Professional Documents
Culture Documents
PENDAHULUAN
• Pendahuluan mesti ditulis dalam satu ayat dan dimulakan dengan Petikan
menerangkan .......................... atau
• Rumusan menerangkan (kata kunci 1) dan (kata kunci 2). Kata Kunci 1 hendaklah
ditukarkan kepada perkataan yang sinonim, sementara kata kunci ke-2 tidak perlu
ditukar.
• Pendahuluan yang tepat dan lengkap akan memperoleh dua markah.
ISI TERSURAT
• Isi tersurat ada dalam petikan dan calon hendaklah mendapatkan sekurang-kurangnya
6 ayat tersurat daripada petikan.
• Isi tersurat mestilah berdasarkan kehendak soalan yang pertama dalam soalan.
• Calon digalakkan supaya tidak mengubah struktur ayat isi tersurat.
ISI TERSIRAT
KESIMPULAN
PEMERENGGANAN
JUMLAH PERKATAAN
• Oleh itu
• Oleh yang demikian
• Hal ini demikian
• Sehubungan dengan itu
• Langkah / Cara
o Hendaklah /perlulah / mestilah / haruslah / wajar / boleh / sepatutnya /
wajib
3. Isi Tersirat
• Isi tersirat ditulis berdasarkan pendapat pelajar sendiri . (mesti ada kaitan
dengan keseluruhan)
• Dicadangkan agar pelajar menulis isi tersirat dengan menyentuh tiga pihak
iaitu individu, masyarakat, dan kerajaan.
4. Kesimpulan
Latihan 1
Baca petikan di bawah dengan teliti, kemudian buat satu rumusan tentang ciri-ciri remaja
dan cara-cara remaja mengatasinya. Panjangnya rumusan hendaklah tidak melebihi
120 patah kata.
Zaman remaja sering kali dikaitkan dengan alam yang penuh pancaroba kerana inilah
alam yang perlu dilalui oleh setiap insan sebelum menginjak ke alam dewasa. Ahli
psikologi memberikan takrifan usia bagi remaja adalah dalam lingkungan 13 hingga 21
tahun. Usia remaja merupakan usia perubahan atau transisi kanak-kanak kepada remaja
sebelum mereka menjadi dewasa. Fasa transisi merupakan cabaran yang amat getir buat
remaja. Sekiranya mereka gagal mengawal minda atau membuat pertimbangan yang
sewajarnya, hal yang negatif amat mudah terjadi. Remaja akan mudah terkesan dengan
perkara yang berlaku di sekeliling mereka. Sifat memberontak wujud dalam diri remaja
sekiranya keinginan mereka tidak dipenuhi. Ahli keluarga seharusnya berperanan
mendekati para remaja dengan penuh hikmah sewaktu mereka melalui fasa transisi ini.
Kebanyakan remaja mudah terdorong dengan perkara yang berkaitan dengan seksual.
Selain itu, pada waktu tertentu, emosi remaja mudah menjadi tidak stabil. Malahan,
ketika ini juga mereka mula berkonflik dengan diri sendiri, keluarga atau rakan sebaya.
Ada kalanya, semua yang berlaku serba tidak kena dengan jiwa mereka. Dalam era
teknologi maklumat dan komunikasi ini, remaja dilihat sebagai kelompok usia yang
menebal dan mahu mencuba pelbagai perkara yang dianggap sebagai tindak balas semula
jadi yang wujud dalam diri remaja. Kadang kala, fikiran remaja menjadi keliru dan
bercelaru disebabkan oleh pelbagai faktor, termasuklah keluarga, rakan sebaya dan
persekitaran yang kurang memberangsangkan. Lumrahnya, remaja juga tidak suka
dikongkong oleh orang yang lebih tua daripadanya. Seharusnya para ibu bapa perlu
menjadi sahabat terhadap anak remaja mereka. Namun, situasi inilah yang jarang sekali
berlaku dalam kalangan masyarakat.
