Parkland Memorial

Hospital

Parkland Memorial Hospital is a hospital in Dallas, Texas, United States. It is the main hospital
of the Parkland Health & Hospital System and serves as Dallas County's public hospital. It is
located within the Southwestern Medical District.
 Parkland Memorial Hospital

Parkland Health & Hospital System

Parkland Memorial new hospital building dedicated in 2015.

Wikimedia | © OpenStreetMap

Geography

Location 5200 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas, United

States

Coordinates 32°48′37″N 96°50′20″W (https://geohack.toolforg

e.org/geohack.php?pagename=Parkland_Memori
al_Hospital&params=32_48_37_N_96_50_20_W_re
gion:US-TX_type:landmark)

Organization

Care system Public

Type General and Teaching

Affiliated university UT Southwestern Medical Center

Services

Emergency department Level I trauma center

Beds 882

History

Opened May 19, 1894

Links

Website Parklandhospital.com (https://www.parklandhospi

tal.com/)

Lists Hospitals in Texas

History
 Parkland Hospital

U.S. National Register of Historic Places

Dallas Landmark

Parkland Hospital (1913-1954)

Parkland
Hospital

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Location 3819 Maple Ave.,

Dallas, Texas

Coordinates 32°48′15″N 96°48′56″W (https://geohack.toolforg

e.org/geohack.php?pagename=Parkland_Memori
al_Hospital&params=32_48_15_N_96_48_56_W_ty
pe:landmark_region:US-TX)

Area 3.3 acres (1.3 ha)

Built 1913

Built by G. W. Sonnefield
 Architect Hubbell & Greene

Architectural style Colonial Revival, Georgian Revival

NRHP reference No. 10000249 (https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/

NRIS/10000249) [1]

DLMK No. H/31 (http://dallascityhall.com/departments/sust

ainabledevelopment/historicpreservation/Pages/
Dallas-Landmark-Structures.aspx)

Significant dates

Added to NRHP October 25, 2011

Designated DLMK January 7, 1987[2]

The original hospital opened on May 19, 1894, in a wooden building on a 17-acre (6.9 ha)
meadow located at Oak Lawn Avenue and Maple. The name Parkland came from the land on
which the hospital was built, originally purchased by the city as a park.[3] A brick building (the
first hospital brick building erected in Texas, now owned by Crow Holdings) replaced the wooden
facility in 1913.[4]

In 1954, Parkland moved to 5201 Harry Hines Boulevard about a mile from its original site.

On August 20, 2015, Parkland opened a new emergency department and began accepting
patients. Staff members and patients were transferred throughout the next few days, from 5201
Harry Hines Boulevard to the new hospital located across the street at 5200 Harry Hines
Boulevard. The new hospital welcomed its first birth, a boy delivered by Caesarean section, that
same morning.[5][6]

John F. Kennedy assassination

The plaque in Parkland's Radiology Department marks the location of Trauma Room I in 1963.

Parkland Hospital is best known as the hospital where five individuals associated with the
assassination of United States President John F. Kennedy either died or were pronounced dead:
President Kennedy himself, his assassin Lee Harvey Oswald, Jack Ruby who later killed Oswald,
Abraham Zapruder, who had filmed Kennedy's assassination, and Jean Hill, another witness to
the assassination (the "Lady in Red" seen in the Zapruder film). The 2013 film Parkland
dramatizes the deaths of Kennedy and Oswald in the hospital.

After he was shot on November 22, 1963, President Kennedy was rushed to Parkland, where he
was pronounced dead at 1:00 p.m. in Trauma Room 1, 30 minutes after he was shot at Dealey
Plaza. At the same time, Texas governor John Connally, wounded in the same shooting, was
treated in Trauma Room 2, and survived. Two days after the assassination, November 24,
Oswald was rushed to Parkland after being shot in the abdomen by Ruby and died in operating
room #5 after over 90 minutes of surgery. Ruby died on January 3, 1967, in the same emergency
department, from a pulmonary embolism associated with lung cancer. Then, on August 30, 1970,
Zapruder also died at Parkland.

Since Ruby's death in 1967, areas where Kennedy was pronounced dead and Oswald was
operated on have been remodeled. A plaque there marks the location where Trauma Room 1
was previously in the prior Parkland.[7] Parkland's JFK history wall is noted at the new hospital.[8]

Awards and recognition

Parkland has been recognized as one of the nation's Most Wired™ Hospitals for excellence in
using technology to fill gaps in care, provide services 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, and expand
access to medical specialists. The hospital received this recognition 2014–2017.

