Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Multiple Integration
Multiple Integration
NAMAN GOYAL
August 5, 2021
Definition
Definition
If f is defined on a closed, bounded rectangular region R in the
xy-plane, then the double integral of f over R is defined by
ZZ N
X
f (x, y) dA = lim f (x∗k , yk∗ ) 4Ak
||P ||→0
R k=1
Note
Assume that all the given integrals exist on a rectangular
region R .
Volume interpretation
Rb
If g(x) ≥ 0 on the interval a g(x) dx can be RR
interpreted as area under
curve y= g(x) over[a,b]. the double integral f (x, y) dA has a similar
R
interpretetion in terms of volume.
*
Example 1
RR
Evaluate (2 − y) dA , where R is the rectangle in the xy-plane with
R
vertices (0,0)(3,0)(3,2)(0,2).
*
Solution
The solid is shown in above figure. The value of the double integral is
same as the volume of the solid bounded above by the plane z = 2 − y
and below by the rectangle R.Looking at its endwise it has a triangular
cross section of area T and has length (h=3). We use the formula V =
Th. The triangle has side and altitude each equals to 2, therefore
1
V = Th = (2)(2) (3) = 6
2
*
NAMAN GOYAL (ZHDC) M.A. August 5, 2021 10 / 18
Double Integration over Rectangular Regions Volume interpretation
*
Example 1
RR
Evaluate (2 − y) dA , where R is the rectangle in the xy-plane with
R
vertices (0,0)(3,0)(3,2)(0,2).
*
Solution
The solid is shown in above figure. The value of the double integral is
same as the volume of the solid bounded above by the plane z = 2 − y
and below by the rectangle R.Looking at its endwise it has a triangular
cross section of area T and has length (h=3). We use the formula V =
Th. The triangle has side and altitude each equals to 2, therefore
1
V = Th = (2)(2) (3) = 6
2
*
*
Iterarted Integration
Suppose f (x, y) is continuous over the rectangle R : a ≤ x ≤ b, c ≤ y
Rd
≤ d. Then we write G(x) = c f (x, y) dy ,which we further integrate
over the interval [a,b] to obtain the iterated integral. First integrate
with respect to y first,keeping x constant, and then integrate with
respect to x. *
Z b Z b Z d
G(x) dx = f (x, y) dy dx
a a c
*
NAMAN GOYAL (ZHDC) M.A. August 5, 2021 11 / 18
Double Integration over Rectangular Regions Fubini’s theorem over a Rectangular region
*
*
*
Example 2
RR 2 5
Evaluate x y dA, where R is the rectangle 1 ≤ x ≤ 2, 0 ≤ y ≤ 1,
R
using an iterated integral with
*a. y-integration first b. x-integration first
** *
* *
*
NAMAN GOYAL (ZHDC) M.A. August 5, 2021 13 / 18
Double Integration over Rectangular Regions Fubini’s theorem over a Rectangular region
*
Solution
(a.) The graph of surface f = x2 y 5 is shown in above figure and also
the rectangular region.
ZZ Z 2 Z 1
2 5 2 5
I= x y dA = x y dy dx
1 0
R
*
Solution
(a.) The graph of surface f = x2 y 5 is shown in above figure and also
the rectangular region.
ZZ Z 2 Z 1
2 5 2 5
I= x y dA = x y dy dx
1 0
R
Z 2 6
2y
I= x |10 dx
1 6
*
Solution
(a.) The graph of surface f = x2 y 5 is shown in above figure and also
the rectangular region.
ZZ Z 2 Z 1
2 5 2 5
I= x y dA = x y dy dx
1 0
R
Z 2 6
2y
I= x |10 dx
1 6
Z 2
1 0
I= x2 − dx
1 6 6
*
Solution
(a.) The graph of surface f = x2 y 5 is shown in above figure and also
the rectangular region.
ZZ Z 2 Z 1
2 5 2 5
I= x y dA = x y dy dx
1 0
R
Z 2 6
2y
I= x |10 dx
1 6
Z 2
1 0
I= x2 − dx
1 6 6
x3 2 8 1
I= |1 = −
18 18 18
*
Solution
(a.) The graph of surface f = x2 y 5 is shown in above figure and also
the rectangular region.
ZZ Z 2 Z 1
2 5 2 5
I= x y dA = x y dy dx
1 0
R
Z 2 6
2y
I= x |10 dx
1 6
Z 2
1 0
I= x2 − dx
1 6 6
x3 2 8 1
I= |1 = −
18 18 18
7
I=
NAMAN GOYAL (ZHDC) 18
M.A. August 5, 2021 14 / 18
Double Integration over Rectangular Regions Fubini’s theorem over a Rectangular region
*
*(b.) By reversing the order of integration i.e. x-integration first. *
ZZ Z 1 Z 2
I= x2 y 5 dA = x2 y 5 dx dy
0 1
R
*
*(b.) By reversing the order of integration i.e. x-integration first. *
ZZ Z 1 Z 2
I= x2 y 5 dA = x2 y 5 dx dy
0 1
R
* Z 1 3
5x
I= y |21 dy
0 3
*
*(b.) By reversing the order of integration i.e. x-integration first. *
ZZ Z 1 Z 2
I= x2 y 5 dA = x2 y 5 dx dy
0 1
R
* Z 1 3
5x
I= y |21 dy
0 3
Z 1
5 8 1
I= y − dy
0 3 3
*
*(b.) By reversing the order of integration i.e. x-integration first. *
ZZ Z 1 Z 2
I= x2 y 5 dA = x2 y 5 dx dy
0 1
R
* Z 1 3
5x
I= y |21 dy
0 3
Z 1
5 8 1
I= y − dy
0 3 3
7y 6 1 7 0
I= |0 = −
18 18 18
*
*(b.) By reversing the order of integration i.e. x-integration first. *
ZZ Z 1 Z 2
I= x2 y 5 dA = x2 y 5 dx dy
0 1
R
* Z 1 3
5x
I= y |21 dy
0 3
Z 1
5 8 1
I= y − dy
0 3 3
7y 6 1 7 0
I= |0 = −
18 18 18
7
I=
18
SoNAMAN
we get the same answer on changing
GOYAL (ZHDC) M.A.
the order of the integration 15 / 18
August 5, 2021
Double Integration over Nonrectangular Regions