Sikap sudah terhantuk baru tengadah perlu dihindari atau dijauhi oleh setiap ahli
masyarakat kerana bimbang akan membawa impak yang lebih buruk. Potensi atau masa
hadapan remaja pasti akan terjejas sekiranya terlibat dengan gejala negatif. Bukanlah
sesuatu yang mudah jika remaja itu ingin kembali ke pangkal jalan, melainkan mereka
mempunyai semangat yang cukup kuat. Sesal dahulu pendapatan, sesal kemudian tiada
gunanya. Sokongan dan dorongan daripada orang yang lebih dewasa seharusnya hadir pada
saat-saat mereka memerlukannya. Sesungguhnya remaja hari ini memerlukan perhatian
dan bukannya kritikan semata-mata. Hal ini demikian kerana remaja merupakan modal
insan yang bakal memacu kecemerlangan negara pada masa akan datang.
Jawapan Rumusan:
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(i) Berikan maksud rangkai kata impak yang lebih buruk. [2 markah]
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(ii) Pengarang menyatakan beberapa peranan pelbagai pihak amat diperlukan sewaktu
para remaja melalui fasa transisi dalam kehidupan mereka.
Nyatakan peranan-peranan tersebut. [3 markah]
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(iii) Remaja yang hebat merupakan aset bernilai yang bakal mewarisi tampuk
kepimpinan negara pada masa hadapan.
Pada pendapat anda, apakah peranan pihak kerajaan dalam melahirkan remaja
yang hebat di negara kita? [4 markah]
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Latihan 3
Baca petikan di bawah dengan teliti, kemudian buat satu rumusan tentang kepentingan
pengurusan kewangan dan halangan untuk melaksanakannya. Panjangnya rumusan
hendaklah tidak melebihi 120 patah kata.
Ketua Pegawai Eksekutif Agensi Kaunseling dan Pengurusan Kredit (AKPK)
menyebut bahawa sebanyak 1157 kes kebankrapan yang melibatkan golongan di bawah
umu 25 tahun telah direkodkan oleh Jabatan Insolvensi Malaysia. Faktor utama golongan
muda di negara kita muflis ialah ketidakcekapan menguruskan kewangan sendiri akibat
didorong oleh kegagalan perancangan kewangan yang baik dan kurangnya pendidikan
mengenai kedah berbelanja secara berhemat. Keadaan ini disebabkan oleh golongan
muda memiliki tahap pendidikan kewangan yang rendah sedangkan pengurusan kewangan
yang bijak membolehkan remaja merancang masa depan dengan lebih strategik.
Jawapan Rumusan:
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(ii) Pengarang ada menyatakan beberapa punca golongan muda diisytiharkan muflis.
Nyatakan punca-punca tersebut. [3 markah]
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(iii) Golongan remaja dikatakan mudah terjebak dengan pelbagai skim pelaburan
cepat kaya yang akhirnya merugikan mereka.
Pada pendapat anda, apakah usaha-usaha yang boleh dilakukan untuk
mengelakkan remaja terjebak dengan skim-skim pelaburan seperti ini?
[4 markah]
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Pembetulan / Catatan:
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Latihan 5
Baca petikan di bawah dengan teliti, kemudian buat satu rumusan tentang faedah-faedah
menceburi bidang keusahawanan dan cara-cara menarik minat masyarakat menjadi
usahawan. Panjangnya rumusan hendaklah tidak melebihi 120 patah perkataan.
Perkembangan mutakhir memperlihatkan tidak banyak orang yang teruja untuk
menceburi bidang keusahawanan secara serius. Mengikut anggaran kasar, hanya sepuluh
peratus individu yang berani menerjunkan diri dalam lapangan ini dan menguasai
sebahagian besar daripada kekayaan. Hal ini mudah dibuktikan kerana di sekeliling kita
pun secara purata daripada sepuluh orang, kemungkinan besar cuma seorang yang terlibat
sebagai usahawan sepenuh masa sekalipun rezeki usahawan lebih lumayan jika
dibandingkan dengan punca pendapatan yang lain seperti makan gaji dan seumpamanya.
