0 0

0.1 0.262
0.15 0.348
1.2
0.2 0.417
0.25 0.478
0.3 0.524 1

0.35 0.566
0.4 0.605 0.8
0.5 0.674
0.6 0.739 0.6
0.7 0.802
0.8 0.865 0.4
0.9 0.929
1 1 0.2

0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
xF 0.8
xfondo 0.4
wfondo 2 2 xw0 0.8 0
w0 52.7325366 0.8 0.86500179
xd 0.81576897 0.86500179 0.86500179
D 50.7325366 xwf 0.86500179 0
F 52.7325366
0.11 0.73 0
0.73 0.82161751
0.82161751 0.82161751
0.82161751 0

0.62 0
0.62 0.7518495
0.7518495 0.7518495
0.7518495 0

0.51 0
0.51 0.67988309
0.67988309 0.67988309
0.67988309 0

0.4 0
0.4 0.6040777
0.6040777 0.6040777
0.6040777 0
 f
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85
0.7 0.8 0.9 1

xW xD f I W xD D d
52.7325366
0.8 0.86500179 15.3841913 -0.92046973 21.0050508 0.84330965 31.7274858 26.756095
0.73 0.82161751 10.914944 -1.01746418 7.59354653 0.78673351 13.4115043 10.5512798
0.62 0.7518495 7.58440472 -0.74089431 3.61974808 0.7158663 3.97379845 2.84470839
0.51 0.67988309 5.88640098 -0.59325725 2 0.64198039 1.61974808 1.03984651
0.4 0.6040777 4.90009452

50.7325366 41.1919297
3.27208548
D6. We are separating a mixture of acetone and ethanol in a distillation column operating at one
atmosphere pressure. The column has a total condenser and a partial reboiler. The distillate is 90
mol% acetone, and the bottoms is 10 mol% acetone. The reflux is returned as a saturated liquid.
Use a boilup ratio of Vm/B = 2.0. Two feeds are fed to the column. The first feed has a flow rate of
75 kmol/h, it is a saturated liquid, and it is 60 mol% acetone. The second feed has a flow rate of
100 kmol/h, it is a two-phase mixture that is 60% vapor, and it is 40 mol% acetone. Use the
optimum feed location for each feed. Assume CMO. Equilibrium data are in Problem 4.D7.
a. Find the distillate and bottoms flow rates, D and B.
b. Plot the two feed lines and the three operating lines.
c. Step off stages and find the optimum feed location for each feed stream and the total number of
equilibrium stages required.

F1 75 F2 100 xD 0.9
z1 0.6 z2 0.4 xB 0.1
q1 1 q2 0.4 Vm/B 2

BALANCE EXTERNO

Comp F1 F2 D B z1 z2 xD
Acetona 45 40 75.9375 9.0625 0.6 0.4 0.9
EtOH 30 60 8.4375 81.5625 0.4 0.6 0.1
75 100 84.375 90.625

UBICACIONES
z1 0.6 0
0.6 0.6

z2 0.4 0
0.4 0.4

xD 0.9 0
0.9 0.9

xB 0.1 0
0.1 0.1

BALANCES INTERNOS

F1 F2 D B z1 z2
75 100 84.375 90.625 0.6 0.4
Vm/B q1 q2 Vm Lm Vi
2 1 0.4 181.25 271.875 181.25

LÍNEAS DE OPERACIÓN ETAPAS

LOF1 0.6 0.6 0.9 0.9

0.6 0.70492228 0.855 0.9
0.855 0
LOF2 0.4 0.4
1 mLOF2 bLOF2 0.809 0
0.95
0.33076923 0.44615385 -0.66666667 0.66666667 0.809 0
0.9
0.85 0.762 0
LOR 0.9 0.9 mLOR
0.8 bLOR 0.762 0
0.75
0.6 0.70492228 0.65025907 0.31476684 0.714 0
0.7
0.65 0.714 0
LOS 0.1 0.6
0.1 mLOS bLOS 0.663 0
0.55
0.33076923 0.44615385 0.5
1.5 -0.05 0.663 0
0.45 0.61 0
LOI 0.33076923 0.44615385 0.4 mLOI bLOI 0.61 0
0.35
0.6 0.70492228
0.3 0.9611399 0.12823834 0.557 0
0.25 0.557 0
0.2
0.485 0
0.15
0.1 0.485 0
0.05 0.386 0
-2.56739074444567E-16
0.386 0
-0.05
-2.56739074444567E-16
0.05

