MOTION 82

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. An object travels 16 m in 45 s and then another 16 m in 25 s. What is the average speed of the
object?
16
[Ans. ms −1 ]
3
2. A bus decreases its speed from 80 kmh −1 to 60 kmh −1 in 5 min. Find the acceleration of the bus.
[Ans. 240km/h2 ]
3. A train starting from a railway station and moving with uniform acceleration attains a speed of 40
km/ h in 10 minutes. Find its acceleration
[Ans. 240km/h2 ]
4. What can you say about the motion of an object whose distance-time graph is a straight line parallel
to the time axis?
[Ans. At. rest]
5. A racing car has a uniform acceleration of 40 m/s2 what distance will it cover in 10s after start?
[Ans. 200 m.]
6. Name the quantity that eventually changes as a body moves.
[Ans. Time]
7. When x − t graph is parallel to time axis, what can you say about the motion?
[Ans. At. rest]
8. What does the area below v - t graph give?
[Ans. Displacement]
9. Relate 36 km/h with m/s.
[Ans. 10 m/s]
th
1
10. A car travels   of a circle with radius r. Find the ratio of the distance to it’s displacement.
4
π
[Ans. ]
2 2
11. If 5 m/s and 10 m/s are the velocities of a body having a uniform acceleration in some time interval.
What will be its average velocity?
[Ans. 7.5 m/s]
 MOTION 83

12. What is the nature of motion of two cars A and B as depicted by the v-t graph in fig
Ans. A - Uniform motion, B - Uniform acceleration]

13. When a body moving with a speed of 20 m/s. stops in 20 seconds, what is the acceleration?
[Ans.-1m/s2 ]
14. A particle moves 3m north, then 4m east and finally 6m south calculate its distance travelled and
displacement
[26.7 km/h]
15. A car travels 30km at a uniform speed of 40 km/h and the next 30km at a uniform speed of 20km/h.
Find its average speed
[Ans. 26.7 km/h]
16. Ravina takes 20 minutes to cover a distance of 3.2 kilometres on a bicycle. Calculate her speed in
units of kilometer/minute, metre/minute, kilometer/hour, and m/s.
[Ans. 0.16 km/min, 160m/min, 9.6 km/h, 2.67m/sJ
17. Starting from a stationary position, Rahul paddles his bicycle to attain a velocity of 6 m/s in 30s.
Then the applies brakes such that the velocity of the bicycle comes down to 4 m/s in the next 5s.
Calculate the acceleration of the bicycle in both the cases.
1 -2
[Ans. m/s 2 , m/s 2 ]
5 5
18. The velocity of a car is 18m/s. Express this velocity in km/h.
[64.8 km/h]
19. An electric train is moving with a velocity of 120 km/h. How much distance will it cover in 30
second?
[l km]
20. A train starting from rest attains a velocity of 72 km/h in 5 minutes. Assuming that the acceleration
is uniform, find (i) the acceleration and (ii) the distance travelled by the train for attaining this
velocity
1
[Ans. ( i ) m/s2 ( ii ) 3km]
15
 MOTION 84

21. A bus covers 30km with a uniform speed of 60 km/h and the next 30km with a uniform speed of
40km/h. Find the total time taken and the average speed.
[Ans. 75minutes, 48 km/h]
22. A car moves 30 minute with a uniform speed of 30km/h and next 30 minute moves with uniform
speed of 60 km/h. Find the average speed in entire journey.
[Ans. 45 km/h]
23. A 60m long train moving on a straight level track passes a pole in 5s, find (a) the speed of train (b)
the time it will take to cross a 540 m long bridge.
[Ans. 12m/s, 45s]
2
24. The brakes applied to a car a acceleration of -10 m/s . If the car takes 5s to stop after applying the
brakes, calculate the distance covered by the car before coming to rest.
[Ans. 125m]
25. A car covers 30 km at a uniform speed of 40 km/h. Find the total time taken.
[Ans. 1m/s2 ]
26. What is the direction of velocity in a circular motion?
[Ans. tangent at any point]
27. It possible to have the speed if a moving body as zero?
[Ans. No.]
28. If two bodies in circular paths of radii 1:2 take same time to complete their circles, what is the ratio
of their angular speeds?
[Ans. 1:1]
29. Is the x-t graph given in the figure valid. Why?