Para usahawan yang menceburkan diri dalam bidang ini secara gigih dapat
menghasilkan produk yang dapat menjulang nama negara di persada dunia. Oleh sebab
itu, kita tidak ragu-ragu mengatakan bahawa bidang keusahawanan memberikan
sumbangan hebat dalam menjanakan pertumbuhan ekonomi negara. Para usahawan akan
berasa kecewa jika mereka gagal membawa barangan tempatan menembusi pasaran
antarabangsa disebabkan bidang keusahawanan ini menyediakan pelbagai ruang dan
peluang untuk meneroka sumber kekayaan. Bagi sesiapa yang terlibat sebagai usahawan
sememangnya tiada masa untuk bersenang-lenang dan menanti rezeki menjengah ke lutut,
sebaliknya mereka akan bekerja keras apatah lagi banyak rezeki yang berlegar dalam
bidang keusahawanan. Semua punca pendapatan itu tidak sepatutnya dibiarkan berlalu
begitu sahaja.
Orang ramai tidak perlu ragu-ragu untuk menceburkan diri dalam bidang
keusahawanan kerana bidang ini mampu mengubah status kehidupan mereka. Bagi
individu yang sudah terlibat dalam bidang ini pula, mereka tidak harus berasa bimbang jika
belum mengecap keuntungan yang menjadi impian selama ini. Yang penting, teruskan
usaha untuk memajukan perusahaan yang sudah dimulakan kerana semakin gigih mereka
berusaha, nikmatnya akan bertambah juga.
Jawapan Rumusan:
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(ii) Dalam petikan terdapat beberapa sebab bidang keusahawanan perlu diceburi
ketika usia muda.
Nyatakan sebab-sebab tersebut [3 markah]
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(iii) Golongan muda di negara kita kurang berminat menceburi bidang keusahawanan.
Pada pendapat anda, apakah peranan pihak sekolah dalam usaha memupuk minat
murid menceburi bidang keusahawanan? [4 markah]
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Latihan 7
Baca petikan di bawah dengan teliti, kemudian buat satu rumusan tentang peranan
sekolah memupuk budaya positif dan kepentingan budaya positif dalam kehidupan.
Panjangnya rumusan hendaklah tidak melebihi 120 patah perkataan.
Pada hari ini kecemerlangan pelajar bukan sekadar diukur daripada segi pencapaian
akademik yang cemerlang semata-mata bahkan turut mengambil kira kecemerlangan
sahsiah dan kokurikulum. Program transformasi pendidikan kini bergerak ke arah
landasan yang lebih tepat dan padu untuk mencapai matlamat ini. Pada asasnya, sekolah
ditubuhkan dengan tujuan untuk mendidik para pelajar dengan ilmu pengetahuan yang
berlandaskan pelbagai bidang. Selain itu, pembentukan keperibadian pelajar juga
merupakan salah satu inti pati penting dalam matlamat penubuhan sekolah di samping
menjadi pusat kecemerlangan pelajar.
Sebagai agen perubahan dalam masyarakat, sekolah dilihat sebagai lokasi tumpuan
untuk mengawal tingkah laku dan membentuk personaliti pelajar. Sekolah sebagai
institusi pendidikan yang ditubuhkan berperanan memenuhi keperluan anggota masyarakat
untuk menguasai ilmu pengetahuan dan kemahiran bagi perkembangan individu secara
holistik. Sekolah mempunyai fungsi tersendiri untuk melahirkan pelajar yang berkualiti
dan berketerampilan. Maka dalam konteks ini, sekolah dipertanggungjawabkan untuk
melaksanakan peranan sebagai institusi pembelajaran, sosial dan moral.
Peranan sekolah yang penting termasuklah mewujudkan suasana pembelajaran yang
kondusif dan harmoni untuk membangkitkan minat dan semangat pelajar agar terus belajar
dengan cara yang konsisten. Selain itu, sekolah merupakan wahana untuk merealisasikan
matlamat pendidikan negara yang berfokuskan pembentukan pelajar yang berilmu, berbudi
pekerti dan berpotensi. Sekolah turut dilihat sebagai institusi penting untuk melahirkan
pelajar yang memiliki pemikiran yang kreatif, kritis dan imaginatif.
Pihak sekolah berperanan sebagai mangkin dan agen perubahan sosial melalui
kemajuan dalam bidang pendidikan, sahsiah, disiplin, pergaulan dan interaksi sosial.
