Focus Academy for Career Enhancement 1

Infosys Mock Test 04A

Instructions

Before the Test:

(1) Keep only the identity card, pencil, eraser and sharpener with you. DO NOT KEEP with you books, rulers,
slide rules, drawing instruments, calculators, cellular phones, stop watches or any other devices or loose
paper.

(2) Use only HB pencil to fill in the Answer Sheet.

(3) Ensure that your name and roll number have been entered in the space provided correctly.

(4) Directions for answering the questions are given before each group of questions. Read these directions
carefully and answer the questions by darkening the appropriate circles on the Answer Sheet. Each question
has only one correct answer.

(5) All questions carry one mark each. Questions.

(6) Do your rough work only on the test booklet and NOT on the Answer Sheets.

At the start of the Test:

(1) As soon as the signal to start is given, open the test booklet.

How to Answer:

(1) This test contains two sections with 70 questions. You have 70 minutes to complete the test.

(2) Candidates found violating the instructions will be disqualified.

After the Test:

(1) At the end of the test remain seated. The invigilator will collect the Answer Sheet from your seat.

(2) You may retain this test booklet with you.

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 Focus Academy for Career Enhancement 2

Infosys Mock Test 04A

SECTION I-QUANTS & LOGICAL TIME ALLOWED-30min

DIRECTIONS (1-2): In each question below, are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and
II. You have to take the statements to be true even if they to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read the
conclusion and then decide which of the given conclusion logically follows from the given statements , disregarding
commonly known facts.
Give answer
(a) if only conclusion I follow
(b) if only conclusion II follow
(c) if either conclusion I or II follow
(d) if neither conclusion I nor II follow
(e) if both conclusions I and II follow

1) Statements: Bureaucrats marry only intelligent girls. Tanya is very intelligent.

Conclusions : I. Tanya will marry a bureaucrat. II. Tanya will not marry a bureaucrat
2) Statements : All flowers are trees. No fruit is tree.
Conclusions : I. No fruit is flower II. Some trees are flowers
3) This question consists of six statement followed by options consisting of three statements put together in a
specific order. Choose the option, where the third statement is a conclusion drawn from preceding two
statements
A: some pots are not vases. B: some vases are not pots
C: no table is a vase D: all vases are tables
E: some vases are pots F: no cup is a jug
(a) ACE (b) ACF (c) BDF (d) FDA
4) Statements: some blankets are beds. Some pillows are blankets. All beds are pillows.
Conclusion: I.some blankets are pillows II. Some pillow are beds. III. Some beds are blankets
(a) Only either I or II follows (b) Only I and either II or III follows
(c) Only III and either I or II follows (d) All I, II and III follows
5) Statements: Some trains are roads. No road is jungle. All flower are jungles.
Conclusion: I.Some trains are flowers II.Some trains are jungles
III.Some flowers are trains IV. No road is flower
(a) None follows (b) Only II follows (c) only III follows (d) only IV follows
Directions (questions 6 to 8) Study the information given below to answer the following questions
Six persons A, B, C, D, E and F are sitting on the ground in a hexagonal shape. All the sides of the hexagon so formed
are of same length. A is not adjacent to B or C; D is not adjacent to C or E; B and C are adjacent; F is in the middle of D
and C.

6) Who is at the same distance from D as E if from D?

(a) B (b) C (c) D (d) F
7) If one neighbor of A is D, who is the other one?
(a) B (b) C (c) E (d) F
8) Who is placed opposite to E?
(a) B (b) C (c) D (d) F
9) Pointing to a photograph, a lady tells pramod ,” I am the only daughter of this lady and her son is your maternal
uncle.” How is the speaker related to pramod’s father?
(a) Sister-in-law (b) wife (c) either a or b (d) neither a nor b
10) E is the son of A. D is the son of B. E is married to C. C is B’s daughter. How is D is related to E?
(a) Brother (b) uncle (c) father-in-law (d) brother in law

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 Focus Academy for Career Enhancement 3

Directions for question 11: Read the following data and answer the question asked.