[Ans. Not possible]

30. When a moving car returns to the same point what will be the displacement
[Ans. Zero]
31. A body moving with a constant speed, say 10 m/s on a frictionless surface has uniform motion
while a freely falling object has non uniform motion. Give reason
[Ans. Due to presence of acceleration due to gravity falling object accelerates.]
32. A 150 m long train crosses a bridge of length 250 m in 25 seconds. What is its velocity?
[Ans. 16 m/s]
 MOTION 85

33. A ship is moving at a speed of 56 km/h. One second later it is moving at 58 km/h. What is its
5
acceleration? [Ans. m/s 2 ]
9
34. If a car starts from rest and attains speed 20 m/s in 25 seconds. Find the acceleration.
4
[Ans.a = m/s 2 ]
5
35. How much time will it take for body to acetate by 2 m/s2 to gain a velocity of 10 m/s, starting from
rest? [Ans. 5 sec]
36. When the slope of v-t graph is negative and constant, what is the nature of acceleration?
[Ans. decelerates, zero.]
π
37. What is the angular speed of second's hand of a clock? [Ans. rad/s]
30
38. An artificial satellite is moving in a circular orbit of radius 42, 250 km. Find its angular velocity if it
takes 24 hours to revolve round the earth.
π
39. What is one radian? [Ans. rad/h.]
12
40. Draw the velocity-time graph for a body moving with a uniform acceleration. Assume that the body
is initially at rest.
41. The variation of velocity of a particle moving along a straight line in a
certain time interval is shown below. What is the distance travelled during
acceleration?

[Ans. 5 m]
42. A steel ball of mass 10 g is through horizontally with a velocity of 100 km/h from the top of a 75 m
high. Draw a diagram to show its path of entire journey, (you are not required to do any
calculation.) [Ans. Path is parabola]
43. Out of the following, identify the graph which corresponds to a motion with
(i) Uniform retardation
(ii) Zero acceleration
 MOTION 86

EXERCISE - I

1. A body goes from A to B with a velocity of 20 m/s and comes back B to A with a velocity of
30 m/s. The average velocity of the body during the whole journey is
(a) zero (b) 25 m/s (b) 24 m/s (d) none of these
2. If an object covering distances in direct proportion to the square of the time lapsed, then the
acceleration is
(a) increasing (b) decreasing (c) constant (d) none of these
3. Distance travelled by a freely falling body is proportional to
(a) mass of the body (b) square of the acceleration due to gravity
(c) square of the time of fall (d) time off fall
4. The rate of change of displacement with time is
(a) Speed (b) acceleration (c) retardation (d) velocity
5. Which of the following is not vector quantity?
(a) Retardation (b) Acceleration (c) Average speed (d) Displacement
6. If the time-displacement graph of a particle is parallel to the time-axis, then velocity of the particle
is
(a) infinity (b) unity
(c) equal to acceleration of the body (d) zero
7. In the velocity-time graph; AB shows that the body has
(a) uniform acceleration
(b) non-uniform retardation
(c) uniform speed
(d) initial velocity OA and is moving with uniform retardation
8. In the given velocity-time graph. AB shows that the body has
(a) uniform acceleration
(b) uniform retardation
(c) uniform velocity throughout its motion and has zero initial velocity
(d) none of these
9. If the displacement-time graph for the two particles A and B are straight lines
inclined at angles of 30° and 60° with the time axis, then ratio of the velocities
vA : vB will be
(a) 1: 2 (b) 1: 3
(c) 3 :1 (d) 1: 3
 MOTION 87

10. In the given figure, velocity of the body at A is

(a) zero
(b) unity
(c) maximum
(d) infinite
11. The velocity-time graph for a body with non uniform motion is a
(a) straight line (b) straight line parallel to x-axis
(c) straight line parallel to y-axis (d) curved line
12. Area under a velocity-time graph gives
(a) time taken by a moving object (b) distance travelled by a moving object
(c) acceleration of moving object (d) retardation of a moving object
13. Which one of the following represents the time-displacement graph of two objects a and b moving
with zero relative speed?