Perkembangan potensi pelajar bukan sahaja dinilai daripada segi intelek, malahan juga
meliputi aspek rohani dan emosi. Sekolah memainkan peranan mengekalkan corak
kehidupan dan kebudayaan yang dianggap baik. Contohnya perkara yang berkaitan
dengan moral seperti budi bahasa, sopan santun dan hormat-menghormati. Sekolah juga
mengajarkan kebudayaan kebangsaan seperti bendera negara, lagu kebangsaan dan bahasa
kebangsaan.
Kesimpulannya, Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia telah melaksanakan strategi
penerapan nilai-nilai murni secara komprehensif dan bersepadu dalam Pelan Pembangunan
Pendidikan Malaysia 2013 - 2025. Pelan yang menuntut semua pihak terus menggembleng
segala idea, tenaga dan sumbangan agar negara ini dapat melahirkan generasi muda yang
cemerlang bertunjangkan keperibadian yang utuh dan bertatasusila.
Jawapan Rumusan:
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Berdasarkan petikan di atas, jawab soalan-soalan yang berikut dengan menggunakan ayat
anda sendiri.
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(iii) Kerjasama antara pihak sekolah dengan ibu bapa amat penting untuk menjayakan
program kecemerlangan sahsiah dan kurikulum pelajar.
Jelaskan pendapat anda tentang cara-cara yang dapat dilakukan oleh pihak sekolah
untuk meningkatkan penglibatan ibu bapa dalam program-program tersebut.
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Latihan 9
Baca petikan di bawah dengan teliti, kemudian buat satu rumusan tentang kesan apabila
berlaku banjir dan peranan kerajaan untuk menghadapi bencana tersebut..
Panjangnya rumusan hendaklah tidak melebihi 120 patah perkataan.
Banjir yang berlaku di negara kita berpunca daripada fenomena semula jadi dan
kerakusan manusia memusnahkan persekitaran. Fenomena semula jadi berlaku kerana air
laut pasang besar dan taburan hujan yang turun dengan banyaknya. Tindakan manusia
memusnahkan alam sekitar pula akan menyebabkan berlakunya banjir kilat. Apabila
tiadanya kawasan tadahan hujan, sungai dan parit menjadi cetek atau tersumbat. Air
banjir bercampur lumpur di kawasan tanah tinggi bersatu dengan air longkang dan sampah
sarap di kawasan rendah akan mengundang pelbagai penyakit. Antara penyakit tersebut
termasuklah cirit-birit, konjunktivitis, penyakit kulit dan kuman parasit. Air banjir yang
tercemar ini juga akan mengakibatkan sistem badan terganggu apabila memasuki liang
rongga, mulut dubur dan lain-lain.
Golongan kanak-kanak sering mengambil kesempatan untuk bermain banjir dengan
riangnya tanpa diawasi oleh ibu bapa menyebabkan mereka terdedah kepada risiko
kecederaan kerana terkena benda tajam. Hal ini disebabkan oleh penglihatan yang tidak
jelas kerana air lumpur keruh dan kekuningan. Kanak-kanak yang riang bermain banjir
juga boleh dibawa arus deras dan kelemasan. Ibu bapa mestilah menasihati anak-anak
mereka supaya tidak terpengaruh oleh kawan-kawan untuk bermain banjir. Lebih penting
lagi, anak-anak perlu diberitahu tentang bahaya banjir. Selain itu, sampah sarap dari
kawasan rendah akan menjadi tempat tumpuan binatang berbisa yang amat berbahaya
seperti ular, kala jengking dan labah-labah.
