Introduction:

Globalization is key to success in the development of the whole world as it is the

exchange of ideas, thoughts, goods and services and cultures between countries. The
purpose of globalization is for the welfare of the world but there are not only benefits
revealed by globalization. There are certain issues that are spreading like a forest fire
because of the immense globalization and no such implementation of rules and
regulations by the government are considered. One of the issues right now
exaggerating is the flow of trading of persons by force, fraud, deception and cheating as
slaves, laborers or sexual prostitutes. This trading is known as human trafficking. In this
study, the effect of globalization theory which is economic globalization on human
trafficking is being discussed and hence how it related in enhancement of this issue.
There are some proofs and recommendations that how human trafficking is effected by
economic globalization are discussed in this study.

What is Globalization?
Globalization is a process of developing a strong interconnection between government
and people of the whole world. It is a word used for explaining the interaction between
different cultures, values and economies of countries by trading in goods and services,
people and information technology and different investments to provide a collective
benefit to each other. Countries are now developing partnerships and connections with
other countries to expand their businesses and trades by investing in other countries.
The World Health Organization (WHO) says about term globalization as it is the process
of interconnection and interdependence between workforce and countries. The two
elements that lie under this term are the open doors provided by countries to effectively
exchange goods and services, ideas, finance and workforce and to develop such
strategies and policies that dramatically promote this exchange between countries.
With the advancements and the increasing demands of people having more and more
in terms of finance, goods and services etc, the concept of globalization is now
increasing. The countries that develop interdependencies between them are more likely
to be developed and well reputed and this globalization enhances the relationships and
reduces the conflicts between two countries. There are three major categories in which
globalization is divided which include economic globalization, cultural globalization and
political globalization (What Is Globalization? And How Has the Global Economy
Shaped the United States?).
In economics globalization, the interconnection of countries in terms of shares,
investments etc to enhance the economic situation of both countries by trading in
commodities is included. Two countries are related to each other by a sustained
economy that helps both of them. Cultural globalization includes the exchange of
cultures, traditions and moral values of different countries and this exchange is
beneficial when a person from another country with his own cultural values and ideas
comes to a different country and provides his services to it, it increases the owner and
values of both countries. Politician globalization is having more benefits as the
international organizations work for the people of the whole word collectively. For
example the enhancement in development of international organizations like the United
Nation and World Health Organization proves that these increasing developments work
collectively for the welfare of the whole world despite any race, gender, financial status
and profession. Globalization helps to produce products at low prices and to increase
the competition between different companies worldwide that encourage them to update
the technologies and procedures they use according to the demands of customers.
These low budget products help to develop the underdeveloped countries and to live
within the range of low money products to developed countries. There are different
theories of globalization which include interdependency of economics, exchange of
materials, people, cultures and politics, space and time squeeze, exchange of ideas for
technology and advancement and global conflicts between different opinions and views.
These some globalization concepts and theories are applied in different issues that the
world is now facing like climate changes, global dimming, human overpopulation, ozone
depletion, global justice, westernization, human trafficking, invasive species, economic
inequality etc. These issues are facing globally and have negative and positive effects
on it due to globalization (YouMatter, 2020).

