GIER, ESTIVEN M.

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN

BSCE-3A 07/17/2021

WRITE-UPS NO. 4

Topic: DESIGN OF FOOTING BASED ON NSCP 2015 AND ACI 318-14 |

REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN

Topic: Footing
 Footing the lowest load-bearing part of a building, typically below ground level is
called footing. They are Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC) footings, and are
made up of steel bars that act as a reinforcement to the concrete foundation,
which bears the entire weight of the home. The footings transfer the overall
weight to the ground easing the load on your home's structure.
 The size of footing is based on the area required to distribute the load of the
columns safely over the soil. These footings are provided over a 100 to 150 mm
bed concrete. Required reinforcements and thickness of footing are found by the
design engineers. Thickness may be uniform or varying.
 Footings are an important part of foundation construction. They are typically
made of concrete with rebar reinforcement that has been poured into an
excavated trench. The purpose of footings is to support the foundation and
prevent settling. Footings are especially important in areas with troublesome
soils.

GROSS AND NET SOIL PRESSURE IN FOOTING

Gross Pressure
 Is the total pressure at the base of footing due to the applied column loads
and footing self weight + overburden soil pressure (above the footing).
 It is the total pressure at the base of the footing due to the weight of the
superstructure and earth fill, if any.Net pressure intensity. It is the total
pressure at the base of the footing due to weight of the super structure. It is
the increase in pressure at foundation level, being the total weight less than
the weight of the soil permanently removed.
Net Pressure
 The pressure due to column loads only.
 Net pressure is essentially the difference between the fracturing fluid pressure
and the closure pressure and is the driving mechanism behind fracture
growth. The more pressure inside a fracture, the more potential there is for
growth. The term net pressure is only used when the fracture is open.
 In the design of concrete footing for shear and bending: Use the Factored NET
pressure only.

⁸WIDE BEAM SHEAR

 One check recognizes that the footing may fail in shear as a wide beam along
a critical section at a distance d from the column face in each direction. This
is called “beam shear” or “one-way shear” as it resembles the shear check in
a concrete beam.
Vw=Vu/φbwd
FOOTING ON PUNCHING SHEAR
 The punching shear is a failure mechanism in structural members like slabs
and foundation by shear under the action of concentrated loads. The action of
concentrated loads is on a smaller area in the structural members.
Vp=Vu/φbod
RECTANGULAR FOOTING WITH MOMENT
 Rectangular footing is provided when one of the projections of the footing is
restricted or the width of the footing is restricted. 9. 9 Rectangular combined
footing • longitudinally, the footing acts as an upward loaded beam spanning
between columns and cantilevering beyond.
 The footing supports the foundation and bears the entire weight of the
structure. Make a mistake in the design or construction of the footing, and the
results could be disastrous.. The footing provides a stable flat supportive base
that distributes the weight of the load of the structure into the surrounding soil.
The weight distribution is spread out through the soil as the distance
increases from the footing.
FOOTING THICKNESS
 Minimum foundation wall is 6 inches for masonry or concrete construction. The
minimum reinforced concrete footing thickness is 6 inches or 1 1/2 times the
length of the footing projection from the foundation wall.
 The footing thickness could be affected by the controlling shear ratio. The figure
below shows schematically the critical sections for shear.

MINIMUM FOOTING DEPTH

 The minimum depth of footing in sloping ground with the rock, the horizontal
distance shall be at least 600 mm or 2 feet from the lower edge of the footing. In
case of sloping ground with normal soil, the horizontal distance shall be 900 mm
or 3 feet from the lower edge of footing.
 Footings need to be minimum 1m deep by 600mm wide. We always trench fill
with concrete. Final decision will be with building control, hope you dont have any
large trees near.