Unit V: Double Integral: by DR - Vivek Verma

Unit V: Double Integral
By
Dr.Vivek Verma
Department of Statistics
Assam University Silchar
Double Integral
Double Integral
2 / 19
Double Integral Double Integral
Double Integral
Definition: Let f (x, y) be a function of 3D space with

domain as x-y-plane.Let R be any region in xy-plane.
Suppose we divided R region in small subregions.
Let δAi = δxi δyi be area of ith sub region.
The Double integral of f (x, y) over the region R is defined
as ZZ n
X
f (x, y)dx dy = lim f (xi , yi )δxi δyi
R n→∞
i=1
th
where (xi , yi ) is any point in the i region.
3 / 19
Double Integral
Figure 1.1: Double Integral
4 / 19
Double Integral
Figure 1.2: Double Integral
5 / 19
Double Integral
Remarks:
RR
1. Double integral R f (x, y)dx dy gives the volume under the
surface f (x, y) and over the region R
RR
2. If f (x, y) = 1 then R f (x, y)dx dy = Area of region R
6 / 19
Evaluate Double Integral

RR
1. xexy dx dy, R = [−1, 2]X[0, 1]
R
R2 y=1
R
Solution: xexy dx dy
x=−1 y=0
The y integration can be done with the quick substitution
u = xy, du = x dy;
at y = 0, u = 0 at y = 1, u = x
R2 u=x
R u R2
e du dx = (eu )|x0 dx
x=−1 u=0 −1
R2
= (ex − 1)dx = (ex − x)|2−1 = e2 − e−1 − 3
−1
7 / 19
Double Integral
If f (x, y) = g(x).h(y) and we are integrating over the

rectangle R = [a, b]X[c, d] then,
ZZ ZZ Zb Zd
f (x, y)dx dy = g(x).h(y)dx dy = g(x)dx h(y)dy
R R
a c
RR
Q2. Evaluate R
xey dx dy, R = [−1, 2]X[0, 1]?
8 / 19
Double Integrals over General Regions

Here the purpose is to obtain the double integrals over not
rectangular regions that may be
D = {(x, y)|a ≤ x ≤ b g1 (x) ≤ y ≤ g2 (x)}
ZZ Zb y=g
Z 2 (x)
f (x, y)dx dy = f (x, y)dx dy
D
x=a y=g1 (x)
D = {(x, y)| h1 (y) ≤ x ≤ h2 (y) , c ≤ y ≤ d}
ZZ Zd x=h
Z 2 (y)
D
y=c x=h1 (y)
9 / 19
Q3. Evaluate
RR x
D
e y dx dy, D = {(x, y)| 1 ≤ y ≤ 2 , y ≤ x ≤ y 3 }?
Q4. Evaluate
RR 3 y3
D
x e dx dy, D = {(x, y)| 0 ≤ x ≤ 3 , x2 ≤ y ≤ 9}?
Q5. Evaluate
RR √ √
D
x4 + 1dx dy, D = {(x, y)| 0 ≤ y ≤ 8 , 3 y ≤ x ≤ 2}?
10 / 19
Let region R is bounded by curve y = g1 (x), y = g2 (x) and

ordinates x = a, x = b then
ZZ Zb y=g
Z 2 (x)
R
x=a y=g1 (x)
Method of choosing limits:

1. Fix limits of x = x-axis and limits of y =Strip parallel to
y-axis
2. Fix limits of y = y-axis and limits of x =Strip parallel to
x-axis
11 / 19

Example 1: Let R : (x + y) = 2, x = 2, y = 0 find the
volume of the region bounded by f (x, y).
RR RR
Solution: Let I = R f (x, y)dx dy = R (x + y)dx dy

x| 0 2
y| 2 0
RR R y=?
x=? R
I= R
f (x, y)dx dy = (x + y)dx dy
x=? y=?
12 / 19
Method of choosing limits:

1. Fix limits of x = x-axis and limits of y =Strip parallel to
y-axis
2. Fix limits of y = y-axis and limits of x =Strip parallel to
x-axis
13 / 19

Method 1: Fix limits of x = x-axis and limits of y =Strip
parallel to y-axis
Figure 1.4: Graphical plot of x + y = 2 14 / 19


Method 2: Fix limits of y = y-axis and limits of x =Strip
parallel to x-axis
Figure 1.5: Graphical plot of x + y = 2 15 / 19


RR RR
Solution: Let I = R
f (x, y)dx dy = R
(x + y)dx dy
Based on Method 1:
ZZ Zx=2 y=2−x
Z
I= f (x, y)dx dy = (x + y)dx dy =?
R
x=0 y=0
Based on Method 2:
ZZ Zy=2 x=2−y
Z
I= f (x, y)dx dy = (x + y)dx dy =?
R
y=0 x=0
16 / 19
Q3. Evaluate
RR x
D
e y dx dy, D = {(x, y)| 1 ≤ y ≤ 2 , y ≤ x ≤ y 3 }?
Solution:
ZZ Z2 Zy3 Z2
x x x 3
e dx dy =
y e dx dy =
y ye y |yy dy
D
1 y 1
Z2
y2 1 1 y2 1 2 1 1
= (ye − ye )dy = e − y e |12 = e4 − 2e1
2 2 2
1
17 / 19

Q4. Evaluate
RR 3 y3
D
x e dx dy, D = {(x, y)| 0 ≤ x ≤ 3 , x2 ≤ y ≤ 9}?
Solution: Check the limits carefully: 0 ≤ x ≤ 3, x2 ≤ y ≤ 9
If we modify the limit such that
√
y = x2 ⇒ at x = 0, y = 0; at x = 3, y=9. And x = y
√
⇒ 0 ≤ y ≤ 9; 0 ≤ x ≤ y
√
ZZ Z9 Z y Z9 √
y3 y3 3 y
x3 e dx dy = x3 e dx dy = 1/4x4 ey |0 dy
D
y=0 x=0 y=0
18 / 19

Q5. Evaluate
RR √ √
D
x4 + 1dx dy, D = {(x, y)| 0 ≤ y ≤ 8 , 3 y ≤ x ≤ 2}?
Solution: Check the limits carefully: 0 ≤ y ≤ 8,
√3 y ≤ x ≤ 2
If we modify the limit such that

√
x = 3 y ⇒ at y = 0, x = 0; at y = 8, x = 2. And y = x3
⇒ 0 ≤ x ≤ 2; 0 ≤ y ≤ x3
ZZ √ Z2 Zx3 √
x4 + 1dx dy = x4 + 1dx dy
D
x=0 y=0
Z2 √
3
= y x4 + 1|x0 dx (1.1)
x=0 19 / 19
19 / 19

Unit V: Double Integral: by DR - Vivek Verma

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Unit V: Double Integral: by DR - Vivek Verma

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Unit V: Double Integral

Definition: Let f (x, y) be a function of 3D space with

Figure 1.1: Double Integral

Figure 1.2: Double Integral

Evaluate Double Integral

If f (x, y) = g(x).h(y) and we are integrating over the

Double Integrals over General Regions

D = {(x, y)| h1 (y) ≤ x ≤ h2 (y) , c ≤ y ≤ d}

Double Integrals over General Regions

Evaluate Double Integral

Let region R is bounded by curve y = g1 (x), y = g2 (x) and

Method of choosing limits:

Evaluate Double Integral

Evaluate Double Integral

Method of choosing limits:

Evaluate Double Integral

Figure 1.4: Graphical plot of x + y = 2 14 / 19

Evaluate Double Integral

Figure 1.5: Graphical plot of x + y = 2 15 / 19

Evaluate Double Integral

Double Integrals over General Regions

Double Integrals over General Regions

Double Integrals over General Regions

If we modify the limit such that

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