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Psychology
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Introduction
For framing a Constitution it is very important to understand the political system and scenario
of the particular country. The government has to take certain policies towards framing an
appropriate constitution so that the values and culture of the people is understood. The
officials who are going to write the constitution must also be able to understand the terms like
equality, justice, order and freedom so that they can incorporate them in the constitution
while keeping the economic, social and political condition of the country in mind. In this case
the terms mentioned above will be defined from the western perspectives so that it facilitates
the constitution makers to adopt and implement them successfully.

Justice
By justice one refers to the concepts which have deeper philosophical and moral ground. The
word ‘justice’ has its root in a Latin word ‘jus’. This word basically means something that is
right or law. Many political thinkers are of the view that justice is anything that is fair, just
and lawful. There is a significance of the word ‘fair’ while defining the term justice as it
refers to the distribution method which is equitable and fairly done. Therefore, justice
advocates for the changes or the corrections which are needed so that the inequitable or unfair
distribution is prevented. Justice is required in every aspect and field of work. For instance,
administration to legal proceedings, all need to be just and fair in practice. Justice can ensure
social welfare of a nation and its people. In the political society, justice is the ruling principle
which should govern and direct all activities (Jowett, 1885, 14). All the conflicts and the
disputes of various segments in the society can be resolved completely by the implementation
of justice in the society and in every existing system.

Equality
Equality is a very important concept which needs proper understanding before the framing of
the constitution. The term equality refers to the state in which everything and everyone is
treated to be equal. This is irrespective of their gender, sex, caste, creed, race, or any other
form of discrimination. In terms of rights, status in the society, access to opportunities, etc. all
the people in the nation must be taken as equal individuals. There are certain rights which are
given to the people in the society. In case of ability or opportunity to access these rights, the
people of the nation must not face any form of inequality. Every individual should get the
chance to utilise all these rights. The support of the government is very important so that the
people can use and access all the resources available (Hobbes, 2016, 13). The people must be
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permitted to be a part of the decision making process without any form of discrimination.
Each individual deserves to be valued and recognised at the equal global platform without
discriminating between them. Promoting equality means that everyone has same
opportunities and rights and one is not above the other. The facilities, advantages, etc. are all
equally given to all the people. The concept of subordinate and supervisor will come only
when it is wilfully accepted by both (Parry, 2013, 21).

Freedom
The idea of freedom must be incorporated in the constitution as it is the most important
feature which needs to be present in any political, social or economic system. Freedom
mainly allows the people in the nation to act freely. There are no constraints or hindrances on
the actions, moves, speech, thought, etc. of a person. The people have the power in their own
hands to act as they wish to. The people have the right to make their own decisions. A
particular thing can be considered to be free if it can be changed from one state to another
very easily. The people must be allowed to do as they wish to without violating the rights of
the other people and being unconstitutional. A place where the people do not have the
freedom to act and speak or think, those places are not expected to progress or grow over the
time (Machiavelli, Walker & Richardson, 1950, 19).

Order
By order one refers to the specific system under which there are some structures, rules,
regulations, values, customs and practices. The proper maintenance of the system and its
rules or laws helps in the sustenance of the order in the society. Order ensures no crime or
low crime in the society. This also maintains the peace and harmony among the people. The
disruption of this system or order is subject to strict penalties and punishments. All criminal
activities are committed to disrupt this order. The motion of the sun, moon and tides follow
an order and similarly the working and the living of the people in the society must also be in
order. Law prevents the break of the order or the system by any person. Maintenance of order
does not mean to interfere with the freedom of the people but to see that one lives without
creating problems for the existence of the others (Machiavelli, 1940, 12).

Conclusion
All the four terms: justice, equality, freedom and order are interrelated. These are the core
aspects which needs recognition and incorporation in the society so that the constitution is
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just and fair for the entire population of Egypt. Justice promotes equality. Equality is an input
to freedom. Freedom and its sincere utilisation can help the order in the society to prevail.
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References
Parry, G. (2013). John Locke. Abingdon, Oxfordshire: Routledge.

Hobbes, T. (2016). Thomas Hobbes: Leviathan (Longman Library of Primary Sources in

Philosophy). Abingdon, Oxfordshire: Routledge.

Machiavelli, N. (1940). The Prince and Discourses On the First Decade of Titus Livius. New
York, USA: The Modern Library.

Machiavelli, N., Walker, L. J., & Richardson, B. (1950). The Discourses of Niccolò

Machiavelli. London, UK: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

Jowett, B. (Ed.). (1885). The politics of Aristotle (Vol. 1). London, UK: Clarendon Press.