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Design and Fabrication of A Single-Phase 1KVA Transformer With Automatic Cooling System
Design and Fabrication of A Single-Phase 1KVA Transformer With Automatic Cooling System
© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 679
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 04 | Apr-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Agi = Ai/Ks
© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 680
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 04 | Apr-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
To minimize the iron losses of the yoke, area of yoke is fixed = current density in A/mm2
to be 2 times the core area:
L.C = Lamination coating =0.005mm2
Ay = (1.2)× Ai
Number of turns:
Yoke flux density =By = Øm/Ay
No. of secondary turns =N2 = V2 ×Te
Øm = Bm ×Ai
No. of primary turns =N1 = V1 ×Te
Yoke area (net) = yoke area (gross)×Ks
N1=Primary turns , N2=Secondary turns
Ks =stacking factor
Secondary winding :
For rectangular yoke section:
Secondary winding has been designed with same conductor
Yoke depth = Dy = a as with the primary winding.
Yoke height = Hy= yoke area (gross)/Dy Cross - section of secondary winding=a2=a1
Window Design: For windings, SWG 20 conductor has been used with
diameter =d
KVA of single phase shell type transformer is given as :
S = 2.22×f × Bm × Ai ×Aw ×Kw× ×10-3 3. BLOCK DIAGRAM
Overall Width of frame=W = [(2×ww) +(4×a)]cm The core is made of silicon steel which has little
hysteresis loss and high permeability. Further core is
Overall height of frame= H = [hw +(2×hy )]cm laminated in order to reduce eddy current. The simple
element of a Transformer consist of two coils having mutual
Window height =hy =a
inductance and a laminated steel core. The two coil are
© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 681
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 04 | Apr-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
insulated from each other and the steel core. The primary 6. CONCLUSION:
and secondary winding is not physically connected, but
magnetically linked to each other. The eddy current loss is Transformer is the most significant component of power
minimized by laminating the core, the laminations being system. A good design for efficiency increase is a challenge in
insulated from each other by dainty coat of core plate varnish the fabrication of a transformer. Lesser efficient transformers
or oxide layer on the surface. The silicon steel laminated to are poorly designed because the losses occurring in a
‘E’ and ‘I’ stamping due to the more number. The single phase transformer are more likely considered the design flow.
transformer have used in solo winding. Which are connected Transformers can be made maximum efficient if fabricated
to AC source is known as primary winding and other winding using the precise dimensions. The construction of this
is connected to load as soon as secondary winding. The 1000Watts (1KVA), 220Volts transformer at a 50Hz
primary winding is wound to centre limb to E stamping core frequency was a gradual process from gathering of materials
and these winding laminated by insulating coil .and the to testing of components. In this project, we came to
insulating paper also wound to primary winding an the conclusion that the use of transformer for short circuit and
secondary winding is wound to over the primary winding. open circuit test overall construction of transformer and
The primary winding and secondary winding is not winding regular. We learn process of troubleshooting of this
electrically connected but are magnetically connected and transformer. We get information and knowledge about
the flux is produce by core of transformer. connections of this transformer. This project is a low cost,
reliable, effective, protective and efficient. This project gives
4. METHODOLOGY us to learn about good things and lot of knowledge of
protection methods.
The transformer mechanism on principal is mutual
induction. A transformer is a static device, which is transfer 7. REFERENCES
electric power from one circuit to another circuit without any
variation in frequency. It can rise or lower the voltage in 1. Martin J. Heathcote. 1988. J and P Transformer book.
circuit but with a corresponding increase or decrease Oxford university press.
current. The circuit link by common magnetic flux in its
simplest form, it consists of two inductive coils which are 2. Say M.G. 2005. Performance and Design of AC
electrically separated but magnetically linked through a path Machines, CBS publishers India..
of low reluctance. The ac supply is connected to the primary
winding, an alternating flux is step up in laminated core, 3. P. Gill, “Electrical Power Equipment Maintenance
most of which is linked with the other oil in which it and Testing”, 2nd edition., CRC Press, Taylor &
produces mutually induced EMF If the second coil circuit is Francis Group. 2009.
close a current flow in intended so electric energy transfer
from the first coil into second coil. The first coil connected to 4. Stephen J. Chapman, “Electrical Machinary
electrical supply is known as primary winding and load are Fundamentals”, BAE SYSTEMS Austrailia.
connected to secondary winding. A transformers are often
used to step down voltages in the 115-120 V range and 5. Sawhney A.K. 2006. Electrical Machine Design,
voltages in the 230V range - for example, providing 115 V or Dhanapat Rai publishers, India.
120 V (with taps) from 230 V input, allowing equipment
designed for 115 or 120 V to be used with a 230 V supply 6. R.K. Agarwal, “Principles of Electrical Machine
Design”, S. K. Kataria & Sons, 2009.
5. RESULT AND DISCUSSION:
This section describes the results of our testing and shows
that tests are performed .This section discuss the result of
losses of transformer and protected against the heating of
transformer.
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