’P= Q’ means ‘Q is the father of P’

’P* Q’ means ‘P is the sister of Q’
’P? Q’ means ‘Q is the mother of P’
’P $ Q’ means ‘P is the brother of Q’
’P & Q’ means ‘Q is the son of P’
’P x Q’ means ‘P is the daughter of Q’
11) Which of the following means ‘F is the paternal uncle of G’ ?
(a) G x L $ F $ N (b) N $ F $ L x G (c) G x M * F $ L (d) L = F $ Q & G

Directions for Questions 12 – 13: Refer to the following Figure and answer the questions asked:

12) Of every dollar received by the federal government, how much (in cents) is from corporate sources?
(a)32 (b)70 (c)30 (d)35
13) What percentage of the federal revenue is derived from borrowings?
(a)0.2% (b)0.02% (c)2.7% (d)1.2%

Directions for Questions 14 – 15: Refer to the following Graph and answer the questions asked::GRAPH
SHOWS EXPENDITURE ON ARMS BY DIFFERENT COUNTRIES (VALUE IN DOLLARS '000

MILLIONS)

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14) The amount spent by country C in 1983 is what percentage more than the amount spent by Countries A and B
together in 1977? (Find approximately)
(a)50% (b)179% (c)75% (d)13%
15) Which of the following statements must be true?
i.Country A spends minimum amount of its budget on arms.
ii.Throughout, Country C has spent the maximum amount on arms during the years shown.
iii.An examination of the information for the last 3 years reveals that generally all 3 countries are reducing
their expenditure on arms.
(a)i only. (b)i and ii only (c)i and iii only (d)None of the statements above.
16) Of the five villages P,Q, R, S and T situated close to each other, P is to the west of Q, R is to the south of P, T is to
the north of Q and S is to the east of T. Then, R is in which direction with respect to S?
(a) North-west (b) south-east (c) south-west (d) data inadequate
17) I start from my home and go 2 kms straight. Then, i turn towards my right and go 1 km. I turn again towards my
right and go 1 km again. If i’m north west from my home now, then in which direction did i go in the beginning?
(a) west (b) east (c) south (d) north
18)

19)

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 Focus Academy for Career Enhancement 5

20)

Directions (questions 21-23): Following questions consists of two statements numbered I and II. Decide whether
the data provided in the statements are sufficient to answer the question. Read both the statements and give answer
(a)If the data in statement I alone are sufficient to answer, while the data in the statement II alone are not sufficient
to answer the question
(b)If the data in statement II alone are sufficient to answer, while the data in the statement I alone are not sufficient
to answer the question
(c)If the data either in statement I alone or in the statement II alone are sufficient to answer the question
(d)If the data given in both statements I and II together are not sufficient to answer the question
(e)If the data given in both statements I and II together are necessary to answer the question

21) On which date of the month was Anjali born in feb’2004 ?

I. Anjali was born on a even date of the month.
II. Anjali birth date was a prime number
22) What is Nitin’s rank from the top in the class of 40 students?
I.There are ten students between Nitin and Deepak
II. Deepak is 25th from the top
23) How is Divya related to Shalini?
I.Divya’s mother is sister of shalini’s father
II.Shalini is the daughter of Divya’s grandfather’s only child.
24) Four subjects- physics, chemistry, maths and biology- were taught in four consecutive periods of an hour, each
starting from 8 am. At what time was the chemistry period scheduled?
I.Maths period ended at 10 am which was preceeded by biology
II.Physics was scheduled in last period
III.Maths period was immediately followed by chemistry.
(a)Only I (b)Only II (c)Only II and III (d)Only I and either II or III
25) What was the percentage of discount offered?
I. Profit earned by selling the article for RS.252 after discount was Rs.52
II.Had there been no discount, the profit earned would have been Rs.80
III.Had there been no discount, the profit earned would have been 40%
(a)Only I and II (b)II and either I or III (c)Only I and III (d)I and either II or III
26) A portion of $7200 is invested at a 4% annual return, while the remainder is invested at a 5% annual return. If
the annual income from both portions is the same, what is the total income from the two investments?
(a)$160 (b)$320 (c)$400 (d)$720