0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
0.45

0.65

0.95
1
0.1
0.15
0.2

0.5
0.55
0.6

0.7
0.75
0.8
0.85
0.9

-0.05
0.272 0
0.272 0
0.155 0
0.155 0
0.068 0
0.068 0.068
N xy
x=y z1 z2 xD xB
LOF1 LOF2 LOR LOS LOI
x y
0 0
0.1 0.262 Chart Title
0.15 0.348 0.95
0.2 0.417 0.85
0.25 0.478 0.75
0.3 0.524 0.65
0.35 0.566 0.55
0.4 0.605 0.45
0.35
0.5 0.674
0.25
0.6 0.739
0.15
0.7 0.802 0.05
0.8 0.865 -0.05
-0.05

0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2

0.55

0.65
0.7
0.75
-2.56739074444567E-16

0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
0.45
0.5

0.6

0.8
0.85
0.9
0.95
1
0.9 0.929
1 1

Column J Column I

xB
0.1
0.9 0.95
0.85
0.75
0.65
0.55
0.45
0.35
0.25
0.15
0.05
-2.56739074444567E-16

0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4

0.8
0.85
0.9
-0.05

0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2

0.45
0.5
0.55
0.6
0.65
0.7
0.75

0.95
1

-0.05

xD xB
xy x=y z1 z2 xD xB
0.9 0.1
Li Vn Ln R
196.875 241.25 156.875 1.85925926

12
0.75
0.8
0.85
0.9
0.95
1
D7.*
a. A distillation column with a total condenser is separating acetone from ethanol. A distillate
concentration of xD = 0.90 mole fraction acetone is desired. Since CMO is valid, L/V =
constant. If L/V is equal to 0.8, find the composition of the liquid leaving the fifth stage below
the total condenser.
b. A distillation column separating acetone and ethanol has a partial reboiler that acts as an
equilibrium contact. If the bottoms composition is xB = 0.13 mole fraction acetone and the
boilup ratio /B = 1.0, find the vapor composition leaving the second stage above the partial
reboiler.
c. The distillation column in parts a and b is separating acetone from ethanol and has xD = 0.9, xB
= 0.13, L/V = 0.8, and /B = 1.0. If the feed composition is z = 0.3 (all concentrations are mole
fraction of more volatile component), find the optimum feed plate location, total number of
stages, and required q value of the feed. Equilibrium data for acetone and ethanol at 1 atm

Ln/Vn 0.8
Vn/Ln 1.25
D/Ln 0.25
Ln/D = R 4

xD 0.9

mLOR bLOR Nr N
0.8 0.18 0.9 0.9 0.9
0.859 0.9 0.859
LOR 0.9 0.9 0.859 0 0.859
0 0.18 0.806 0 0.806
0.806 0 0.806
0.738 0 0.738
x5 0.545 0.738 0 0.738
0.652 0 0.652
0.652 0 0.652
0.545 0 0.545
0.545 0 0.545
Vm/B 1 0.42
B/Vm 1 0.42
Lm/Vm 2 0.29
0.29
xB 0.13 0.195
0.195
mLOR bLOR Ns 0.1
2 -0.13 0.13 0.13 0.1
0.13 0.318
LOS 0.13 0.13 #DIV/0! 0.318
1 1.87 #DIV/0! 0.446 0.25833333
#DIV/0! 0.446 0.3
 #DIV/0! 0.55
ym-2 0.55 #DIV/0! 0.55 mLOS
-2.08
 0 0
0.1 0.262 xD 0.9 0.9
0.15 0.348 0.9 0
0.2 0.417
0.25 0.478 z 0.3 0.3
0.3 0.524 0.3 0
0.35 0.566
0.4 0.605 xB 0.13 0.13
0.5 0.674 0.13 0
0.6 0.739
0.7 0.802
0.8 0.865
0.9 0.929
1 1

0.9
0.9 1
0 1
0 0.9
0.9
0
0 0.8
0.8
0
0 0.7
0.7
0
0 0.6
0.6
0
0.5
0 0.5
0
0.4
0 0.4
0
0.3
0 0.3
0 0.2
0 0.2
0 0.1
0.1