Mangsa banjir akan ditempatkan di pusat-pusat pemindahan banjir yang akan terletak
di lokasi selamat. Biasanya masjid, sekolah dan balai raya akan dijadikan pusat
pemindahan banjir. Pusat-pusat pemindahan banjir ini perlu diuruskan dengan baiknya
daripada segi makanan, keselesaan tempat tinggal dan kemudahan asas yang lain. Hal ini
dikatakan demikian kerana banjir akan menyebabkan mangsanya menghadapi tekanan
emosi. Ketidakselesaan dan pengurusan yang lemah di pusat pemindahan banjir ini akan
menambahkan kemurungan mereka lagi. Gangguan emosi berlaku kerana banjir
menyebabkan harta benda mereka rosak. Contohnya, kenderaan, perabot dan perkakas
elektrik mereka rosak akibat ditenggelami banjir. Di samping itu, kes kecurian juga sering
berlaku ketika penghuninya berada di pusat pemindahan banjir.
Selepas banjir surut, kerajaan menanggung kos untuk membaik pulih infrastruktur
yang rosak. Kerajaan terpaksa membaiki jalan raya dan jambatan yang rosak agar tidak
menjejaskan aktiviti harian penduduk di kawasan yang ditenggelami banjir. Banjir yang
berlau saban waktu bukan sahaja akan mendatangkan kesan buruk kepada mangsa tetapi
juga kepada seluruh masyarakat dan kerajaan. Banjir perlu ditangani dengan sebaik-baik
mungkin supaya bencana ini tidak mendatangkan kesan buruk yang lebih besar.
Jawapan Rumusan:
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21 | Modul Rumusan Tingkatan 5
Tarikh: ....................................................
Berdasarkan petikan di atas, jawab soalan-soalan yang berikut dengan menggunakan ayat
anda sendiri.
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(iii) Mangsa banjir akan mengalami pelbagai kesusahan akibat bencana tersebut.
Apakah peranan anda untuk membantu mereka? [4 markah]
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22 | Modul Rumusan Tingkatan 5
Tarikh: ....................................................
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Latihan 11
Baca petikan di bawah dengan teliti, kemudian buat satu rumusan tentang kesan-kesan
trauma kepada emosi manusia dan sebab-sebab pesakit perlu mengatasinya.
Panjangnya rumusan hendaklah tidak melebihi 120 patah perkataan.
Trauma ialah pengalaman individu yang unik tentang sesuatu peristiwa atau keadaan
yang kekal, seperti keupayaan individu untuk mengintegrasikan pengalaman dan emosi,
atau terharu dengan sesuatu pengalaman, sama ada secara objektif atau subjektif. Trauma
juga ialah pengalaman yang luar biasa, seperti rangsangan yang kuat dan berbahaya.
Trauma meninggalkan kesan yang sangat menakutkan. Pesakit trauma mengalami
gangguan mental akibat ketegangan psikologi dan fisiologi serta kebanyakan pesakit sukar
tidur kerana insomnia yang serius. Dalam jangka masa panjang, pelbagai kesan lain akan
ditanggung oleh pesakit trauma.
Dari sudut yang lain pula, pesakit tidak dapat menumpukan perhatian terhadap semua
perkara yang dilakukan. Hal ini menyebabkan perkara yang dibincangkan akan terhakis
daripada fikiran mereka. Pada masa yang sama, individu yang mengalami trauma akan
mudah terkejut, cepat marah dan panik dalam semua situasi. Dalam situasi yang berbeza
pula, pesakit sering berasa sedih dan bersalah dalam tempoh beberapa hari. Selain itu,
ancaman trauma dalam kehidupan yang disebabkan oleh malapetaka, atau bencana alam
seperti banjir, tanah runtuh dan ribut taufan akan menyebabkan pesakit mengalami mimpi
yang buru, imbasan dan reaksi yang diperbesar. Keadaan menjadi lebih kronik apabila
ada pesakit yang menyuarakan keinginan untuk mati. Perkara ini telah menjejaskan
aktiviti normal seseorang. Dalam hal ini, terapi kognitif tingkah lak perlu dijalani oleh
pesakit, selain ubat antikemurungan, seperti Prozac dan Zalofi digunakan untuk membantu
pesakit.
Masyarakat juga perlu dididik agar tidak terlalu terbawa-bawa dengan masalah yang
dihadapi, sebaliknya mencari jalan penyelesaian supaya dapat keluar daripada kepompong
permasalahan yang membelenggu minda. Pesakit didedahkan kepada tanggapan, perasaan
dan keadaan yang mengingatkannya terhadap trauma yang dihadapi. Pesakit atau
individu yang mengalami trauma perlu mendapat rawatan rapi dan diubati bagi melegakan
simptom kemurungan dan keresahan sehingga mengganggu aktiviti normal seserang.
