Mark Scheme:

Unit title Management Theory and Practice

Textbook Management Theory & Practice (8th Edition) - G A Cole and Phil Kelly (Cengage Learning EMEA)
Series Sample Assessment Material

Question Answer Annotate Guidance

1 (a) Describe the main features of Bureaucracy [8 marks] Main text: 2 The Search for Principles of
(b) Compare and contrast the Classical approach and the Contingency approach Management, pages 23-33, 3 Bureaucracy,
to management. Include references to the relevant theorists in your answer [12 marks] pages 34-38, 9 Contingency Approaches to
Management, pages 103-107.
Indicative Content: √ Marker may use discretion to award marks
(a) Description to include reference to theory of bureaucracy, ie Max Weber and subsequent for well reasoned answers.
theories, eg Handy, Gouldner. NAQ
Marks:
6-8 marks: Detailed description which includes reference to theory as above BOD
4-5 marks: Satisfactory description of bureaucracy, no reference to theory
1-3 marks: limited attempt to describe bureaucracy
0 marks: No attempt to answer the question

(b) Brief descriptions of Contingency and Classical approaches to management, comparison

and contrast to include an identification of the main differences, ie early principles of
management – eg Fayol to modern interdependent, diagnostic approach – eg Lawrence
and Lorsch.
Marks:
9-12 marks: Detailed description of contingency and classical management, together with full
comparisons of the two approaches to management, as per above.
6-8 marks: Good description of contingency and classical management, together with full
comparisons of the two approaches, as per above.
4-5 marks: Satisfactory description of the two approaches, as per above.
1-3 marks: Limited attempt to describe the two approaches and comparisons, as per above.
0 marks: No attempt to answer the question.
Question Answer Annotate Guidance

2 Abraham Maslow (1943) refers to the needs of individuals in his theory on motivation. Main text: 4 Motivation-What motivates
With the aid of examples, evaluate: people43-51,
a) What these needs are. [10 marks]
b) How these needs might be categorised. [10 marks]
Indicative Content: √ Marker may use discretion to award marks
With the aid of suitable examples chosen: for well reasoned answers.
(a) Evaluation to include reference to Needs as identified by Maslow’s ‘Pyramid of NAQ
Hierarchy’, the 5 levels, ie physiological, safety, love, esteem, self-actualisation needs.
BOD
(b) Evaluation of the grouping of needs as identified by Maslow, ie Physiological, etc and the
point that people satisfy their needs systematically, starting with the basic needs and
moving up the hierarchy.

Marks for each part:

8-10 marks: Detailed evaluation of the findings, as per above, together with detailed examples
to illustrate.
6-7 marks: Good evaluation of the findings, as per above, together with good examples to
illustrate.
4-5 marks: Satisfactory evaluation of most of the main points as per above, suitable examples
given.
1-3 marks: Limited attempt at evaluation of the main points and/or no examples given.
0 marks: No attempt to answer the question.
Question Answer Annotate Guidance

3 Describe the main style of leadership you would adopt for the following circumstances: Main text: 6 Leadership-Theory and
(a) A warehouse employing 150 staff. [5 marks] practice, pages 69-73.
(b) A small precision engineering company. [5 marks]
(c) A Doctor’s partnership practice. [5 marks]
(d) A small travel agency. [5 marks]
Indicative content: √ Marker may use discretion to award marks
Description of the main styles of leadership, chosen as below: for well reasoned answers.
(a) Autocratic/Appointed/Functional style, NAQ
(b) Democratic/Situational/Functional/Charismatic style,
(c) Traditional/Democratic/Situational style, BOD
(d) Democratic/Situational/Appointed style.

Description chosen from the above or a suitably supported suggestion from candidate.

Marks for each part:

4-5 marks: Detailed description of appropriate style of leadership
2-3 marks: Satisfactory description of appropriate style of leadership
1 marks: Limited attempt to describe appropriate style of leadership
0 marks: No attempt to answer the question.
Question Answer Annotate Guidance

4 a) Define production planning [5 marks] Main text: 37 Managing the Operations

b) Define production control [5 marks] Function: Production, pages 441-447.
c) Explain to what extent they are separate and distinct production functions.
Use examples to support your answer. [10 marks]
Indicative Content: √ Marker may use discretion to award marks
(a) Production Planning relates to the short term plans evolving from production schedules; for well reasoned answers.
these include machinery, materials, parts, labour, etc. NAQ

(b) Production Control relates to the targets set in collaboration with other departments and BOD
the progress/control of orders through the production process.

Marks for a) and b):

4-5 marks: Detailed definition, including the link between them, as above.
2-3 marks: Satisfactory definition, as per above.
1 mark: Limited attempt to define, as per above
0 marks: No attempt to answer the question

(c) Production Planning and Control are closely linked and are usually shown as combined
functions. So, Production Planning and Production Control are part of the same process.
Candidates should use a suitable example to illustrate how they are linked.
Marks:
8-10 marks: Detailed explanation, including a clear example to support the answer, as per points
above.
6-7 marks: Good explanation, including a clear example to support the answer as per above
4-5 marks: Satisfactory explanation, as per points above, together with satisfactory example.
1-3 marks: Limited attempt describe, as per points above.
0 marks: No attempt to answer the question.
Question Answer Annotate Guidance