(a) (b)

(c) (d) none of these

14. Displacement y (in m) of a body varies with time

−2 2
t ( in sec.) as y = t + 16t + 2
3
How long does the body take to come to rest?
(a) 8 sec (b) 10 sec (c) 12 sec (d) 16 sec
15. A particle moves along x-axis in such a way that its coordinate (x) varies with time (t) according to
( )
the expression, x = 2 − 5t + 6t 2 m. Then the initial velocity of the particle is
(a) - 5 m/ sec (b) - 3 m/sec (c) 6 m/sec (d) 3 m/sec
16. If a body is thrown up with an initial velocity u and covers a maximum height of h, then h is equal
to
u2 u
(a) (b) (c) 2u 2g (d) none of these
2g 2g
 MOTION 88

17. A body is thrown vertically upwards and rises to a height of 10m. The velocity with which the body
was thrown upwards is (g = 9.8 m/s2)
(a) 16 m/s (b) 15 m/s (c) 14 m/s (d) 12 m/s
18. A truck running along a straight line increases its speed uniformly from 30 m/s to 60 m/s over a
time interval 1 min. The distance travelled during this time interval is
(a) 900 m (b) 1800 m (c) 2700 m (d) 3600m
1 1
19. A car travels rd distance on a straight road with a velocity of 10 km/hr, next rd with velocity 20
3 3
1
km/hr and the last rd with velocity 60 km/hr. What is the average velocity of the car in the whole
3
journey?
(a) 4 km/hr (b) 6 km/hr (c) 12 km/hr (d) 18 km/hr
20. A motor ship covers the distance of 300 km between two localities on a river in 10 hrs downstream
and in 12 hrs upstream. Find the flow velocity of the river assuming that these velocities are
constant.
(a) 2.0 km/hr (b) 2.5 km/hr (c) 3 km/hr (d) 3.5 km/hr
21. Driver of a train travelling at 115 km/hr sees on a same track, 100m infront of him, a slow train
travelling in the same direction at 25 km/hr. The least retardation that must be applied to faster train
to avoid a collision is
(a) 3.125 m/s2 (b) 3.5 m/s2 (c) 2.75 m/s2 (d) 3.0 m/s2
22. Distance of the moon from the earth is 4 108 m. The time taken by a radar signal transmitted from
the earth to reach the moon is
(a) 5.2 s (b) 1.3 s (c) 2.6 s (d) 0.70 s
23. A stone is dropped into a well in which the level of water is h, below the top of the well. If v is
velocity of sound, then time T after which the splash is heard is equal to
2h 2h h 2h h h 2h
(a) (b) + (c) + (d) +
v v g g v 2g v
24. A stone weighing 3 kg falls from the top of a tower 100 m high and buries itself 2 m deep in the
sand. The time of penetration is
(a) 0.09 sec (b) 0.9 sec (c) 2.1 sec (d) 1.3 sec
25. The velocity of a body at any instant is 10 m/s. After 5 sec. velocity of the particle is 20 m/s. The
velocity at 3 seconds before is
(a) 8 m/sec (b) 4m/sec (c) 6 m/sec (d) 7 m/sec
26. A body covers 200 cm in the first 2 sec. and 220 cm in next 4 sec. What is the velocity of the body
at the end of 7th second?
(a) 40 cm/sec (b) 20 cm/sec (c) 10 cm/sec (d) 5 cm/sec
 MOTION 89

27. A boat takes 2 hrs. to travel 8 km and back in still water lake with water velocity of 4 km/hr, then
the time taken for going upstream of 8 km and coming back is
(a) 120min (b) 160min (c) 200min (d) none of these
28. If two bodies of different masses m1 and m2 are dropped from different heights h1 and h2, then ratio
of the times taken by the two to drop through these distances is
(a) h1 : h 2 (b) h 2 /h1 (c) h1 : h 2 (d) h12 : h 22
29. A ball is dropped on the floor from a height of 10 m. It rebounds to a height of 2.5 m. If the ball is in
contact with the floor for 0.01 sec, then average acceleration during contact is
(a) 2100 m/s2 (b) 1400 m/s2 (c) 700 m/s2 (d) 400 m/s2
30. A stone is thrown vertically upward with an initial velocity u from the top of a tower, reaches the
ground with a velocity 3u. The height of the tower is
3u 2 4u 2 6u 2 9u 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
g g g g
31. If a ball is thrown up with a certain velocity. It attains a height of 40 m and comes back to the
thrower, then
(a) total distance covered by it is 40 m (b) total displacement covered by it is 80 m
(c) total displacement is zero (d) total distance covered by it is zero
32. Acceleration of a body projected upwards with a certain velocity is
(a) 9.8 m/s2 (b) –9.8 m/s2 (c) zero (d) insufficient data
33. If a body of mass 0.10 kg is moving on circular path of diameter 1.0 m at the rate of 10 revolutions
per 31.4 sec, then centripetal force acting on the body (n = 3.14) is
(a) 0.2 Newton (b) 2.0 Newton (c) 0.02 Newton (d) 20.0 Newton
34. The earth's radius is 6400 km. It makes one revolution about its own axis in 24 hrs. The centripetal
acceleration of a point on its equator is nearly
(a) 340 cm/s2 (b) 34 cm/s2 (c) 3.4 cm/s2 (d) 0.34 cm/s2
35. The acceleration of a point on the rim of flywheel 1 m in diameter, if it makes 1200 revolutions per
minute
(a) 82 m/s2 (b) 802 m/s2 (c) 800 2 m / s2 (d) none of these
36. A phonograph record on turn table rotates at 30 rpm. The linear speed of a point on the record at the
needle at the beginning of the recording when it is at a distance of 14 cm from the centre is
(a) 22 cm/sec (b) 44 cm/sec (c) 48 cm/sec (d) 52 cm/sec
37. The relationship between average speed, time and distance is
total distanc
(a) Average speed = distance  time (b) Average speed
total time
(c) Time = average speed/distance (d) Distance = average speed  time
 MOTION 90

