Chapter 16

DRAWING CONCLUSION AND WRITING RESEARCH

Learning Objectives:

1. Learn how to conceptualize and make a conclusion for research projects.

2. Conceptualize and present recommendations for research projects.
3. Know things to avoid in writing a conclusion for research projects.
4. Learn the easy way in making a conclusion for research projects.
5. Develop his skills in writing a conclusion for research project.

Overview:
1. Introduction
2. Discussion
3. Conclusion in research
4. Recommendation of Study
5. Writing the research project

1. Introduction

The aim of this chapter is to clarify the idea of conclusions in research, to show how
conclusions ought to be attracted and to support you, create skills expected to compose a thesis.
In this part, conclusions in research are investigated and clarified. The chapter exhibits how
conclusions are attracted research undertaking and shows what conclusions are base on. The
chapter clarifies how the last section of thesis or the last segment of the research report, is
intended to answer completely and totally the research question.

2. Discussion

Writing conclusion is the final chapter in making research. It explains and demonstrate how
they are drawn and what are they basis. The chapter also explain and demonstrate how
recommendations are made in a research project. The chapter also introduces tips on how to
write a conclusion in easy way, by following some checklist.

Conclusions are the facts that the researcher formulated and developed regarding the data
evaluation that the researcher conducted. These are the list of facts regarding the study, which
are the direct result of the data gathered analysis. Conclusions are produced based on the results
observed in the performance of the experimentation and interpretation.
The overall conclusion in the research project serves as the summary of the findings
discovered about the study. The overall conclusion serves as the answer to the general objective
of the study. This conclusion gives the facts about the research problem arranged in a manner
that this answers the specific objectives of the study. In a research study, theorizing conclusions
is the stage wherein after the development and formulation of the conclusions that directly
answered the specific questions the researcher then starts to formulate a theory regarding the

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results gathered from the data evaluation. These theories produced will be directly added to the
body of knowledge regarding study topic.
It is also important to theorize the conclusion. In a research study, theorizing conclusions is
the stage wherein after the development and formulation of the conclusions that directly
answered the specific questions the researcher then starts to formulate a theory regarding the
results gathered from the data evaluation. These theories produced will be directly added to the
body of knowledge regarding study topic.
This chapter shows how conclusions are drawn. The way toward speculating conclusions
is clarified and illustrated. The chapter clarifies and shows how suggestions are made in a
research project. The chapter likewise considers the way toward composing a theory and presents
tips for composing and the composition procedure. The importance of first draft and final draft of
the thesis are explained.

According to University of Southern California writing guide, (2019) a composed

conclusion furnishes you with significant chances to exhibit your overall idea and topic
regarding your research.

These are the things to consider for a good conclusion in research:

a. A good conclusion must be written in a good closing paragraph. Just like when writing
you are writing your introduction that it must be appealing to the readers. That for
conclusion it must leave a good impression to the readers.

b. Summarizing your considerations, concerns and conveying on the significance of your

research. The conclusion is the chance for the researcher to answer questions like [or
sometimes, to re-emphasize] the "So What?" question by setting the examination inside
the setting of how your research propels past research about the topic.

c. Identifying the gap in research writing. In the conclusion, you must include the gap and
identify it for future purposes.

d. Demonstrating the significance of your thoughts. Try not to be shy in writing your
conclusion. The conclusion offers you the chance to expand on the effect and not
worthiness of your discoveries.

e. Introducing conceivable new or extended perspectives about the research issue.