0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 0 1
0.38666667 0 0.1 0.2
0.3
q
0.67532468
 1

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0.8 0.9 0 1
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
.8 0.9 1
D8. We plan to batch distill a mixture of methanol and water in a batch distillation system at 1.0 atm
pressure. The distillation system consists of a large still pot that is an equilibrium contact, a
distillation column that acts as two equilibrium contacts (total 3 equilibrium contacts), and a total
condenser. The feed to the system is F = 10.0 kmol and xF = 0.4 (mole fraction methanol). We
operate with a constant xD = 0.8 as we increase L/D. The batch operation is continued until L/D =
4.0. CMO is valid. Equilibrium data are in Table 2-7. Find:
a. xw,final
b. Wfinal and Dtotal. N 3
c. Initial L/D. W0 10
xD 0.8
xW0 0.4 0 xW0 0.4
0.4 1 Rfinal 4

xD 0.8 0.8
0.8 0

R xD R xD R xD R
0.17 0.8 0.5 0.8 1 0.8 1.5
mLOR bLOR mLOR bLOR mLOR bLOR mLOR
LOR 0.14529915 0.68376068 0.33333333 0.53333333 0.5 0.4 0.6

LOR 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

0 0.68376068 0 0.53333333 0 0.4 0

0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

0.54 0.8 0.54 0.8 0.54 0.8 0.54
0.54 0.76222222 0.54 0.71333333 0.54 0.67 0.54
0.423 0.76222222 0.315 0.71333333 0.258 0.67 0.23
0.423 0.74522222 0.315 0.63833333 0.258 0.529 0.23
0.378 0.74522222 0.22 0.63833333 0.15 0.529 0.117
0.378 0.73868376 0.22 0.60666667 0.15 0.475 0.117

R xD xW f I W

0.17 0.8 0.378 2.36966825 10

0.5 0.8 0.22 1.72413793 -0.32341069 7.24
1 0.8 0.15 1.53846154 -0.11419098 6.46
1.5 0.8 0.117 1.46412884 -0.04954274 6.14
 2 0.8 0.098 1.42450142 -0.02744199 5.98
2.5 0.8 0.085 1.3986014 -0.01835017 5.87
3 0.8 0.074 1.37741047 -0.01526807 5.78
3.5 0.8 0.068 1.36612022 -0.00823059 5.73
4 0.8 0.06 1.35135135 -0.01086989 5.67

5.67
 0 0
0.05 0.271
0.1 0.418
0.15 0.532
0.2 0.612
0.25 0.666
0.3 0.706
0.35 0.733
0.4 0.755
0.45 0.772
0.5 0.787
0.55 0.804
0.6 0.821
0.65 0.839
0.7 0.857
0.75 0.874
0.8 0.896
0.85 0.918
0.9 0.942
0.95 0.968
1 1

xD R xD R xD R xD R
0.8 2 0.8 2.5 0.8 3 0.8 3.5
bLOR mLOR bLOR mLOR bLOR mLOR bLOR mLOR
0.32 0.66666667 0.26666667 0.71428571 0.22857143 0.75 0.2 0.77777778

0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

0.32 0 0.26666667 0 0.22857143 0 0.2 0

0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

0.8 0.54 0.8 0.54 0.8 0.54 0.8 0.54
0.644 0.54 0.62666667 0.54 0.61428571 0.54 0.605 0.54
0.644 0.21 0.62666667 0.205 0.61428571 0.195 0.605 0.192
0.458 0.21 0.40666667 0.205 0.375 0.195 0.34625 0.192
0.458 0.098 0.40666667 0.085 0.375 0.074 0.34625 0.068
0.3902 0.098 0.332 0.085 0.28928571 0.074 0.2555 0.068

D xD d

2.76 0.8 2.2105873

0.78 0.8 0.62474961
0.31 0.8 0.24963667
0.17 0.8 0.13304425
0.11 0.8 0.08694997
0.09 0.8 0.07113959
0.05 0.8 0.03790119
0.06 0.8 0.04957926