38. A body moving along a circular path has

(a) both constant speed (b) constant velocity
(c) no radial acceleration (d) no tangential velocity
39. Speed of a body describing its motion is
(a) direction (b) state (c) type (d) rapidity
40. A rubber ball dropped from a certain height is an example of
(a) uniform acceleration (b) uniform retardation
(c) uniform speed (d) non-uniform speed
41. If the velocity of a body does not change, its acceleration is
(a) zero (b) infinite (c) unity (d) none of these
42. When the distance an object travels is directly proportional to the length of time, it is said to travel
with
(a) Zero velocity (b) Constant speed
(c) Constant acceleration (d) Uniform velocity

ANSWER KEY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
(b) (c) (c) (d) (c) (d) (d) (d) (d) (a)
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
(d) (b) (b) (c) (a) (a) (c) (c) (d) (b)
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
(a) (b) (c) (a) (b) (c) (b) (c) (a) (b)
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
(c) (b) (a) (c) (c) (b) (b) (a) (d) (d)
41 42
(a) (b)
 MOTION 91

EXERCISE - II

1. An athlete completes one round of a circular track of diameter 200 m in 40 s. What will be the
distance covered and the displacement at the end of 2 minutes 20 s?
2. Amit jogs from one end A to the other end B of a straight 300 m road in 2 minutes 30 seconds and
then turns around and jogs 100 m back to point C in another 1 minute, what are Amit's average
speeds and velocities in jogging (a) from A to B and (b) from A to C?
3. Rahim, while driving to school, computes the average speed for his trip to be 20 km h-1. On his
return trip along the same route, there is less traffic and the average speed is 30 km h. What is the
average speed for Rahim’s trip?
4. A motorboat starting from rest on a lake accelerates in a straight line at a constant rate of 3.0 m s-2
for 8.0 s. How far does the boat travel during this time?
5. A 100 m long train crosses a bridge of length 200 m in 50 seconds with constant velocity. Find the
velocity.
6. A ball is gently dropped from a height of 20 in. If its velocity increases uniformly at the rate of
10ms−2 , with what velocity will it strike the ground? After what time will it strike the ground?
7. An artificial satellite is moving in a circular orbit of radius 42250 km. Calculate its speed if it takes
24 hours to revolve around the earth.
8. The odometer of a car reds 2000 km at the start of a trip and 2400 km at the end of the trip. If the
trip took 8h, calculate the average speed of the car in km h −1 and ms −1 .
9. Starting from a stationary position, Ramesh paddles his bicycle to attain a velocity of 6 m/s in 30s.
Then he applied brakes such that the velocity of the bicycle comes down to 4 m/s in the next 5s.
Calculate the acceleration of the bicycle in both the cases.
10. A train starting from rest attains a velocity of 72 km/h in 5 minutes. Assuming that the acceleration
is uniform, find (i) the acceleration and (ii) the distance travelled by the train for attaining this
velocity.
11. A car accelerates uniformly from 18 km/h to 36 km/h in 5s. Calculate (i) the acceleration and (ii) the
distance covered by the car in that time.
12. The brakes applied to a car produce an acceleration of 6 ms −2 in the opposite direction to the
motion. If the car takes 2s to stop after the application of brakes, calculate the distance it travels
during this time.
13. A boy walks around a circular track of radius 14m. such that after 2 minutes he is diametrically
opposite to the starting point. Find distance and displacement of boy.
14. A bus covers 30 km at a uniform speed of 60 km/h. It covers next 30 km with a speed of 40 km/h.
Find the total time to cover the distance.
15. The average speed of a body in the above diagram is
55m 255m
A B
10.30am 10.32am
 MOTION 92