Parkland was awarded The Joint Commission's Gold Seal of Approval® and the American Heart
Association/American Stroke Association's Heart-Check mark in 2017 for Advanced
Certification for Comprehensive Stroke Centers.

In 2017, Parkland Health & Hospital System was recognized as a Top Performer in LGBT
Healthcare Equality by the Human Rights Campaign (HRC) Foundation, the educational arm of
the country's largest lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) civil rights organization.
Parkland earned top marks in meeting non-discrimination and training criteria that demonstrate
its commitment to equitable, inclusive care for LGBT patients and their families.

Leadership

In May 2017, Fred Cerise, MD, MPH, president and CEO of Parkland Health & Hospital System
was appointed by the U.S. Comptroller General to the Medicaid and CHIP Payment and Access
Commission (MACPAC). As a member of the commission, Dr. Cerise serves as a national
advisor to Congress on issues affecting Medicaid and CHIP.

Parkland Trauma Department

In 2016, the staff of Parkland's Rees-Jones Trauma Center began an initiative to teach classes to
the community members so that they can learn how to recognize life-threatening bleeding and
administer appropriate medical treatment before professional rescuers arrive. Parkland "Stop
the Bleed" classes have been adapted from courses including the U.S. Military's Tactical combat
Casualty Care Guidelines and the Prehospital trauma Life Support (PHTLS) course and a part of
a large, United States Government effort to make "Stop the Bleed" training the CPR of the 21st
century.

The staff of Parkland Memorial Hospital's Emergency Department and Rees-Jones Trauma
Center received the 2016 Texas Preparedness Leadership Award for "Outstanding Service in
Response to the 2016 Dallas Police Shootings." The award was presented at the 2016
Preparedness Coalition Symposium held Oct. 12–14 in Galveston.

Capabilities

Parkland is the Dallas County public hospital; funds are primarily provided by a specially
designated property tax on Dallas County residents.

Parkland serves as one of Dallas's four Level I Trauma Centers (alongside Baylor University
Medical Center, Methodist Dallas Medical Center, Children's Medical Center, Methodist Charlton
Medical Center), a primary care center for Dallas County residents, and (along with UT
Southwestern) as a medical and surgical referral center for North Texas and parts of Southern
Oklahoma. Thus, virtually all medical and surgical subspecialties are represented—which makes
Parkland a destination for post-graduate medical training. The Parkland Burn Center, one of the
largest civilian burn units in the U.S., is famous for the Parkland Formula for fluid resuscitation,
developed by Charles R. Baxter in the 1960s.[9][10] The fame of the Parkland formula is due to its
being one of the first treatments for burn that included rehydration and electrolytic
management.[11]

Parkland ranks among the largest teaching hospitals in the nation. Texas Woman's University
began its Bachelor of Science nursing program at Parkland in 1954 and it is still located within
walking distance of the Parkland campus. Parkland also serves as the major teaching hospital
of the adjacent University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center.

It has the distinction of delivering more infants under one roof than any other hospital in the
nation, averaging 15–16,000 deliveries per year. Parkland Memorial has eleven prenatal clinics
and employs 72 doctors training to become obstetricians-gynecologists and 45 nurse-midwives.
In 2005, the staff delivered 15,590 babies, an average of more than 42 infants per day.[12]
Parkland created one of the first high-risk antenatal units in the nation and had the first neonatal
intensive care unit in North Texas.

Parkland has approximately 240,000 emergency visits a year, for the co-located main emergency
department (153,915 visits in 2013), and the urgent care unit (60,013 visits in 2013).[13]

Parkland is also the base for Biotel, the medical direction system used by Dallas Fire-Rescue as
well as fourteen other emergency medical service agencies in the Metroplex.

New Parkland Hospital

Parkland's high volume of patients led to the decision by the Dallas County Commissioners
Court to propose replacing the overcrowded, 50+-year-old building with a new 1,700,000-square-
foot (160,000 m2), 17-story, 862-bed facility, along with a new 380,000-square-foot (35,000 m2)
outpatient center, a 275,000-square-foot (25,500 m2) office facility, and parking for 6,000 cars.
The total cost would be $1.27 billion, to be paid for through three avenues: 1) a $747 million
bond proposition (contingent on voter approval, which was obtained in November 2008), 2) $350
million of cash from current and future operations, and 3) $150 million from private
donations.[14]

The board approved nearly $100 million in contracts and hired two architectural firms – HDR,
Inc. (based in Omaha, Nebraska, but operates a large practice in Dallas) and Corgan Associates
Inc. (based in Dallas) – to design the new building. (A parking garage was completed as a
design/build project by Whiting-Turner Construction and the architecture firm of Omniplan in
January 2012.) One major feature of the new facility is that movements of staff and supplies are
handled in separate corridors and elevators from those used by patients and visitors.