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27) The positions of the first and the second digits in the number 94316875 are interchanged. Similarly, the
positions of the third and fourth digits are interchanged and so on. Which of the following will be the third
number to the left of the seventh digit from the left end after the rearrangement?
(a)1 (b)4 (c)6 (d)None of these
28) In a row of 40 girls, when komal was shifted to her left by 4 places her number from the left end of the row
became 10. What was the number of swati from the right end of the row if swati was three places to the right of
komal’s original position?
(a)22 (b)23 (c)25 (d)24
29) The average wages of a worker during a fortnight comprising 15 consecutive working days was Rs.90 per day.
During the first 7 days, his average wages was Rs.87/day and the average wages during the last 7 days was
Rs.92 /day. What was his wage on the 8th day?
(a)83 (b)92 (c)90 (d)97
30) A watch which gains uniformly is 2 minutes low at noon on Monday and is 4 min. 48 sec fast at 2 p.m. on the
following Monday. When was it correct?
(a)2 p.m. on Tuesday (b)2 p.m. on Wednesday (c)3 p.m. on Thursday (d)1 p.m. on Friday

SECTION II – VERBAL TIME ALLOWED-40min

DIRECTIONS: Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.
PASSAGE
Between the eighth and eleventh centuries A.D., the Byzantine Empire staged an almost unparalleled economic
and cultural revival, a recovery that is all the more striking because it followed a long period of severe internal
decline. By the early eighth century, the empire had lost roughly two-thirds of the territory it had possessed in the
year 600, and its remaining area was being raided by Arabs and Bulgarians, who at times threatened to take
Constantinople and extinguish the empire altogether. The wealth of the state and its subjects was greatly
diminished, and artistic and literary production had virtually ceased. By the early eleventh century, however, the
empire had regained almost half of its lost possessions, its new frontiers were secure, and its influence extended
far beyond its borders. The economy had recovered, the treasury was full, and art and scholarship had advanced.
To consider the Byzantine military, cultural, and economic advances as differentiated aspects of a single
phenomenon is reasonable. After all, these three forms of progress have gone together in a number of states and
civilizations. Rome under Augustus and fifth-century Athens provide the most obvious examples in antiquity.
Moreover, an examination of the apparent sequential connections among military, economic, and cultural forms of
progress might help explain the dynamics of historical change.
The common explanation of these apparent connections in the case of Byzantium would run like this: when the
empire had turned back enemy raids on its own territory and had begun to raid and conquer enemy territory,
Byzantine resources naturally expanded and more money became available to patronize art and literature.
Therefore, Byzantine military achievements led to economic advances, which in turn led to cultural revival.
No doubt this hypothetical pattern did apply at times during the course of the recovery. Yet it is not clear that
military advances invariably came first. economic advances second, and intellectual advances third. In the 860’s the
Byzantine Empire began to recover from Arab incursions so that by 872 the military balance with the Abbasid
Caliphate had been permanently altered in the empire’s favor. The beginning of the empire’s economic revival,
however, can be placed between 810 and 830.Finally, the Byzantine revival of learning appears to have begun even
earlier. A number of notable scholars and writers appeared by 788 and, by the last decade of the eighth century, a
cultural revival was in full bloom, a revival that lasted until the fall of Constantinople in 1453.Thus the commonly
expected order of military revival followed by economic and then by cultural recovery was reversed in Byzantium.
In fact, the revival of Byzantine learning may itself have influenced the subsequent economic and military
expansion.

31) Which of the following best states the central idea of the passage?
(a) The Byzantine Empire was a unique case in which the usual order of military and economic revival
preceding cultural revival was reversed.

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(b) The economic, cultural, and military revival in the Byzantine Empire between the eighth and eleventh
centuries was similar in its order to the sequence of revivals in Augustan Rome and fifth-century Athens.
(c) After 810 Byzantine economic recovery spurred a military and, later, cultural expansion that lasted until
1453.
(d) The revival of the Byzantine Empire between the eighth and eleventh centuries shows cultural rebirth
preceding economic and military revival, the reverse of the commonly accepted order of progress.

