000 J/kg 2 Energy is needed to turn water into water vapour (steam). How does the kinetic theory explain this? 3 How much eneray is needed to change ‘a 10kg of ice into water at the same temperature b 10kg of water into water vapour at the same temperature? 4* A 460 watt water heater is used to boil water. Assuming no thermal energy losses, what mass of steam will it produce in 10 minutes?