16. The table below shows the speed of moving vehicle with respect to time.
Speed (m/s) 2 4 6 8 10
Time(s) 0 2 3 4 5
Find the acceleration of the vehicle.
17. Calculate the distance covered in above question in 5 seconds.
18. Find (he ratio of average speed of a scooter moving at 30m/min and a car moving at 27 km/h.
19. Rahul while driving to school computes the average speed of his trip to be 20km/h. On his return
trip along the same route, there is less traffic and average speed is 40 km/h. Calculate the average
speed of Rahul’s round trip.
20. Keshav jogs from end A to another end B of the straight road in 2 min 30 s and then turns around
and jogs 100 m back to the point C in one minute. Calculate the average speed of jogging from point
A to B.
21. A circular cycle track has a circumference of 314 m with AB as one of its diameters. A cyclist
travels from A to B along the circular path with a velocity of constant magnitude 15.7 m/s. Find
(a) the distance moved by the cyclist.
(b) the displacement of the cyclist if AB represents north-south direction.
(c) the average velocity of the cyclist.
22 All buses and cars these days are fitted with a speedometer, which shows the velocity of the vehicle.
A device called odometer records the distance moved by the vehicle. If the reading of the odometer
of a vehicle in the beginning of a trip and after 40 minutes were 1048 km and 1096 km respectively,
calculate its average speed. Will the reading on the speedometer show this speed when the vehicle
in moving? Support your answer with reasoning.
23. On a 100 km road, a car travels the first 50 km at a uniform, speed of 30 km h −1 . How fast must the
car travel for the next 50 km so as to have an average speed of 45 km h −1 for the entire journey.
24. A man walks at 1 m/s for 60 minutes. He takes rest for 20 minutes and then walks at a speed of 1
m/s for 60 minutes. Find its average speed.
25 A train 120 m long moving on a straight and level track with uniform speed passes a pole in 6
seconds. Find:
(a) the speed of the train.
(b) the time it will take to cross a 50 m long bridge.
26. A body covers half of its journey with a speed of 60 ms −1 and the other half with a speed of
40 ms −1 . Then find the average speed during the whole journey.
27. A car travelling at 20 km/h speeds up to 60 km h −1 in 6 sees. What is its acceleration?
 MOTION 93

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTION

1. With the help of an example, explain 'when do we say that a body is at rest and when we say that it
is moving
2. With the help of examples explain that motion is relative.
3. Distinguish between
(i) scalar and vector quantities (ii) distance and displacement
(iii) speed and velocity.
4. Explain with the help of an example when average velocity is zero.
5. Can the speed of a particle be negative? Can the velocity of a particle be negative? Give reasons is
support of your answer.
6. Derive v2 − u 2 = 2as
1
7. What is velocity-time graph? How can you derive v = u + at and s = ut + at 2 by this?
2
8. What is meant by uniform circular motion?
1
9. Establish formula s = ut + at 2 from velocity-time graph or otherwise.
2
10. Deduce the expression for distance covered by a uniformly accelerated body after a certain time.
11. A body moving with initial velocity x moves with a constant acceleration y. Plot its velocity-time
graph.
 MOTION 94

ANSWER KEY

1. Distance = 2200 m; distance = 200 m.

2. (a) average speed = average velocity = 2.00 m / s
(b) average speed = 1.90 m/s; average velocity = 0.952 m/s
3. average speed = 24 km / h
4. distance travelled = 96 m
5. 6 m/s
6. velocity = 20m/s : time = 2s
7. speed = 3.07 km/s
8. 50 km/h or 13.9 m/s
9. In first case 0.2 m/s 2 and in second case −0.4 m/s2

10. (i) 1/15m/s −2 (ii) 3 km

11. (i) 1m/s 2 (ii) 37.5 m

12. 12 m
13. Distance = 44 m & distance = 28 m
14. Total time = 75 min
15. 1.67 m/s
16. 1.6 m/s 2
17. 30 m
18. 2:3
19. 26.7 km/h
20. 2 m/s
21. (a) 157 m (b) 100 m direction toward south (c) 10 m/s
22 Average speed = 20 m/s
23. 90 km/h
24. 0.86 m/s
25. 20 ms−1; 8.5s

26. 48 ms −1
27. 1.8ms−2