32) The primary purpose of the second paragraph is which of the following?
(a) To establish the uniqueness of the Byzantine revival
(b) To show that Augustan Rome and fifth-century Athens are examples of cultural, economic, and military
expansion against which all subsequent cases must be measured
(c) To suggest that cultural, economic. and military advances have tended to be closely interrelated in different
societies.
(d) To argue that, while the revivals of Augustan Rome and fifth-century Athens were similar, they are unrelated
to other historical examples

33) It can be inferred from the passage that by the eleventh century the Byzantine military forces
(a) had reached their peak and begun to decline
(b) had eliminated the Bulgarian army
(c) were comparable in size to the army of Rome under Augustus
(d) were strong enough to withstand the Abbasid Caliphate’s military forces

34) It can be inferred from the passage that the Byzantine Empire sustained significant territorial losses
(a) in 600
(b) during the seventh century
(c) a century after the cultural achievements of the Byzantine Empire had been lost
(d) soon after the revival of Byzantine learning

35) In the third paragraph, the author most probably provides an explanation of the apparent connections among
economic, military, and cultural development in order to
(a) suggest that the process of revival in Byzantium accords with this model
(b) set up an order of events that is then shown to be not generally applicable to the case of Byzantium
(c) cast aspersions on traditional historical scholarship about Byzantium
(d) suggest that Byzantium represents a case for which no historical precedent exists

DIRECTIONS: Read the given passage and answer the questions asked.

PASSAGE
Virtually everything astronomers known about objects outside the solar system is based on the detection of
photons-quanta of electromagnetic radiation. Yet there is another form of radiation that permeates the universe:
neutrinos. With (as its name implies) no electric charge,and negligible mass, the neutrino interacts with other
particles so rarely that a neutrino can cross the entire universe, even traversing substantial aggregations of matter,
without being absorbed or even deflected. Neutrinos can thus escape from regions of space where light and other
kinds of electromagnetic radiation are blocked by matter. Furthermore, neutrinos carry with them information
about the site and circumstances of their production: therefore, the detection of cosmic neutrinos could provide new
information about a wide variety of cosmic phenomena and about the history of the universe.
But how can scientists detect a particle that interacts so infrequently with other matter? Twenty-five years
passed between Pauli’s hypothesis that the neutrino existed and its actual detection: since then virtually all research
with neutrinos has been with neutrinos created artificially in large particle accelerators and studied under neutrino
microscopes. But a neutrino telescope,capable of detecting cosmic neutrinos, is difficult to construct. No apparatus
can detect neutrinos unless it is extremely massive, because great mass is synonymous with huge numbers of
nucleons (neutrons and protons),and the more massive the detector, the greater the probability of one of its
nucleon’s reacting with a neutrino. In addition, the apparatus must be sufficiently shielded from the interfering

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effects of other particles.

Fortunately, a group of astrophysicists has proposed a means of detecting cosmic neutrinos by harnessing the
mass of the ocean. Named DUMAND, for Deep Underwater Muon and Neutrino Detector, the project calls for placing
an array of light sensors at a depth of five kilometers under the ocean surface. The detecting medium is the seawater
itself: when a neutrino interacts with a particle in an atom of seawater. the result is a cascade of electrically charged
particles and a flash of light that can be detected by the sensors. The five kilometers of seawater above the sensors
will shield them from the interfering effects of other high-energy particles raining down through the atmosphere.
The strongest motivation for the DUMAND project is that it will exploit an important source of information
about the universe. The extension of astronomy from visible light to radio waves to x-rays and gamma rays never
failed to lead to the discovery of unusual objects such as radio galaxies, quasars, and pulsars. Each of these
discoveries came as a surprise. Neutrino astronomy will doubtless bring its own share of surprises.

36) Which of the following titles best summarizes the passage as a whole?
(a) At the Threshold of Neutrino Astronomy (b) Neutrinos and the History of the Universe
(c) The Creation and Study of Neutrinos (d) The DUMAND System and How It Works

37) With which of the following statements regarding neutrino astronomy would the author be most likely to agree?
(a) Neutrino astronomy will supersede all present forms of astronomy.
(b) Neutrino astronomy will be abandoned if the DUMAND project fails.
(c) Neutrino astronomy can be expected to lead to major breakthroughs in astronomy.
(d) Neutrino astronomy will disclose phenomena that will be more surprising than past discoveries.