The formal groundbreaking ceremony was held in October 2010; the facility was officially
dedicated in March 2015,[15] with all patients and staff officially occupying the facility that
August.[5] The new facility is immediately across Harry Hines Boulevard from the former hospital
complex, and is served by the Medical District station of DART light rail, which opened in
December 2010.
[16] In addition to Dallas County taxpayers funding the public hospital, large
private donations were made as well, over the next five years; one major donation of $1 million
was made by the Bank of America Charitable Foundation. Donors have their names permanently
etched in glass panels in the two-story, glass atrium main lobby.[17][18]

Hatcher Station Health Center

In May, 2014, a new 44,300-square-foot, Parkland Health & Hospital System-affiliated outpatient
clinic near Fair Park began construction on a 7-acre site adjacent to DART's Hatcher Station. The
$19.8 million clinic, which was designed by BOKA Powell for Frazier Revitalization Inc. and
Parkland Health & Hospital System, serves geriatric and behavioral health patients, along with
adults, women, children, and infants. It also provides on-site diagnostic imaging and lab
services. Exam rooms feature flexible equipment setups, and an on-site conference facility
accommodates education and wellness programs.[19] The clinic, officially named Hatcher
Station Health Center, opened on May 19, 2015.[20]

Psychiatric emergency room

Abuse of patients in the hospital's psychiatric emergency room has been documented and
brought about federal oversight of the hospital.[21] On March 16, 2014, a nurse forced a roll of
toilet paper into the mouth of a patient who had spit at him.[22] Texas health authorities
investigated the incident and found that Parkland was in "substantial compliance" with federal
Medicare regulations in late 2014.[23]

See also

List of hospitals in Texas

National Register of Historic Places listings in Dallas County, Texas

 List of Dallas Landmarks

References

1. "National Register Information System" (https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP) . National Register of Historic

Places. National Park Service. November 2, 2013.

2. Thomas P. Perkins, Jr. (February 28, 2007). "Ordinance No. 26590" (https://dallascityhall.com/department
s/sustainabledevelopment/historicpreservation/HP%20Documents/Landmark%20Structures/Old%20Par
kland%20Hospital%20Ordinance%2026590.pdf) (PDF). City of Dallas. Retrieved September 3, 2018.

3. "Parkland Hospital on Maple Avenue, first wood-frame building" (http://utswlibrary.omeka.net/items/sh

ow/47) . Utswlibrary.omeka.net. July 3, 2011. Retrieved April 3, 2013.

4. "Parkland Hospital on Maple Avenue, with doctors and nurses in front" (http://utswlibrary.omeka.net/item
s/show/59) . Utswlibrary.omeka.net. July 3, 2011. Retrieved April 2, 2013.

5. Jacobson, Sherry; Rajwani, Naheed (2015-08-20). "At home, at last: Parkland hospital opens $1.3 billion
facility" (http://www.dallasnews.com/news/news/2015/08/20/at-home-at-last-parkland-hospital-opens-
1.3-billion-facility) . Dallas News. The Dallas Morning News. Retrieved 2016-10-03.

6. "New Parkland Hospital Opens Doors to Patients" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150820023342/http://

www.nbcdfw.com/news/health/New-Parkland-to-Open-Doors-Thursday-322090022.html) .
Nbcdfw.com. Archived from the original (http://www.nbcdfw.com/news/health/New-Parkland-to-Open-Do
ors-Thursday-322090022.html/) on 20 August 2015. Retrieved 18 February 2015.

7. "Kennedy Connection" (http://www.parklandhospital.com/phhs/kennedy-connection.aspx) .

Parklandhospital.com. Retrieved 9 July 2016.

8. "Parkland's JFK history will be noted at new hospital" (http://www.modernhealthcare.com/article/201407

05/MAGAZINE/307059987/1138) . Modernhealthcare.com. Retrieved 21 August 2015.