4.33 0.8 3.46

 1

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

xD R xD 0.5
0.8 4 0.8
bLOR mLOR bLOR 0.4
0.17777778 0.8 0.16
0.3

0.8 0.8 0.8

0.2
0.17777778 0 0.16
0.1
0.8 0.8 0.8
0.8 0.54 0.8 0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
0.59777778 0.54 0.592
0.59777778 0.185 0.592
0.32711111 0.185 0.308
0.32711111 0.06 0.308
0.23066667 0.06 0.208
7 0.8 0.9 1
D9. A distillation column with two feeds is separating ethanol (E) and water at a pressure of 1.0 atm.
The column has a total condenser with saturated liquid reflux and a partial reboiler. Feed 1 is a
saturated liquid and is 42 mol% ethanol. Feed 2 flow rate is F2 = 100 kmol/h. Feed 2 is 18 mol%
ethanol and is a two-phase mixture that is 30% vapor. The external reflux ratio is L/D = 1/2, and
the distillate flow rate is D = 80 kmol/h. We desire a distillate mole fraction of xD = 0.66 mole
fraction ethanol and a bottoms that is xB = 0.04 mole fraction ethanol. You can assume that CMO
is valid. Equilibrium data are in Table 2-1.
a. Find the flow rates F1 and B.
b. Find the liquid and vapor flow rates in the middle section, L′ and V′.
c. Determine and plot the operating lines. Be neat.
d. Find both optimum feed locations (above partial reboiler) and the total number of equilibrium
stages needed. Step off stages from the bottom up. Be neat.

F1 F2 D B z1 z2
EtOH 39.35 18 52.8 4.55 0.42 0.18
W 54.34 82 27.2 109.14 0.58 0.82
93.68 100 80 113.68

F1 F2 D B q1 q2 R
93.68 100.00 80.00 113.68 1 0.7 0.5

Ln Vn Li Vi Lm Vm
40 120.00 133.68 120 203.68 90.00

mLOR bLOR LOR 0.66 0.66

0.33333333 0.44 0.42 0.58

mLOI bLOI LOI 0.42 0.58

1.11403509 0.11210526 0.14152672 0.26977099

mLOS bLOS LOS 0.14152672 0.26977099

2.26315789 -0.05052632 0.04 0.04

LOF1 0.42 0.42

0.42 0.58

mLOF2 bLOF2 LOF2 0.18 0.18

-2.33333333 0.6 0.14152672 0.26977099
 0 0
0.019 0.17 xD 0.66
0.0721 0.3891 0.66
0.0966 0.4375
0.1238 0.4704 z1 0.42
0.1661 0.5089 0.42
0.2337 0.5445
0.2608 0.558 z2 0.18
0.3273 0.5826 0.18
0.3965 0.6122
0.5198 0.6599 xB 0.04
0.5732 0.6841 0.04
0.6763 0.7385
0.7472 0.7815
1
xD xB 0.8946 0.8943
0.66 0.04 0.9 1 1
0.34 0.96
0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3
N
0.04 0.04 0.2

0.04 0.265 0.1

#DIV/0! 0.265
#DIV/0! 0.49 0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
#DIV/0! 0.49
#DIV/0! 0.585
#DIV/0! 0.585
#DIV/0! 0.625
#DIV/0! 0.625
#DIV/0! 0.67
#DIV/0! 0.67

N
0.04 0.04
0.04 0.265
0.1394186 0.265
0.1394186 0.49
0.3392126 0.49
0.3392126 0.585
0.435 0.585
0.435 0.625
0.555 0.625
0.555 0.67
0.69 0.67
 0.66
0

0.42
0

0.18
0

0.04
0

0.7 0.8 0.9 1

 1.2

0 0 1
0.019 0.17
0.0721 0.3891 0.8
0.0966 0.4375
0.1238 0.4704 0.6
0.1661 0.5089
0.2337 0.5445
0.4
0.2608 0.558
0.3273 0.5826
0.2
0.3965 0.6122
0.5198 0.6599
0.5732 0.6841 0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
0.6763 0.7385
0.7472 0.7815 F 0.52 0
0.8943 0.8943 0.52 0.66909624
1 1 0.66909624 0.66909624
0.66909624 0