Human trafficking:
Globalization has different impacts on society that can be positive or negative according
to the situation. A place where immense globalization provides massive benefits and
welfare to the society and the countries by protecting the culture, moral values,
respects, economics and finance of people. Same at other places, globalization
provides an open boundary and hands to the criminals and culprits that can easily
smuggle commodities from one place to another place. The exchange of human beings
including high numbers of young girls, women and children from the open boundaries of
one country to another country as an aim to gain forced labor, commercial sexual
deeds, sensual yokes for dealers and other big enterprises is known as human
trafficking. The United Nations Convention on Transnational Organized Crime defined
the human trafficking as “trading in human beings means to hire, transfer, convey of
human beings by means of force, abusing, threat, deceive or coercion or by paying a
heavy illegal payment to the dealers for the purpose of using them in unlawful deeds is
called human trafficking” (Loring Jones, 2007).
The involvement of the world towards the global market leads to the transfer and
exchange of persons rather elective or by deception. The world is not compressing and
covering in globalization and thus the issue of human trafficking is now so affordable
and profitable that it is spreading and increasing rapidly. The selected theory of
globalization for this human trafficking issue is economic globalization as economy of
certain country plays an important role in the advent of globalization. This economic
effect on the globalizations moves the dealers towards different sites that will give them
only benefits and profits with less risks of losses. Thus, this exchange in economy is a
huge supporter of human trafficking now. No matter how much Human trafficking is
detestable, it is the part of supply and demand process in countries. Yeah, It is a
dreadful truth of economy but this is the fact that now human trafficking is common and
provide a huge benefit to economy as much as no other business can. According to the
ILO prediction and observation, the annual profit gained by human trafficking not
nationally but globally is about 32 billion US dollars a way more then tradition supply
and demand business. According to a study done by researchers, economic
globalization developed a new world which is filled with billions of homeless, penurious,
and socially abused people in which a high number of victims of human trafficking is
included. So it is considered as economic globalization is a main criminal that raises the
concept and movement of human trafficking through out the world. This increase
number of human trafficking globally arise the conflicts and inequality between
developed and under developing countries.
The victims of human trafficking are mainly from low developed areas where the political
issues are in the hands of its ministers without any legality of laws, rules and regulations
and where the slavery is the only option left by the natives by providing services to the
owners of that region. The masters and owners of that region's trade their slaves
containing women and children the most in low prices to the traffickers and then these
traffickers collect a huge payment and profit in dollars and foreign currencies by
smuggling them to the developed countries and forcefully or voluntarily adding them to
illegal and sexual deeds (Devin Brewer, 2008).
As per a study, there are two main and influential factors that has effects on human
trafficking in terms of economic globalization. These factors are open trading and
FDI(foreign direct investment). These two factors are involved in measuring economic
factors. The open trading between countries has main steps in economic globalization.
This open trading has shares in GDP that enhances the economy of countries so
economic globalization promotes open trading. This openness in trading consists of
exchange of commodities, goods and services and as this open trading is beneficial for
economic globalization so traffickers exchange persons in this open trading and no laws
and rules have check and balance on them. In this way this increase in economic
globalization helps to promote the human trafficking issue. The role of FDI in increasing
human trafficking issue is because of enhancement in the profitability of countries due
to economy. Economic globalization causes an increase in economic wealth and thus
produces different laws and regulations for human rights. But this increased economic
health is appealing towards political conflicts that do not even care about human rights.
If these conflicts are increased, the FDI decreases and hence the economic wealth also
decreases. So it is considered important for countries to develop a strong relation
between each other without bothering about human rights and hence in this way the
increase in human trafficking occurs and moves towards beneficial economic
globalization. A study was done by that how the economic globalization effected the
human trafficking in Great Mekong Sub-Region. They conducted a study for six
countries in years between 1996 to 2003. Pooled OLS method was used for analyses
that how much the economic globalization affected the GMR. The FDI had a significant
effect of the trafficking of persons but the effect of trading was less as compared to FDI.
They observed that migration, exchange rates, population, Democracy and other
economic factors are much included in increase of trafficking in Great Mekong Sub-
Region (Suk-Rutai Peerapeng, 2012). Global migration is becoming more human based
and allows the laborers bought and smuggled from other countries to pay their services
in the international market as a trafficking of human beings. This increase in human
needs to pay different services opens the doors of different illegal acts like sexual
desires completions from women and children and hence increased the rape cases or
force marriages in undeveloped areas. This human trafficking is done as a internal
movements by the merchants and traffickers and they used the illegal help from higher
authorities of specific country or region to complete there action on national as well as
international level. People are kicked out from undeveloped countries having lack of
food and other sources and these people are carried by developed countries that
benefit from them by using their services in almost all types of fields.
I personally recommend to the government of all the countries who are the great
supporters of globalization to have such legal and authorized checks and balances on
all the open borders of countries that can at least have a sight on what legal and illegal
actions have been occurring from and at these open borders. The foreign human right
organizations like United Nation and others showed pay more heed towards the rights
of people of undeveloped countries which is the root of all this human trafficking issue
so as to take control on this curse. There should be strict laws against these traffickers
and by controlling these issues, the economy of countries can also be increased using
lawful and legal sources. As open trading and advancements reduces the poverty from
the country and develop new marketing opportunities but these opportunities should be
legal and not exploit the rights of creatures on earth including human beings, animals
and other creatures. The increase in economic globalization can be legal by using
straight and honest ways without effecting on the rights of living creatures.

Conclusion:
It is concluded from the writing on the concept of globalization that how the
advancement and popularity of this process leads to the significances and some losses
and issues too. The human trafficking issue is raised on peak because of increased
globalization and the thrust of having more profits and increments in governments and
high authorities of countries leads towards the illegal globalization between open
borders of countries. The economic globalization is having more effects on increase in
human trafficking as this is the most profitable business considering right now. This
human trafficking can be controlled by appointing restrictions and regulations on the
trading and exchanging of commodities and any other goods and services. There
should be strong laws on the culprits to stop violating the laws of human beings.

References:

● Devin Brewer. (2008). Globalization and Human Trafficking. TOPICAL

RESEARCH DIGEST: HUMAN RIGHTS AND HUMAN TRAFFICKING.
● Loring Jones. (2007). Globalization and Human Trafficking. The Journal of
Sociology and Social welfare, 34(2). :
https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/jssw/vol34/iss2/8
● Suk-Rutai Peerapeng. (2012). IMPACT OF ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION ON
THE HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN THE GREATER MEKONG SUB-REGION
COUNTRIES. Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce, 123-130.
● What Is Globalization? And How Has the Global Economy Shaped the United
States? (n.d.). PIIE. https://www.piie.com/microsites/globalization/what-is-
globalization
● YouMatter. (2020). What is Globalization? All Definitions of Globalization.
YouMatter. https://youmatter.world/en/definition/definitions-globalization-
definition-benefits-effects-examples/