9. Baxter, Charles R.; Shires, Tom (1968), "Physiological Response to Crystalloid Resuscitation of Severe
Burns", Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 150 (3): 874–894, Bibcode:1968NYASA.150..874B
(https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1968NYASA.150..874B) , doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1968.tb14738.x
(https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1749-6632.1968.tb14738.x) , PMID 4973463 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.ni
h.gov/4973463) , S2CID 28844869 (https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:28844869)

10. "A look back at Parkland throughout the years" (http://www.dallassouthnews.org/2012/01/12/a-look-bac

k-at-parkland-throughout-the-years/) . Dallassouthnews.org. Jan 12, 2012. Retrieved April 2, 2013.

11. Baxter, CR (Oct 1974). "Fluid volume and electrolyte changes of the early postburn period". Clin Plast
Surg. 1 (4): 693–703. doi:10.1016/S0094-1298(20)30126-7 (https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0094-1298%28
20%2930126-7) . PMID 4609676 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4609676) .

12. Dallas Morning News

13. "Statistics" (http://www.parklandhospital.com/phhs/parklands-statistics.aspx) . Parklands Hospital.
Retrieved 3 August 2014.

14. "Archived copy" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130312052941/http://newparkland.parklandhospital.co

m/about-the-new-hospital/financing.html) . Archived from the original (http://newparkland.parklandhos
pital.com/about-the-new-hospital/financing.html) on March 12, 2013. Retrieved April 3, 2013.

15. Jacobson, Sherry (2015-03-30). "New Parkland hospital dedicated to Dallas County residents" (http://ww
w.dallasnews.com/news/news/2015/03/30/new-parkland-hospital-dedicated-to-dallas-county-resident
s) . The Dallas Morning News. Retrieved 2016-10-03.

16. Jacobson, Sherry (October 28, 2010). "Parkland Memorial Hospital promises to be 'patient-centered' with
new design" (http://www.dallasnews.com/news/community-news/dallas/headlines/20101027-Parkland-
Memorial-Hospital-promises-to-be-5573.ece) . The Dallas Morning News. Retrieved November 9, 2012.

17. Wilonsky, Robert (November 30, 2010). "Further and Further Inside the New Parkland" (http://blogs.dallas
observer.com/unfairpark/2010/11/further_and_further_inside_the.php) . Dallas Observer. Retrieved
November 9, 2012.

18. Gager, Russ. "Parkland Health and Hospital System" (http://www.construction-today.com/index.php/secti

ons/institutional/808-parkland-health-and-hospital-system) . Construction Today. Retrieved
November 9, 2012.

19. "Parkland Breaks Ground on $19.8 Million Clinic at Hatcher Station Village" (http://healthcare.dmagazine.
com/2014/05/08/parkland-breaks-ground-on-19-8-million-clinic-at-hatcher-station-village/) .
Healthcare.dmagazine.com. 8 May 2014. Retrieved 9 July 2016.

20. "Locations – Parkland Health & Hospital System" (http://www.parklandhospital.com/phhs/locations/hatc

her-station-health-center-139.aspx) . Parklandhospital.com. Retrieved 9 July 2016.

21. Moffeit, Miles (June 20, 2014). "Parkland Memorial isn't alone: abuse of disabled also persists at state-
run centers" (http://watchdogblog.dallasnews.com/2014/06/parkland-memorial-isnt-alone-abuse-persist
s-at-state-disability-centers.html/) . The Dallas Morning News. Retrieved June 21, 2014.

22. Miles Moffeit and Brooks Egerton (June 14, 2014). "Parkland psych ER is again scene of patient abuse"
(http://www.dallasnews.com/investigations/20140614-parkland-psych-er-is-again-scene-of-patient-abu
se.ece) . The Dallas Morning News. Retrieved June 21, 2014.

23. Jacobson, Sherry (November 14, 2014). "Despite problems, Parkland hospital found in "substantial
compliance" with Medicare rules" (http://thescoopblog.dallasnews.com/2014/11/despite-problems-parkl
and-hospital-found-in-substantial-compliance-with-medicare-rules.html/) . The Dallas Morning News.
Retrieved January 8, 2015.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Parkland Memorial Hospital.

 Parkland Memorial Hospital Official Site (http://www.parklandhospital.com)

New Parkland Hospital Official Site (http://newparkland.parklandhospital.com/)

Parkland Formula Formula (http://www.mdcalc.com/parkland-formula-for-burns/) created

by Dr. Baxter of Parkland Hospital

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