UNIVERSITY OF THE CORDILLERAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

MECH 2 - DYNAMICS OF RIGID BODIES

MODULE 2: APPLYING THE PRINCIPLES OF DYNAMICS

UNIT 4: FLIGHT OF A PROJECTILE

Instructor:

Ryan Paul D. Bolide, CE

 UNIT LEARNING OUTCOMES
In this unit, here are the following desired learning outcomes:
✘ Define Curvilinear Motion.
✘ Solve problems regarding projectile motion.

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 CURVILINEAR MOTION

If the direction of the resultant

passing the center of gravity of the
body is varying, the motion path will
be a curved line called curvilinear
translation.

It is often convenient to study these

kinds of motion by resolving each
parameter in its components.

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VELOCITY IN CURVILINEAR MOTION

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ACCELERATION IN CURVILINEAR MOTION

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 PROJECTILE MOTION
The equations developed in the discussions for Uniform
Rectilinear and Uniformly Accelerated Rectilinear
Motion (Free-Fall) will here be used in the analysis of
the motion of a projectile.
The actual motion of a projectile is influenced by a
number of factors, such as the rotation of the projectile
𝑉
due to the rifling of the barrel, wind velocity, humidity,
etc., which require modifications in the results found
𝑉 𝑉
from the assumed ideal conditions. The motion of a 𝑉 𝑦
projectile moving without rotation in a vacuum will here
𝑉
be considered.
The motion may be studied by treating the components 𝑥
of the motion in the "𝑥" and "𝑦" directions as follows:

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 PROJECTILE MOTION
Trajectory – the path of the projectile
Range, 𝑥 = the total distance covered by the projectile
during the time of flight.
Time of Flight, 𝑡 = the time from the launch of the
projectile to its landing on the ground.
𝑉
Maximum Height, 𝑦 = the greatest height reached by
the projectile relative to the ground. The vertical
𝑉 𝑉
component of velocity of the object when it will reach its 𝑉 𝑦
maximum height is zero.
𝑉
Time to Reach Maximum Height, 𝑡 . When the
projectile reaches its greatest height. 𝑥

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 !! RECALL !!
Uniformly
Uniform Accelerated
Rectilinear Rectilinear Motion
Motion (Free-Fall)

𝑉 = 𝑉 + 𝑎𝑡 → 𝑉 = 𝑉 + 𝑔𝑡
𝑉=
𝑡 1 1
𝑆 = 𝑉 𝑡 + 𝑎𝑡 → 𝑦 = 𝑉 𝑡 + 𝑔𝑡
2 2
𝑉 − 𝑉 = 2𝑎𝑆 → 𝑉 − 𝑉 = 2𝑔𝑦

Where: Where:
𝑔 = 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝑉 = 𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦
𝑦 = ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡
𝑆 = 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑔 = 9.81 𝑚/𝑠2 = 981 𝑐𝑚/𝑠2 = 32.2 𝑓𝑡/𝑠2
𝑉 = 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦
𝑡 = 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑛 Always consider the “DOM” as the positive
𝑉 = 𝐼𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦
direction.
𝑡 = 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑝𝑠𝑒𝑑/𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑛
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 1
EXAMPLE 1.
𝑑𝑆 𝑉 − 𝑉 = 2𝑔𝑦
𝑉= 𝑉 = 𝑉 + 𝑔𝑡 𝑦 = 𝑉 𝑡 + 𝑔𝑡
𝑑𝑡 2

A bullet is projected upward at an

angle of 60 with the horizontal with
a velocity of 2000 ft /s. Find the
range and time of flight.

2000 𝑓𝑡/𝑠
𝑦
60°
𝑥

Required:
𝑥 and 𝑡

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 1
EXAMPLE 2.
𝑑𝑆 𝑉 − 𝑉 = 2𝑔𝑦
𝑉= 𝑉 = 𝑉 + 𝑔𝑡 𝑦 = 𝑉 𝑡 + 𝑔𝑡
𝑑𝑡 2

A shot is fired from a gun on the top

of a cliff 400 ft. high, with a velocity
of 768 ft/s, the angle of elevation of
the gun being 30°. Find the range
on a horizontal plane through the
base of the cliff and its final velocity
the moment it touches the ground.

768 𝑓𝑡/𝑠
30°
𝑦

400 𝑓𝑡

Required:
𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑉

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 1
EXAMPLE 2. Continuation………
𝑑𝑆 𝑉 − 𝑉 = 2𝑔𝑦
𝑉= 𝑉 = 𝑉 + 𝑔𝑡 𝑦 = 𝑉 𝑡 + 𝑔𝑡
𝑑𝑡 2

A shot is fired from a gun on the top

of a cliff 400 ft. high, with a velocity
of 768 ft/s, the angle of elevation of
the gun being 30°. Find the range
on a horizontal plane through the
base of the cliff and its final velocity
the moment it touches the ground.

768 𝑓𝑡/𝑠
30°
𝑦

400 𝑓𝑡

Required:
𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑉

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 Let’s review some concepts

“Projectile Motion problems can be solve by simple

combination of the principles developed in Uniform
Rectilinear Motion and Uniformly Accelerated
Rectilinear Motion as observed in Free-Falling
Bodies.”

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 thanks!
Any questions?
rdbolide@uc-bcf.edu.ph

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 Credits
Special thanks to all the people who made and released
these awesome resources for free:
✘ Presentation template by SlidesCarnival
✘ Photograph by Pixabay

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