Tegasnya, pesakit perlu berkongsi masalah yang berkaitan dengan trauma bersama-sama
ahli keluarga supaya proses pemulihan dapat dipercepat.
Jawapan Rumusan:
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(ii) Pengarang ada menyatakan beberapa langkah untuk mengubati trauma dalam
kalangan pesakit.
Nyatakan langkah-langkah tersebut. [3 markah]
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(iii) Peranan pelbagai pihak amat penting dalam membantu pesakit yang mengalami
trauma.
Pada pendapat anda, apakah usaha-usaha yang perlu dilakukan untuk
membantu pesakit trauma? [4 markah]
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Pembetulan / Catatan
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Latihan 13
Baca petikan di bawah dengan teliti, kemudian buat satu rumusan tentang kebaikan
industri hiliran dan halangan-halangan kepada pengusaha industri untuk
mengembangkannya. Panjangnya rumusan hendaklah tidak melebihi 120 patah
perkataan.
Situasi ekonomi yang kurang memberangsangkan sejak kebelakangan ini
menyebabkan pelbagai jenis industri negara iaitu industri memproses, industri pembuatan,
industri perkhidmatan, industri berat serta industri kecil dan sederhana (IKS) mengalami
penguncupan pengeluaran. Hal ini diburukkan lagi dengan kejatuhan harga minyak petrol
dan kejatuhan nilai mata wang negara serta kekurangan keyakinan pelabur terhadap
Malaysia telah memburukkan lagi keadaan. Bagi menangani masalah-masalah yang
dihadapi oleh pihak industri, kerajaan telah melaksanakan pelbagai usaha termasuk
membantu pengusaha industri mengembangkan industri hiliran. Hal ini mampu dilakukan
kerana kepadatan sektor perkilangan dan pembuatan di Malaysia mendorong kepelbagaian
produk dapat dihasilkan daripada sisa-sisa produk huluan.
Industri hiliran mempunyai signifikan yang tersendiri jika dibangunkan di luar bandar
kerana dapat memberikan keuntungan kepada penduduk tempatan. Anak-anak muda
mendapat peluang pekerjaan alternatif dengan lebih mudah memandangkan kekangan
mendapatkan pekerja, rumah sewa, dan insentif kerja yang perlu diambil kira jika bekerja
di bandar. Malah amat merugikan jika anak-anak muda dari luar bandar menghabiskan
masa untuk mencari pekerjaan selama berbulan-bulan di bandar. Selain itu, industri
hiliran juga membantu syarikat mengurangkan hasil buangan dan seterusnya menjadi
sumber pendapatan tambahan kepada pengusaha industri jika diusahakan secara komersial
malah boleh dieksport ke luar negara. Ha ini kerana peningkatan industri hiliran telah
mencetuskan idea baharu dalam penghasilan produk industri daripada pelbagai sumber
seperti tumbuh-tumbuhan, ubat-ubatan dan makanan berasaskan buah-buahan. Malah
produk ini telah diuji melalui kajian penyelidikan dan pembangunan industri. Namun
proses penyelidikan dan pembangunan ini memerlukan dana yang sangat besar dan tidak
semua pengusaha industri mampu melakukannya secara bersendirian. Oleh sebab itu,
bantuan yang sewajarnya perlu diberikan kepada mereka agar kepelbagaian produk
berasaskan industri hiliran ini dapat dilaksanakan.
Sektor industri hiliran jika diusahakan secara baik mampu menjanakan peningkatan
harga komoditi iaitu getah, kelapa sawit dan koko. Pelbagai barangan daripada bahan
komoditi ini dapat dihasilkan seperti sarung tangan, sabun, dan bahan binaan jalan raya.