38) In the last paragraph, the author describes the development of astronomy in order to
(a) suggest that the potential findings of neutrino astronomy can be seen as part of a series of astronomical
successes
(b) illustrate the role of surprise in scientific discovery
(c) demonstrate the effectiveness of the DUMAND apparatus in detecting neutrinos
(d) name some cosmic phenomena that neutrino astronomy will illuminate

39) According to the passage, one advantage that neutrinos have for studies in astronomy is that they
(a) have been detected for the last twenty-five years (b) possess a variable electric charge
(c) are usually extremely massive (d) carry information about their history with them

40) According to the passage, the primary use of the apparatus mentioned in lines 24-32 would be to
(a) increase the mass of a neutrino (b) interpret the information neutrinos carry with them
(c) study the internal structure of a neutrino (d) detect the presence of cosmic neutrinos

DIRECTIONS : Identify the part of a sentence that has an error in it

41) (a) That is art (b) which makes life (c) more interesting and important to us.
42) (a) This house is bigger (b) than that of (c) his relatives and friends.
43) (a) Switserland is more beautiful (b) than any place (c) in the world.

DIRECTIONS : Choose the option that is the best alternative for the underlined phrase in the sentence

44) In the fine print at the end of the document lies the clauses that make us liable for any expenses that result from
civil unrest.
(a) lies the clauses that make us liable for any expenses which.
(b) lies the clause that makes us liable for any expenses that.
(c) lie the clauses that make us liable for any expenses that.
(d) lie the clause that make us liable for any expenses which.

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45) The administration discussed whether the number of students studying European languages was likely to
decline when like senior lecturer retired.
(a) whether the number of students studying European languages was likely.
(b) if the students studying European languages were likely.
(c) if the number of European language students were likely.
(d) whether the number of students studying European languages were likely.

46) If the gardener would sow the seeds in the green house rather than the garden, he might get a better display of
crops.
(a) If the gardener sowed the seeds in the green house rather than the garden.
(b) If the gardener would sow the seeds in the green house than in the garden.
(c) If the gardener were to sow the seeds in the green house rather than in the garden.
(d) If the gardener would sow the the seeds in the green house instead of the garden.

47) On Discovery channel last night they showed an informative program about new innovations in medical
imaging, which you would have found interesting.
(a) they showed an informative program about innovations in medical imaging, which you would have found
interesting.
(b) they showed an informative program on innovations in medical imaging, that you would have found
interesting.
(c) there was an informative program about new innovations in medical imaging, that would have found
interesting.
(d) there was an informative program about innovations in medical imaging, a program you would have found
interesting.

48) After working for two hours, the essay started to take shape, and he began to hope that he might finish before
the dead line.
(a) when the essay started to take shape after he had worked on it for two hours, he began to hope.
(b) when the essay started to take shape after working on it for two hours, he began to hope.
(c) when the essay started to take shape after working on it for two hours, he begun to hope.
(d) after working on it for two hours, the essay started to take shape and he began to hope.

49) The young man was surprised to find that the experience as a tutor had been used as the basis for the
protagonist in a short story written by a former girl friend.
(a) his experience as a tutor having been used the protagonist.
(b) his experience as a tutor had been used as a basis for the protagonist.
(c) his experience as a tutor being used as the basis for the protagonist of.
(d) that his experience as a tutor had been used as the basis for events in the life of the protagonist.

50) In the Engineering sector at the moment there are no jobs for those without experierne which makes it difficult
for use recent graduates to get started on our careers.
(a) at the moment there are no jobs for those without experience, makes it difficult for us.
(b) there are no jobs at the moment for those without experience, a fact that makes it difficult for us.
(c) there are no jobs at the moment for those without experience, which makes it difficult for us.
(d) there are no jobs at the moment for those without experience, a fact which make it difficult for we.

DIRECTIONS : fill in the blanks with the best alternatives

51) They literally, started their professional lives in the of the zone.
(a) culmination … terrestrial (b) zenith … celestial
(c) astuteness … critical (d) ignoring … twilight.

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52) A professional need for curriculum review emerged from the long of an education system that viewed
teachers as the of information.
(a) pantheon … incarnation (b) dissertation … propogators
(c) exhortation … conduits (d) ossification ... dispensers.

