Roa, Josefina Carmen P.

June 4,
2021

Activity No. 8
Management of Poisoning
(Cardiovascular System Involvement)

Explain how the following occur during poisoning and give emergency measures in correcting:

Occurrence Emergency Measures

a. Circulatory failure or Cardiotropic drugs may 1. Check if the patient is
shock compromise cardiac output conscious.
leading to circulatory shock at 2. Open the airway and make
toxic doses sure the tongue is not
blocking the throat.
3. Check if the patient is
breathing.
4. Clean out the mouth and
clear the throat.
5. Give mouth-to-mouth
respiration.
6. Check if the heart is
beating.
7. If the heart is beating, but
the patient is still not
breathing, carry on with
mouth-to-mouth respiration.
8. If the heart is not beating,
give heart massage.
9. If the patient is breathing
but is unconscious, turn him
or her onto one side, into the
recovery position.
10. Give first aid for fits if
necessary.
11. Call local emergency
service.

Specific treatment varies

depending on the nature and
the dose of the drugs
ingested as well as causal
mechanism including
vasopegia, hypovolaemia,
cardiogenic effects and
sepsis.
b. Congestive heart failure Poisons can reduce cardiac Beta-blockers, ACE
 contractility, resulting in a
decrease in the cardiac ejection
fraction and cardiac output,
hypotension, and development of
congestive heart failure
c. Cardiac arrest Cardiac arrest can be caused by
anything that causes death. One
common cause, especially in
adults, is an abnormal heart
rhythm (arrhythmia). Another
possible cause is stopping
breathing, such as when a
person drowns or has severe
pneumonia.
inhibitors, glycosides, and
diuretics are the key
medications used for
managing congestive heart
failure through regulating
renal function and the
sympathetic nervous
system.
A rescuer who finds
someone unconscious
should first determine if the
person is unresponsive by
shaking the person and
loudly asking, "Are you OK?"
If there is no response, the
rescuer should turn the
person's body face up and
look to determine whether
breathing has also stopped.
If the person does not
respond to stimulation and is
not breathing or is breathing
abnormally (for example,
gasping), emergency
resuscitation measures are
begun and emergency
medical assistance should
be sought, for example, by
calling 911 or the local
emergency service.
2 (two) CPR methods:
 Standard (done by
rescuers trained in
standard CPR)
 Compression only
(done by rescuers
untrained in—or
reluctant to do—
artificial respiration)
References:

Kaji, AH, et al. 2020. MSD Manual Consumer Version. Injuries and Poisoning. First Aid.
Retrieved from https://www.msdmanuals.com/home/injuries-and-poisoning/first-
aid/cardiac-arrest

Klaassen, CD. 2013. Casarett & Doull’s Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poison. 8 th Edition.
Toxicant-Neurotransmitter Receptor Interactions. P77

Li, C, Miller, WT, Jiang, J. 2001. Pulmonary edema due to ingestion of organophosphate
insecticide. Am J Roentgenol. 1989;152(2):265–266. P.2. Retrieved from
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/pdfplus/10.2214/ajr.152.2.265

Physiopedia contributors. 2021. Pharmacological Managem ent of Congestive Heart Failur e.

Physiopedia. 275568. Retrieved from https://www.physio-
pedia.com/index.php?title=Pharmacological_Management_of_Congestive_Heart_Fa
ilure&oldid=275568

Taboulet P, Bismuth C. 1994. Collapsus par intoxication. Utilisation des agents cardiotropes
[Shock caused by poisoning. Use of cardiotropic agents]. Presse Med. 1994 Sep
17;23(27):1263-8. French. PMID: 7971861. Retrieved from
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7971861/

Whitworth, G. 2019. Healthline: What is Pulmonary Edema? Retreived from

https://www.healthline.com/health/pulmonary-edema#treatment