Industri hiliran sememangnya mengurangkan pembaziran sumber dengan
memaksimumkan penggunaan setiap bahan mentah. Bukan itu sahaja, ekosistem alam
dapat dipelihara dengan baik bagi mengekalkan keseimbangan alam semula jadi. Hal ini
menunjukkan bahawa industri hiliran perlu dikembangkan secara menyeluruh supaya
pembangunan dapat dinikmati bersama. Sekiranya berlaku ketidakseimbangan
perkembangan industri ini maka kemunduran ekonomi setempat akan membawa kerugian
kepada penduduk di sekitarnya seterusnya merencatkan pembangunan dan kesejahteraan
rakyat.
Dipetik dan diubah suai daripada
‘Industri Hiliran Mangkin Ekonomi Luar Bandar’
Dewan Masyarakat, Ogos 2017
Jawapan Rumusan:
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(iii) Proses penyelidikan dan pembangunan industri hiliran memerlukan dana yang
sangat besar dan tidak semua pengusaha industri mampu melakukannya secara
bersendirian.
Sekiranya anda pengusaha industri hiliran, selain penyelidikan dan
pembangunan (R&D), apakah tindakan-tindakan yang akan anda ambil untuk
memajukan syarikat anda? [4 markah]
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Pembetulan / Catatan
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Latihan 15
Baca petikan di bawah dengan teliti, kemudian buat satu rumusan tentang cara-cara
memupuk semangat patriotisme dan kepentingan memupuk semangat patriotisme.
Panjangnya rumusan hendaklah tidak melebihi 120 patah perkataan.
Patriotisme pada umumnya dikaitkan dengan semangat kecintaan dan pengorbanan
yang kuat untuk negara. Semangat cinta akan negara ini perlu disemai dan dipupuk dalam
kalangan remaja kerana semangat itu tidak hadir sendiri tapa memahami sejarah negara
secara jelas. Sejak akhir-akhir ini, semangat patriotisme dikatakan semakin menipis
dalam diri remaja kerana generasi pascamerdeka itu tidak pernah merasai jerih perih seperti
yang dialami pejuang kemerdekaan tanah air suatu ketika dahulu. Mereka juga berasa
selesa dengan kehidupan hari ini. Sehubungan dengan itu, semangat patriotisme mesti
disemai melalui sistem pendidikan khususnya dalam mata pelajaran Sejarah, bermula dari
peringkat sekolah rendah lagi. Pada masa yang sama, penerapan elemen sejarah melalui
mata pelajaran lain seperti Bahasa Melayu, Kajian Tempatan dan Kesusasteraan Melayu
turut dapat menyemai semangat tersebut.
Untuk membina semangat patriotisme dan rasa cinta remaja terhadap negara, pelbagai
aktiviti menarik boleh dilaksanakan melalui aktiviti kokurikulum di sekolah seperti
Persatuan Sejarah, Kelab Rukun Negara dan Kelab Setia. Di samping itu, kempen sayangi
negara hendaklah diadakan secara berterusan. Media elektronik seperti televisyen dan
radio perlu menyiarkan dokumentari tentang pejuang kemerdekaan dan menayangkan
filem-filem yang berkaitan dengan peristiwa bersejarah negara kita. Penyebaran
maklumat tentang peristiwa bersejarah melalui laman sosial perlu dilaksanakan dengan
harapan remaja dapat menggunakan kreativiti mereka dengan memuat naik peristiwa-
peristiwa sejarah secara interaktif supaya semangat patriotisme dapat diterapkan. Selain
itu, program sambutan bulan kemerdekaan perlu dijalankan untuk menyemarakkan
semangat patriotisme dalam kalangan remaja. Program-program seperti pertandingan
nyanyian lagu patriotik, pementasan teater dan drama yang bercorak kenegaraan boleh
dianjurkan oleh badan bukan kerajaan, pihak sekolah dan agensi-agensi kerajaan supaya
mesej semangat cinta akan negara sampai kepada golongan sasaran. Namun, program
tersebut kurang berjaya dalam mencapai matlamatnya kerana kurangnya penghayatan para
remaja dalam aktiviti bercorak kenegaraan tersebut.