F 10 lor 0.6 0.6

xf 0.52 0 0.48
xwfondo 0.2
L/D 0.25 0.6
Wfondo 2.40708628 2.40708628 0.6 0
D 7.59291372 0.6 0.6
xd 0.62144559 0.35964554 0.6
0.35964554 0.55192911
0.25611047 0.55192911
0.25611047 0

0.5757
0.5757 0
0.5757 0.5757
0.30533636 0.5757
0.30533636 0.52162727
0.20028448 0.52162727
0.20028448 0

.
 8

0.8 0.9 1 5

3
m 0.2
b 0.48 2
0.53122209
1

0
0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55

xW xD f I W xD D

10
xf 0.52 0.66909624 6.70707742 -1.26864734 2.8121175 0.63454812 7.1878825
0.25611047 0.6 2.90791056 -0.15552075 2.40708628 0.58785 0.40503121
xw 0.20028448 0.5757 2.66371514

-1.42416809 0.61493208 7.59291372

0.5 0.55

4.56105732
0.2380976
D16.* We wish to do a normal batch distillation of methanol and water. The system has a still pot that
acts as an equilibrium stage and a column with two equilibrium stages (total of three equilibrium
contacts). The column has a total condenser, and reflux is returned as a saturated liquid. The
column is operated with a varying reflux ratio so that xD is held constant. The initial charge is F =
10 kmol and is 40 mol% methanol. We desire a final still-pot concentration of 8 mol% methanol,
and the distillate concentration should be 85 mol% methanol. Pressure is 1 atm and CMO is valid.
Equilibrium data are given in Table 2-7.
a. What initial external reflux ratio, L0/D, must be used?
b. What final external reflux ratio must be used?
c. How much distillate product is withdrawn, and what is the final amount, Wfinal, left in the still pot?

N 3 xW0 0.4 0
W0 10 0.4 0.4
xW0 0.4
xD 0.85 xD 0.85 0
0.85 0.85

R xD R xD R xD R xD
0.5 0.85 1 0.85 1.5 0.85 2 0.85
mLOR bLOR mLOR bLOR mLOR bLOR mLOR bLOR
0.33333333 0.56666667 0.5 0.425 0.6 0.34 0.66666667 0.28333333

0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85

0 0.56666667 0 0.425 0 0.34 0 0.28333333

0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85

0.682 0.85 0.682 0.85 0.682 0.85 0.682 0.85
0.682 0.794 0.682 0.766 0.682 0.7492 0.682 0.738
0.52 0.794 0.43 0.766 0.385 0.7492 0.36 0.738
0.52 0.74 0.43 0.64 0.385 0.571 0.36 0.52333333
0.36 0.74 0.222 0.64 0.17 0.571 0.145 0.52333333
0.36 0.68666667 0.222 0.536 0.17 0.442 0.145 0.38

V¬ 2 kmol/h
R xD xW f Int W

0.5 0.85 0.36 2.04081633 10

1 0.85 0.222 1.59235669 -0.25068894 7.78 0.291
1.5 0.85 0.17 1.47058824 -0.07963657 7.19 0.196
2 0.85 0.145 1.41843972 -0.03611285 6.93 0.1575
2.5 0.85 0.128 1.38504155 -0.02382959 6.77 0.1365
3 0.85 0.117 1.36425648 -0.01512114 6.67 0.1225
 3.5 0.85 0.107 1.34589502 -0.01355076 6.58 0.112
4 0.85 0.1 1.33333333 -0.0093773 6.52 0.1035
5 0.85 0.088 1.31233596 -0.01587402 6.41 0.094
6 0.85 0.084 1.30548303 -0.00523564 6.38 0.086
7 0.85 0.08 1.2987013 -0.00520837 6.35 0.082

6.35

V¬ 2 kmol/h
R xD xW f Int W

0.5 0.85 0.36 2.04081633 10

1.5 0.85 0.17 1.47058824 -0.33358343 7.16
3 0.85 0.117 1.36425648 -0.07512338 6.65
4 0.85 0.1 1.33333333 -0.02292951 6.49
5 0.85 0.088 1.31233596 -0.01587402 6.39
6 0.85 0.084 1.30548303 -0.00523564 6.36
7 0.85 0.08 1.2987013 -0.00520837 6.33

6.33
 9.D16.
a. (L0/D)initial = 0.47
b. (L0/D)final = 5.46
c. Wfinal = 5.79 and D = 4.21 kmoles