3. Conclusion in Research

A conclusion is basically a judgment, or ultimate choice. Toward the finish of the

research procedure, the researcher arrives at a final decision about the research. This final
decision will react to the research proclamation to the general goal of the research venture. In
this last phase of the research project, the researcher conceptualizes the general finish of the
research project. Which must develop intelligently and truly from the examination of the

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information assembled. Furthermore, from finding the research in such a way as to guarantee that
the overall conclusion responds to the research statement and achieves the aim of the research.
In presenting data analysis, the researcher engages in four stages of data analysis. First is
describing the data, the second is to interpret the data, third is coming to a minor conclusion and
lastly theorizing the data. In each progression of exhibiting the investigated information and the
discoveries of research, the researcher presents minor conclusion drawn from the research. this
minor conclusions is included into the general conclusion that the researcher drawn from the
results of the research.
The general conclusion that the specialist draws from the examination is displayed
toward the beginning of the last part, the section on conclusions and proposals. This general
conclusion is a reaction to the exploration question or explanation. It is the last achievement of
the general point of the exploration. It is the last achievement of the general point of research
project.

Figure 16.1 Source: essaypro.com

In doing the research and when finalizing your written conclusion, you must conclude in
clear and simple language as much possible. You must deliver and conclude that your findings
are different to other studies. You should not simply reiterate the results. The researcher should
make a summary of findings and arguments that will be included in the research paper. Nation,
Jr, (1997). The conclusion must address the problem statement of the research. The researcher
should also include room for opportunities to other researcher for future research. The researcher
may also summarize the argument for the readers.
In developing the conclusion, you may also be able to cite important question or ideas
which will be written and noted to the research paper. The researcher may also be restating the
facts, tables, graphs and any other form of visual image to support and emphasize the primary
objective of the research project.
According to Sacred Heart University, there are also problems to avoid in writing conclusion and
these are:

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 1. Conclusion not being concise
The conclusion should be simple and straight to the point. Sometimes, conclusions that
written too long includes unnecessary details that are not needed in the research It should
not include results and details in your methods use in research. The content of the
conclusion should be brief, where the focus of conclusion is on the implications,
evaluations, and insights that you make.

2. Unable to comment on larger, more significant issues

You should consider focusing and giving emphasis on the gaps in literature. The
conclusion should only includes how you contributes new knowledge and place research
with a larger context.

3. Unable to reveal problems and negative results

The conclusion should never ignored the negative aspects of the research process. Like
problems encountered during the conduct of the study that must be included in making
the researcher’s overall conclusion. Use the negative results to provide explanation and
opportunity for new information which can be used by future researcher.

4. Unable to conclude a clear summary of what was learned

The conclusion should be summarized briefly and clearly. The researcher could write a
conclusion in just one to three sentences.

5. Unable to match the objectives of your research

The conclusion should match the objectives and primary goal of the research.

6. Resist the urge to apologize

In writing conclusion, the researcher must be confident to the result of his research. He
must avoid having doubts on the produced data of his research.

Over the span of composing the conclusion, you should flex the gyrus and draft a last
consequence of the work. The substance of a conclusion presumes a synopsis of your thoughts
and demonstrating your subject with solid and reasonable contentions. A subordinate is based on
an investigation of the key proposal and sections. When checking your examination paper, a
scholarly center his entire regard for an illation in light of the fact that there he sees thoughts and
appraisals the understudy's constancy. Overall, composing the conclusion requests the creator's
undertakings and comprehension of its structure and essentialness. Jackson, SL (2015).

Easy Checklist for Writing a Conclusion:

1. Is the theory of the paper precisely rehashed here (however not rehashed verbatim)?
It is critical to help the reader to remember the postulation of the paper, so he is helped to
remember the contention and arrangements you proposed.
2. Are the central matters of the paper tended to and pulled together?

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 Think about the central matters as riddle pieces, and the conclusion is the place they all
fit together to make a greater picture. The reader should leave considering the master
plan.
3. Do you help the reader to remember the significance of the point?
Ensure that the paper puts its discoveries with regards to genuine social change.
4. Is there a feeling of conclusion?
Ensure the reader has a particular sense that the paper has arrived at an end. It is essential
to not leave the reader hanging. (You don't need her to have flip-the-page disorder, where
the reader turns the page, anticipating that the paper should proceed. The paper should
normally arrive at an end.)
5. Do you abstain from exhibiting new data?
No new thoughts ought to be presented in conclusion. It is essentially an audit of the
material that is as of now present in the paper. The main new thought would be the
proposing of a heading for future research.

