Compound and complex sentences

Compound sentences contain two simple sentences connected by a coordinating conjunction such
as, 'and', 'but', or 'so', and a comma that comes before the conjunction. If two sentences are
combined without a comma or a conjunction, they are known as run-on errors. Compound
sentences also contain two subjects and two verbs. The example below is a correct compound
sentence. Example: John didn't eat breakfast, so he already felt hungry by midmorning.

A. Rewrite the simple sentence pairs below to make compound sentences. Choose from
one of the coordinating conjunctions below to combine the sentences.

For and nor but or so yet

1. Jack may go to Bali for his summer vacation. He may just decide to stay home and relax.

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2. Japan is a small country with a large population. Canada is a large country with a small
population.

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3. Samantha doesn't like carrots. She does not like broccoli.

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4. Fred has never been married. He doesn't have children.

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5. Toyotas are popular cars. They are affordable and well made.

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Complex sentences contain at least one subject and one verb but may include up to two subjects
and two verbs. They are made up of one independent clause and a dependent clause that are
linked by a subordinating conjunction such as, 'although', 'because', or 'when'. A clause is
independent if it can stand on its own as a simple sentence. A clause is dependent if it cannot
stand on its own as a simple sentence. For example, the clause, 'Because of the heavy traffic' is not
a complete sentence and needs to combine with an independent clause to make a complete
sentence. A dependent clause on its own is known as a fragment error. The example below is a
correct complex sentence. Example: Because of the heavy traffic, John was late for work.
 B. Combine the simple sentence pairs below to make complex sentences. Choose from one
of the subordinating conjunctions below to combine the sentences.

Since if although because when while after.

1. You exercise. You can lose weight and gain strength.

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2. I grow up. I will become a doctor.

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3. Tom attended all his classes and studied diligently. He received an excellent final grade.

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4. Joan is very wealthy. She lives in a small apartment and drives an old car.

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5. New York was established in 1624. It has become the most important city in America.

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C. The paragraph below contains a number of run-on and fragment errors. Highlight them
and then rewrite the paragraph so that all the sentences are correct.

The Eiffel tower gets its name from Gustave Eiffel. Who was a reknowned architect at the
time. It was constructed for the 1889 Paris Exposition Universelle (World's Fair). The tower
consists of more than 18,000 pieces of wrought iron it contains 2.5 million rivets. It took
several hundred workers two years to assemble the tower it stands at 1000 feet tall and was
the world's tallest building until 1930. When the Chrysler Building in New York surpassed it.
The tower was originally only intended as a temporary structure it was almost torn down in
1909 but is now an iconic and globally recognised piece of architecture it has become so
popular that it now attracts over seven million visitors per year.