R xD R xD R xD R xD
2.5 0.85 3 0.85 3.5 0.85 4 0.85
mLOR bLOR mLOR bLOR mLOR bLOR mLOR bLOR
0.71428571 0.24285714 0.75 0.2125 0.77777778 0.18888889 0.8 0.17

0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85

0 0.24285714 0 0.2125 0 0.18888889 0 0.17

0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85

0.682 0.85 0.682 0.85 0.682 0.85 0.682 0.85
0.682 0.73 0.682 0.724 0.682 0.71933333 0.682 0.7156
0.345 0.73 0.333 0.724 0.323 0.71933333 0.315 0.7156
0.345 0.48928571 0.333 0.46225 0.323 0.44011111 0.315 0.422
0.128 0.48928571 0.117 0.46225 0.107 0.44011111 0.1 0.422
0.128 0.33428571 0.117 0.30025 0.107 0.27211111 0.1 0.25

D d R t

0.85 2.2174 1.8848 0.75 1.9401863

0.85 0.5957 0.5064 1.25 0.67021498 W1  W2 W1  W2 W1  W
t  
 L   
V 1   V 1  R  V  R  1 
0.85 0.2549 0.2167 1.75 0.35049974
 V   R  1   R
0.85 0.1632 0.1387 2.25 0.26525498
0.85 0.1016 0.0863 2.75 0.190465
R0
W1  W2 D1
t 
V V
 W1  W2 W1  W2 W1  W
t  
 L   
V 1   V 1  R  V  R  1 
 V   R  1   R
0.85 0.0897 0.0763 3.25 0.19068875 R0
0.85 0.0614 0.0522 3.75 0.14580199 W1  W2 D1
t 
0.85 0.1026 0.0872 4.5 0.28220278 V V
0.85 0.0335 0.0285 5.5 0.10884458
0.85 0.0331 0.0282 6.5 0.12428506

0.85 3.6532 3.1052 4.2684

D d R t

0.265 0.85 2.8365 2.4110 1 2.83647872

0.1435 0.85 0.5184 0.4407 2.25 0.84245042
0.1085 0.85 0.1506 0.1280 3.5 0.33892896
0.094 0.85 0.1023 0.0869 4.5 0.28126765
0.086 0.85 0.0334 0.0284 5.5 0.1084839
0.082 0.85 0.0330 0.0281 6.5 0.12387321

0.85 3.6742 3.1231 4.5315

 1

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1
R xD R xD R xD
5 0.85 6 0.85 7 0.85 0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3
mLOR bLOR mLOR bLOR mLOR bLOR
0.83333333 0.14166667 0.85714286 0.12142857 0.875 0.10625

0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85

0 0.14166667 0 0.12142857 0 0.10625

0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85

0.682 0.85 682 0.85 0.682 0.85
0.682 0.71 682 584.692857 0.682 0.703
0.303 0.71 0.3 584.692857 0.305 0.703
0.303 0.39416667 0.3 0.37857143 0.305 0.373125
0.088 0.39416667 0.084 0.37857143 0.08 0.373125
0.088 0.215 0.084 0.19342857 0.08 0.17625

W1  W2 W1  W2 W  W2 D1
2
   1 
  R    R  1  R  V  1  V  1 
 V 1   V     
   R  1    R  1   R 1  R  1

D1

V
 W1  W2 W1  W2 W  W2 D1
2
   1 
  R    R  1  R  V  1  V  1 
 V 1   V     
   R  1    R  1   R 1  R  1

D1

V
 0 0
1 0.05 0.271
0.1 0.418
0.9 0.15 0.532
0.2 0.612
0.8 0.25 0.666
0.3 0.706
0.7 0.35 0.733
0.4 0.755
0.6 0.45 0.772
0.5 0.787
0.5
0.55 0.804
0.6 0.821
0.4
0.65 0.839
0.3
0.7 0.857
0.75 0.874
0.2 0.8 0.896
0.85 0.918
0.1 0.9 0.942
0.95 0.968
0 1 1
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
D29. A distillation column will use the optimum feed stage. A liquid side stream is withdrawn on the
third stage below the total condenser at a rate of 15.0 kmol/h. The feed is a two phase mixture that
is 20% vapor. Feed to the column is 100.0 kmol/h. The feed is 60.0 mol% acetone and 40.0 mol%
ethanol. We desire a distillate composition that is 90.0 mol% ethanol. We operate with an
external reflux ratio of L/D = 3. The bottoms product is 10.0 mol% acetone. A partial reboiler is
used. Find the mole fraction ethanol in the side stream xs, the optimum feed location, and the total
number of equilibrium contacts needed. Equilibrium data are available in Problem 4.D7.