Conclusion Example:
As tended to in my investigation of late research, the benefits of a later beginning time
for secondary school understudies fundamentally exceed the inconveniences. A later beginning
time would enable teenagers more opportunity to rest - something that is significant for their
physical and psychological wellness - and at last improve their scholarly presentation and
conduct. The additional transportation costs that outcome from this change can be retained
through vitality reserve funds. The valuable impacts on the understudies' scholastic execution
and conduct approve this choice, however, its impact on understudy inspiration is as yet obscure.
I would empower a top to bottom take a gander at the responses of understudies to such a
change. This kind of study would help decide the real impacts and rest propensities for
understudies.

4. The recommendations of the study

The recommendation of the study are the ways forward from the research.
Recommendations should be succinct, and it should be meaningful in relation to the aim and
objectives of the research, they should respond to the research statement. When giving
recommendations, we should consider that is do-able, there is no point giving recommendations
that cannot possibly put.
In the research study the recommendations are the formulated suggestions of the
researcher in order to further improve the research process used for the study. In formulating the
recommendations, the researcher conducts a thorough analysis on each part of the research
process and take notes of the parts that is needed to be improve that might have affected the
findings of the research. After the thorough analysis on each process the researcher formulates
the recommendation that when followed by the future researcher, the research study will
improved and the accuracy can be improved.

5. Writing the Research project

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This process is the most difficult part of the research process. Because the readers are depending
on the researcher’s writing in such that they are communicating by means of writing. It is
advisable that the researcher would start writing as early as he can because of time constraint. It
is important because in the first chapter of writing, it will dictate if the readers will like it or not.
In the second chapter of writing research project is the literature review which contains the
theoretical framework for the research project.
In developing a research project, a certain process must be observed in order to have a
smooth conduct of a study. This Research process starts with the Formulation of idea. In this
stage the researcher thinks of the idea in which the study will be focusing and also the
parameters to be considered in order to have defined desired output in the study. Then the
development of the research question that will also serve as the conceptual framework of the
study. In this stage, the key idea or concepts of the study will be incorporated into one precise
statement that can guide the general readers on what is the study all about. Then the formulation
of specific aim and objectives, in this stage different goals will be set in a systematic
arrangement in order to address the main aim of the study, this will also serve as a guide into step
by step process in performing the research study. After that the conduct of Related Literature,
this stage known knowledge in the research study will be gathered in order to widen the
researcher’s knowledge about the study. Then the selection of method to be use, in this stage the
researcher selects the method of research that will be used in the study, in choosing the research
method the researcher must see to it that the method to be selected is appropriate to the output
desired for the study. After the selection of research method, the method of data collection will
be formulated, in this stage the researcher formulates an effective way of collecting reliable data
that will be used to answer the questions of the study. Then the gathering of data, in this stage the
developed data collection will be performed in order to acquire the needed data. Then the
researcher will analyze the gathered data using the basic principles regarding the study then from
the analyzed data the conclusions will be formulated. After performing correctly, the process
stated above the researcher will now have the complete research study desired.

End of Chapter Questions:

 What is Conclusion?
 What are recommendations and how are they developed?
 Explain the process in making conclusion.
 What are to avoid in making conclusion for research study?
 What are the checklists in making conclusion?
 Explain briefly what is recommendation?

REFERENCES:
Cally Guerin, (2019) Doctoral writing. Wordpress
Jackson, SL (2003), Research Methods and Statistics: A Critical Thinking Approach, Fourth
Edition, Wadsworth/Cengage Learning
Jackson, SL (2015). Research Methods: A Modular Approach, Third Edition,
Wadsworth/Cengage Learning

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Nation, Jr (1997). Research Methods, Prentice Hall
USClibraries, University of Southern California writing guide, (2019), retrieve from
https://libguides.usc.edu/writingguide