5 a) Briefly describe the Product Life Cycle. [6 marks] Main text: 31 The Marketing Mix: Product
b) Describe the importance of the Product Life Cycle to a company producing and Price, pages 374-381.
computer tablets. [10 marks]
Use a diagram to support your answer. [4 marks]
Indicative Content: √ Marker may use discretion to award marks
(a) Brief description of Product Life Cycle, ie to include development, introduction, growth, for well reasoned answers.
maturity, saturation, decline, demise. NAQ
Marks:
5-6 marks: Detailed description of the Product Life Cycle, as per above. BOD
3-4 marks: Good description of the Product Life Cycle, as per above.
1-2 marks: Limited attempt to describe the Product Life Cycle.
0 marks: No attempt to answer the question

(b) Appropriate Product Life Cycle diagram to show how computer tablets are at the growth
stage of their product life, as established technology on the market. Candidates should
show this and explain how producers are marketing the product in a very competitive
market.
Marks:
7-10 marks: Detailed comments on the importance of the Product Life Cycle, as per above, plus
4 marks for a detailed and well labelled diagram to support.
5-6 marks: Good comments on the importance, as per above, plus 3 marks for a well drawn
diagram.
3-4 marks: Satisfactory comments, as per above, plus 2 marks for an attempt to draw an
understandable diagram.
1-2 marks: Limited attempt to comment, as per above, plus 1 mark for a basic diagram.
0 marks: No attempt to answer the question.
Question Answer Annotate Guidance

6 Explain which type of production would be employed for the following: Main text: 37 Managing the Operations
(a) LED televisions. [5 marks] Function: Production, pages 439-447.
(b) Construction of a new bridge. [5 marks]
(c) Steel production. [5 marks]
(d) A range of fashion clothes. [5 marks]
Indicative Content: √ Marker may use discretion to award marks
Candidate to describe appropriate type of production, as per: for well reasoned answers.
NAQ
(a) LED Televisions, produced by Mass Production as this would be in volume, utilising
appropriate machinery and equipment to repeat processes to assemble. BOD

(b) The construction of a new bridge would employ Job Production as such a project is
unique and requires specific design, equipment and materials to complete such large
project.

(c) Steel production would adopt Process Production due to the nature of the raw materials
used (eg water, coal, iron ore) and the continuous process through which it has to pass, ie
smelting, moulding, rolling, cutting, etc.

(d) A range of fashion clothes would be produced using both Mass Production and Batch
production techniques, as items would be produced in batches appropriate to the
differing sizes, styles, colours, etc.

Marks for each part:

4-5 marks: Detailed explanation of the appropriate type of production employed, as per points
above.
3 marks: Good evaluation of the appropriate type of production employed, as per points above.
2 marks: Satisfactory explanation of the appropriate type of production, as per points above.
1 mark: Limited attempt to explain the appropriate type of production, as per points above.
0 marks: No attempt to answer the question.
Question Answer Annotate Guidance

7 a) Describe the main features of the following: Main text: 45 Budgeting Process, Pricing
(i) profit centre. [4 marks] and Capital Investment Decisions, Pages
(ii) cost centre. [4 marks] 542-551
(iii) revenue centre. [4 marks]
b) Explain how a profit centre, a cost centre and a revenue centre help with
Financial Management of a large manufacturing company. [8 marks]
Indicative Content: √ Marker may use discretion to award marks
(a) Description of: for well reasoned answers.
(i) Profit centre – Targets are based upon on differences between revenue and costs NAQ
(ii) Cost centre – Budgets based upon the costs of operating the service, eg marketing
(iii) Revenue centre – Outputs are measured by sales revenue targets BOD
Marks for each part:
3-4 marks: Detailed description of the main features, as per points above.
2 marks: Satisfactory description of the main features, as per points above.
1 mark: Limited attempt to describe the main features.
0 marks: No attempt to answer the question.

(b) Brief explanation of how used to assist financial management of organisation; ie enable
identification of individual centres which are performing or otherwise and where any
action needs to be taken to rectify or otherwise, as against prescribed budgets. Accurate
reporting is necessary to administer and monitor appropriately for manufacturing
organisation.
Marks:
6-8 marks: Detailed explanation of how the points above assist management.
5 marks: Good explanation of how the points above assist management.
3-4 marks: Satisfactory explanation of how the points above assist management.
1-2 marks: Limited attempt to explain the points above.
0 marks: No attempt to answer the question.
Question Answer Annotate Guidance

8 Explain how an organisation can develop a Corporate Level Strategy by utilising: Main text: 17 Strategic Aspects of
a) Ansoff matrix [10 marks] Management, pages 200-207.
b) Boston matrix. [10 marks]
Indicative Content: √ Marker may use discretion to award marks
Explanation of each part: for well reasoned answers.
NAQ
(a) The Ansoff Matrix: Product Market Alternatives; Four growth strategies based around
Diversification, Product Development, Market Development and Market Penetration BOD

(b) The Boston Matrix; Portfolio Framework the matrix yields four outcomes, viz: Stars (High
market share but negative cash flow), Cash Cows (High share of slow growing markets,
but positive cash flow), Question Marks (Low share of a fast growing market, requiring
high investment), Dogs (Low share of a slow growing market may produce a modest
positive cash flow).

Marks for each part:

8-10 marks: Detailed explanation of each aspect of the appropriate matrix, as per points above.
6-7 marks: Good explanation of each aspect of the appropriate matrix, as per points above.
4-5 marks: Satisfactory explanation of each aspect of the appropriate matrix, as per points
above.
1-3 marks: Limited explanation to explain the aspects of the appropriate matrix.
0 marks: No attempt to answer the question.