Dalam memupuk semangat patriotisme, ibu bapa turut memainkan peranan penting
dengan menunjukkan teladan kepada anak-anak. Misalnya, ibu bapa bersama anak-anak
mengibarkan Jalur Gemilang atau melawat tempat-tempat bersejarah tanah air. Akan
tetapi, terdapat segelintir ibu bapa yang kurang berperanan dalam menerapkan semangat
patriotisme dalam jiwa anak-anak mereka menyebabkan hasrat memupuk semangat
patriotisme terjejas. Para remaja juga perlu dididik dan diterapkan konsep berpegang
pada prinsip Kesetiaan kepada Raja dan Negara yang terdapat dalam Rukun Negara.
Penerapan terhadap prinsip ini diharapkan dapat melahirkan remaja yang bersemangat
patriotisme dalam meniti arus globalisasi. Oleh itu, setiap rakyat negara ini perlu
mempunyai semangat patriotisme dalam mempertahankan maruah bangsa, agama dan
negara tercinta.
Jawapan Rumusan:
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Pembetulan / Catatan:
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Latihan 17
Baca petikan di bawah dengan teliti, kemudian buat satu rumusan tentang kelebihan-
kelebihan penerapan unsur Kemahiran Berfikir Aras Tinggi (KBAT) dan usaha-
usaha ibu bapa untuk menyokong pelaksanaan KBAT dalam pendidikan.
Panjangnya rumusan hendaklah tidak melebihi 120 patah perkataan.
Jawapan Rumusan:
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(ii) Pengarang menyatakan bahawa terdapat beberapa kaedah yang digunakan untuk
menerapkan unsur Kemahiran Berfikir Aras Tinggi (KBAT).
Nyatakan kaedah-kaedah tersebut. [3 markah]
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(iii) KBAT merupakan pelengkap pembentukan modal insan dalam sistem pendidikan
negara.
Pada pendapat anda, selain melahirkan generasi yang seimbang, apakah ciri-ciri
modal insan yang dapat dilahirkan apabila rakyat negara kira menguasai KBAT?
[4 markah]
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Pembetulan / Catatan:
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Latihan 19
Baca petikan di bawah dengan teliti, kemudian buat satu rumusan tentang faedah-faedah
pembelajaran Komponen Sastera (KOMSAS) dan cara-cara pihak sekolah menarik
minat murid mempelajari KOMSAS.. Panjangnya rumusan hendaklah tidak
melebihi 120 patah perkataan.
Jawapan Rumusan:
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41 | Modul Rumusan Tingkatan 5
Tarikh: ....................................................
Berdasarkan petikan di atas, jawab soalan-soalan yang berikut dengan menggunakan ayat
anda sendiri.
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(ii) Dalam petikan, pengarang menjelaskan bahawa pelbagai pertimbangan diambil kira
semasa memilih karya sastera untuk dijadikan teks KOMSAS.
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(iii) Negara kita masih memerlukan ramai penulis yang berminat untuk menghasilkan
karya sastera.
Pada pendapat anda, apakah langkah-langkah yang perlu dilakukan untuk mencapai
hasrat tersebut? [4 markah]
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Latihan 21
Baca petikan di bawah dengan teliti, kemudian buat satu rumusan tentang persediaan-
persediaan graduan sebelum memasuki alam pekerjaan dan usaha-usaha yang perlu
dilakukan untuk mengurangkan masalah pengangguran.. Panjangnya rumusan
hendaklah tidak melebihi 120 patah perkataan.
Jawapan Rumusan:
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45 | Modul Rumusan Tingkatan 5
Tarikh: ....................................................
Berdasarkan petikan di atas, jawab soalan-soalan yang berikut dengan menggunakan ayat
anda sendiri.
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(ii) Pengarang berpendapat bahawa graduan yang menguasai lebih daripada satu bahasa
mempunyai kelebihan berbanding graduan lain.
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(iii) Sungguhpun seseorang graduan itu belum mendapat kerja tetap, hal ini tidak
bermakna mereka hanya berpeluk tubuh atau tidak melakukan sesuatu aktiviti yang
berfaedah
Pada pendapat anda, apakah aktiviti-aktiviti yang boleh dilakukan oleh seseorang
graduan sebelum mendapat pekerjaan? [4 markah]
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