53) People long to be eternal but die with everyday that passes ; they deny, they engage, they and they call it
(a) subjugate … sacrilege (b) rebel … demand
(c) contradict … growth (d) convolute … dissidence

54) After a taxing and day at the sets, the actor sprawled on the chair with a loud sigh.
(a) eventful … icy (b) exacting … histrioric
(c) harrowing … exultant (d) friutful … depreciatory

55) The magazine was a respected publication of the glamour world, famous for speaking_____truths in its own
unique_____.
(a)unvanished----idiom (b)candied----tailorings
(c)caustic----metaphor (d)acerbic-----dialect

DIRECTIONS:Fill in te blanks with the bets alternative.

56) The media reports on cross borders terrorism_____all assertions made by the government that peace had been
restored.
(a)belied (b) buttressed (c)bolstered (d) stipulated

57) Many business schools are avoiding an ____narrow management curriculum because a good manager in today’s
competitive econoimic conditions must be well versed in diversr aspects such as finance,marketing ,operations
and techology
(a)endemic (b)inadvertently (c)overly (d)ambiguous
58) Free competition is an unequal world shall create industralists , who after _____capital in their countries willm
intensify colonisation of the third world countries thus triggering ____wars.
(a)garnering----imperialiat (b)swindling----capitalist
(c)ensuing-----communal (d)frittering----perpetrated

59) The representative pointed out that the _____was established to ensure____
(a)fact -----defect (b)theory---success
(c)theme----semantics (d)machination----honest transactions.

60) in contemporary times , when science has_____and space,values are becoming more and more____
(a)transcended----objective (b)annihilated----pervasive
(c)embraced----narcissistic (d)elevated -----redundant.

61) The price of purchasing a car in Country Q is 120 percent less than the price of purchasing a car in Country Y.
Even after transportation fees and tariff charges are added, it is still cheaper for a buyer to import car from
Country Q to Country Y than to buy car in Country Y.
The statements above, if true, best support which of the following assertions?
(a) Gasoline prices in Country Q are 120 percent below those in Country Y.
(b) Importing cars from Country Q to Country Y will eliminate 120 percent of the sales of cars in Country Y.
(c) The tariff on a car imported from Country Q to Country Y is less than 120 percent of the price of a car in
Country Y.
(d) The fee for transporting a car from Country Q to Country Y is more than 120 percent of the price of a car in
Country Q.

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62) In 1992, 5 percent of every dollar paid in tax went to support the unemployed citizens. In 1998, 8 percent of
every dollar paid in tax went to such funds, although that unemployment rate has decreased in 1998 than in
1992.
Each of the following, if true, could explain the simultaneous increase in percent of every dollar paid in tax to
support the unemployed citizens and decrease in the number of unemployment rate EXCEPT:
(a) On average, each unemployed citizen received more money in 1998 than 1992.
(b) On average, people paid less tax in 1998 ?than in 1992.
(c) The individuals had paid more tax than did enterprises during this period.
(d) Income before tax has significantly decreased since 1992.