F S D B z xS xD
60 12.12 44.3025 3.5775 0.6 0.808 0.9
40 2.88 4.9225 32.1975 0.4 0.192 0.1
100 15 49.225 35.775

N
R 0.9
3 0.859
0.859
mLOR bLOR 0.9 0.9 0.808
0.75 0.225 0 0.225 0.808
0.75
0.75
F S D B R q 0.685
100 15 49.225 35.775 3 0.8 0.685
0.62
Ln Vn Li Vi Lm Vm 0.62
147.675 196.9 132.675 196.9 212.675 176.9 0.547
0.547
0.446
mLOS bLOS 0.1 0.1 0.446
1.2022329 -0.02022329 0.58056288 0.6777485 0.294
0.294
mLOF bLOF 0.58056288 0.6777485 0.14
-4 3 0.6 0.6 0.14
0.056
0.58056288 0.6777485 0.056
-2.97993786 2.40778979 0.808 0
 xD 0.9 0.9
0.9 0

z 0.6 0.6 1
f(x) = 3.1455256325007 x⁵ − 10.0435552005917 x⁴ +
0.6 0 R² = 0.999996935412725

0.9
xS 0.547 0
0.547 0
0.8
xB xB 0.1 0.1
0.1 0.1 0
0.7
0.9

0.6

0.9
0.9 0.5

0
0 0.4
0
0
0 0.3
0
0
0.2
0
0
0 0.1
0
0
0
0 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4
0
0
0
0
0
0
256325007 x⁵ − 10.0435552005917 x⁴ + 12.7619498051983 x³ − 8.15686120737697 x² + 3.29324335259681 x
6935412725

0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1

D26. A distillation column with a partial condenser and a total reboiler is separating acetone and
ethanol. There are two feeds. One feed is 50.0 mol% acetone, flows at 100.0 mol/min, and is a
superheated vapor where approximately 1 mole of liquid will vaporize on the feed stage for each
20 moles of feed. The other feed is a saturated liquid, flows at 150.0 mol/min and is 35.0 mol%
acetone. We desire a distillate product that is yD = 0.85 mole fraction acetone and a bottoms
product that is xB = 0.10 mole fraction acetone. The column has a partial condenser and a total
reboiler. Boilup is returned as a saturated vapor. Column operates at a pressure of 1.0 atm.
Assume CMO and use a McCabe-Thiele diagram. VLE data are given in Problem 4.D7.
a. Find ( Vm/B)min. (Plot both feed lines to decide which one to use.)
b. Operate at Vm /B = 3 × ( Vm/B)min. The partial condenser is an equilibrium contact. If the stages
each have a Murphree liquid efficiency of 0.75, find optimum feed locations for each feed and
total number of real stages. (It is easiest to start at top and step down.)

2.- BALANCES EXTERNOS

F1 F2 D B z1 z2 xD
Ac 50.00 52.50 87.83 14.67 0.5 0.35 0.85
EtOH 50.00 97.50 15.50 132.00 0.5 0.65 0.15
100.00 150.00 103.33 146.67