63) Most citizens are very conscientious about observing a law when they can see the reason behind it. For instance,
there has been very little need to actively enforce the recently-implemented law that increased the penalty for
motorists caught leaving a gas station without paying for gas they had pumped into their vehicles. This is
because citizens are very conscientious of the high cost of gasoline and they know that stealing gas will only
further increase the price of gasoline for everyone.
Which of the following statements would the author of this passage be most likely to believe?
(a) The increased penalty alone is a significant motivation for most citizens to obey the law.
(b) There are still too many inconsiderate citizens in the local community.
(c) High gasoline prices can be brought down if everyone does his or her part and pays for the gasoline they
use at the pumps.
(d) Society should make an effort to teach citizens the reasons for its laws.
64) Nearly one in three subscribers to Financial Forecaster is a millionaire, and over half are in top management.
Shouldn't you subscribe to Financial Forecaster now?
A reader who is neither a millionaire nor in top management would be most likely to act in accordance with the
advertisement's suggestion if he or she drew which of the following questionable conclusions invited by the
advertisement?
(a) Among finance-related periodicals. Financial Forecaster provides the most detailed financial information.
(b) Top managers cannot do their jobs properly without reading Financial Forecaster.
(c) The advertisement is placed where those who will be likely to read it are millionaires.
(d) The subscribers mentioned were helped to become millionaires or join top management by reading
Financial Forecaster.
65) Psychological research indicates that college hockey and football players are more quickly moved to hostility
and aggression than are college athletes in noncontact sports such as swimming. But the researchers'
conclusion-that contact sports encourage and teach participants to be hostile and aggressive-is untenable. The
football and hockey players were probably more hostile and aggressive to start with than the swimmers.
Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion drawn by the psychological researchers?
(a) The football and hockey players became more hostile and aggressive during the season and remained so
during the off-season, whereas there was no increase in aggressiveness among the swimmers.
(b) The football and hockey players, but not the swimmers, were aware at the start of the experiment that they
were being tested for aggressiveness.
(c) The same psychological research indicated that the football and hockey players had a great respect for
cooperation and team play, whereas the swimmers were most concerned with excelling as individual
competitors.
(d) The research studies were designed to include no college athletes who participated in both contact and
noncontact sports.
66) Ross: The profitability of Company X, restored to private ownership five years ago, is clear evidence that
businesses will always fare better under private than under public ownership.
Julia: Wrong. A close look at the records shows that X has been profitable since the appointment of a first-class
manager, which happened while X was still in the pubic sector.
Which of the following best describes the weak point in Ross's claim on which Julia's response focuses?
(a) The evidence Ross cites comes from only a single observed case, that of Company X.
(b) The profitability of Company X might be only temporary.
(c) Ross's statement leaves open the possibility that the cause he cites came after the effect he attributes to it.
(d) No mention is made of companies that are partly government owned and partly privately owned.
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67) Stronger patent laws are needed to protect inventions from being pirated. With that protection, manufacturers
would be encouraged to invest in the development of new products and technologies. Such investment
frequently results in an increase in a manufacturer's productivity.
Which of the following conclusions can most properly be drawn from the information above?
(a) Stronger patent laws tend to benefit financial institutions as well as manufacturers.
(b) Increased productivity in manufacturing is likely to be accompanied by the creation of more manufacturing
jobs.
(c) Manufacturers will decrease investment in the development of new products and technologies unless there
are stronger patent laws.
(d) Stronger patent laws would stimulate improvements in productivity for many manufacturers.
68) Archaeologists seeking the location of a legendary siege and destruction of a city are excavating in several
possible places, including a middle and a lower layer of a large mound. The bottom of the middle layer contains
some pieces of pottery of type 3, known to be from a later period than the time of the destruction of the city, but
the lower layer does not.
Which of the following hypotheses is best supported by the evidence above?
(a) The lower layer contains the remains of the city where the siege took place.
(b) The legend confuses stories from two different historical periods.
(c) The middle layer does not represent the period of the siege.
(d) The siege lasted for a long time before the city was destroyed.
69) After the national speed limit of 55 miles per hour was imposed in 1974, the number of deaths per mile driven
on a highway fell abruptly as a result. Since then, however, the average speed of vehicles on highways has risen,
but the number of deaths per mile driven on a highway has continued to fall.
Which of the following conclusions can be properly drawn from the statements above?
(a) The speed limit alone is probably not responsible for the continued reduction in highway deaths in the
years after 1974.
(b) People have been driving less since 1974.
(c) Driver-education courses have been more effective since 1974 in teaching drivers to drive safely.
(d) In recent years highway patrols have been less effective in catching drivers who speed.
70) Neighboring landholders: Air pollution from the giant aluminum refinery that has been built next to our land is
killing our plants.
Company spokesperson: The refinery is not to blame, since our study shows that the damage is due to insects
and fungi.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the conclusion drawn by the company spokesperson?
(a) The study did not measure the quantity of pollutants emitted into the surrounding air by the aluminum
refinery.
(b) The neighboring landholders have made no change in the way they take care of their plants.
(c) Air pollution from the refinery has changed the chemical balance in the plants' environment, allowing the
harmful insects and fungi to thrive.
(d) Pollutants that are invisible and odorless are emitted into the surrounding air by the refinery.

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