3.- LOF2

q LOF2 0.35 0.35

1 0.35 0.8

4.- LOSmin y (Vm/B)min

mLOSmon bLOSmin LOSmin 0.1 0.1

1.8375 -0.08375 0.5 0.835

(Vm/B)min 1.19402985

(Vm/B) 3.58208955

B 146.67 Vm 525.37

5.- BALANCES INTERNOS

F1 F2 D B
100.00 150.00 103.33 146.67

Vm Lm q2 Vi Li q1 Vn Ln
525.37 672.04 1 525.37 522.04 -0.05 630.37 527.04

6. LINEAS DE OPERACIÓN 7.- ETAPAS TEÓRICAS

mLOR bLOR LOR 0.85 0.85 N
0.83607592 0.13933546 0.42723327 0.49653492 0.85
0.776
mLOI bLOI LOI 0.42723327 0.49653492 0.776
0.9936553 0.07201231 0.35 0.41979167 0.68
0.68
mLOS bLOS LOS 0.35 0.41979167 0.552
1.27916667 -0.02791667 0.1 0.1 0.552
0.392
mLOF1 bLOF1 LOF1 0.42723327 0.49653492 0.392
0.04761905 0.47619048 0.5 0.5 0.235
0.235
mLOF2 bLOF2 LOF2 0.35 0.35 0.105
0.35 0.41979167 0.105
0.04
0.04
8.- EFICIENCIA DE MURPHREE
eML
0.75
0.85 1 1
x1 0.776 0.85 0.85
x2 0.68 0.776 0
x3 0.552 0.68 0
x4 0.392 0.552 0
x5 0.235 0.392 0
x6 0.105 0.235 0
x7 0.04 0.105 0
0 0

9.- ETAPAS REALES Nreales

0.85 0.85
0.85 0.85
0.85 0
0.733 0
0.733 0
0.65 0
0.65 0
0.552 0
0.552 0
0.552 0
0.552 0
0.315 0
0.315 0
0.205 0
0.205 0
0.205 0
0.205 0
0.115 0
0.115 0
0.065 0
0.065 0
 1.- UBICACIÓN DE LAS CORRIENTES

xD 0.85 0.85
0.85 0

z1 0.5 0.5
1 0.5 0

z2 0.35 0.35
0.9
0.35 0

xB 0.8 0.1 0.1

0.1 0

0.7

xB 0.6
0.1
0.9
0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.

0.9

0.8

.- ETAPAS TEÓRICAS 0.7

0.6
 0.8

0.7

0.85 0.6
0.85
0
0 0.5
0
0
0.4
0
0
0 0.3
0
0
0.2
0
0
0 0.1
0

0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9
0.2

0.1

0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9
0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
 0.7 0.8 0.9 1

0.7 0.8 0.9 1

0.7 0.8 0.9 1
D30.* A distillation column is separating methanol from water. The column has a total condenser that
subcools the reflux so that 1 mole of vapor is condensed in the column for each 3 moles of reflux.
L0/D = 3. A liquid side stream is withdrawn from the second stage below the condenser. This side
stream is vaporized to a saturated vapor and then mixed with the feed and input on stage 4. The
side withdrawal rate is S = 500 kmol/h. The feed is a saturated vapor that is 48 mol% methanol.
Feed rate is F = 1000 kmol/h. A total reboiler is used, which produces a saturated vapor boilup.
We desire a distillate 92 mol% methanol and a bottoms 4 mol% methanol. Assume CMO.
Equilibrium data are given in Table 2-7. Find:
a. The total number of equilibrium stages required.
b. The value of Vm/B. xD

F D B z xD xB
480 460 20 0.48 0.92 0.04 z´
520 40 480 0.52 0.08 0.96
1000 500 500
xS
F D B R c
1000 500 500 3 0.33333333
xB
L0 V1 Ln Vn
1500 2000 2000 2500

mLOR bLOR 0.92 0.92 N

0.8 0.184 0 0.184 0.92
0.812
0.812
F S F´ z xS z´ 0.62
480 310 790 0.48 0.62 0.52666667 0.62
520 190 710 0.52 0.38 0.47333333 0.323
1000 500 1500 0.323
0.122
q´ 0.122
0 0.025
mLOF´ bLOF´ LOF´ 0.52666667 0.52666667 0.025
0 0.52666667 0 0.52666667

Ln Vn S Li Vi
2000 2500 500 1500 2500

F´ q´ Lm Vm Vm/B
1500 0 1500 1000

mLOS bLOS LOS 0.04 0.04

1.5 -0.02 0.36444444 0.52666667
mLOI bLOI 0.36444444 0.52666667
-2.06086957 1.27773913 0.62 0
 0.92 0.92
0.92 0

0.52666667 0.52666667
0.52666667 0

0.62 0.62
0.62 0

0.04 0.04
0.04 0

1
0.92
0.92 0.9
0
0.8
0
0 0.7
0
0 0.6
0
0.5
0
0 0.4
0
0.3

0.2

0.1

0
2 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1