Catholic University

Name _Gisela Malan______________ Level ___________ Professor MA John Moscoso

I.Read the paragragh below and write TRUE or FALSE. IF IT IS FALSE, EXPLAIN
WHY?

Circulatory System

The circulatory system is an organ system that passes nutrients (such as amino acids, electrolytes
and lymph), gases, hormones, blood cells, etc. to and from cells in the body to help fight diseases,
stabilize body temperature and pH, and to maintain homeostasis.

This system may be seen strictly as a blood distribution network, but some consider the circulatory
system as composed of the cardiovascular system, which distributes blood,[1] and the lymphatic
system,[2] which returns excess filtered blood plasma from the interstitial fluid (between cells) as
lymph. While humans, as well as other vertebrates, have a closed cardiovascular system (meaning
that the blood never leaves the network of arteries, veins and capillaries), some invertebrate groups
have an open cardiovascular system. The most primitive animal phyla lack circulatory systems.
The lymphatic system, on the other hand, is an open system providing an accessory route for excess
interstitial fluid to get returned to the blood.[3]

Two types of fluids move through the circulatory system: blood and lymph. Lymph is essentially
recycled blood plasma after it has been filtered from the blood cells and returned to the lymphatic
system. The blood, heart, and blood vessels form the cardiovascular (from Latin words meaning
'heart'-'vessel') system. The lymph, lymph nodes, and lymph vessels form the lymphatic system.
The cardiovascular system and the lymphatic system collectively make up the circulatory system.

1.The circulatory system is an organ system that passes electricity FALSE

A// Because the circulatory system is an organ that passes nutrients.

2.The circulatory system help fight diseases and help stabilize body temperature FALSE

A// Because are the cell help fight diseases and stabilize body temperature

3.This system may be seen strictly as a mercury distribution network FALSE

A// Because it is through a network of blood not of mercury

4.The circulatory system as composed of the cardiovascular system, which distributes blood TRUE

5.The lymphatic system distributes lymph TRUE

6.Humans, as well as other vertebrates, have an open cardiovascular system FALSE

A// Because the vertebrates have a closed cardiovascular system

7.Some invertebrate groups have an extremely closed cardiovascular system FALSE

A// Because this group have an open cardiovascular system

8.The lymphatic system, on the other hand, is an open system TRUE

9.Two types of fluids move through the circulatory system: Hg and CO2 FALSE

A// Because the two types of fluids move through the circulatory system are blood and lymph

10.The blood, heart, and blood vessels form the cardiovascular TRUE

II.Read the paragragh below and answer the following questions.

The essential components of the human cardiovascular system are the heart, blood, and blood
vessels.[4] It includes: the pulmonary circulation, a "loop" through the lungs where blood is
oxygenated; and the systemic circulation, a "loop" through the rest of the body to provide
oxygenated blood. An average adult contains five to six quarts (roughly 4.7 to 5.7 liters) of blood,
accounting for approximately 7% of their total body weight[5] . Blood consists of plasma, red blood
cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Also, the digestive system works with the circulatory system
to provide the nutrients the system needs to keep the heart pumping.

Pulmonary circulation

The pulmonary circulatory system is the portion of the cardiovascular system in which oxygen-
depleted blood is pumped away from the heart, via the pulmonary artery, to the lungs and
returned, oxygenated, to the heart via the pulmonary vein.

Oxygen deprived blood from the vena cava, enters the right atrium of the heart and flows through
the tricuspid valve (right atrioventricular valve) into the right ventricle, from which it is then
pumped through the pulmonary semilunar valve into the pulmonary artery to the lungs. Gas
exchange occurs in the lungs, whereby CO2 is released from the blood, and oxygen is absorbed. The
pulmonary vein returns the now oxygen-rich blood to the heart.

Systemic circulation

Systemic circulation is the circulation of the blood of to all parts of the body except the lungs.
Systemic circulation is the portion of the cardiovascular system which transports oxygenated blood
away from the heart, to the rest of the body, and returns oxygen-depleted blood back to the heart.
Systemic circulation is, distance-wise, much longer than pulmonary circulation, transporting blood
to every part of the body.

1.What are the essential components of the human cardiovascular system? The heart, blood, and blood
vessels.

2.Where is blood oxygenated? Through the lungs

3.How many liters of blood does an average adult contain? An average adult contains five to six quarts
(roughly 4.7 to 5.7 liters) of blood

4.What does the digestive system provide? Provide the nutrients the system needs to keep the heart
pumping.
5.What is the pulmonary circulatory system’s function? It carries deoxygenated blood from the heart
to the lungs, and then returns oxygenated back to the heart.

6.Does Oxygen deprived blood from the vena cava? Yes, it does.

7.What happen in the lungs? Gas exchange occurs in the lungs, whereby CO2 is released from the
blood, and oxygen is absorbed.

8.Does the artery vein return the now oxygen-rich blood to the heart? No, it doesn´t

9.What is Systemic circulation’s function? Is which transports oxygenated blood away from the heart,
to the rest of the body

10.Is Systemic circulation distance-wise much shorter than pulmonary circulation? No, it isn´t. Is much
longer that pulmonary system.

III. Identify the right definition

Jugular vein Carotid artery Superior vena cava Pulmonary vein Pulmonary artery

Coronary arteries Hepatic portal vein Renal vein Renal artery Femoral artery

Abdominal aorta Iliac vein Iliac artery Femoral vein

Iliac artery A large vein that receives blood from the lower extremities, pelvis and abdomen and
delivers it to the right atrium of the heart.

Iliac artery - The continuation of the external iliac artery after it passes under the inguinal ligament.

Iliac Vein - A vein that is formed by union of the external and internal iliac veins at the brim of the
pelvis and passes upward to the right of the fifth lumbar vertebra where it unites with its fellow of the
opposite side to form the inferior vena cava.

Jugular vein - The jugular veins are in the neck and drain blood from the head, brain, face and neck and convey it
toward the heart.

Carotid artery - is a major artery in the neck, running from the aorta to the brain, that supplies the brain with
blood.

Superior vena cava - receives blood from the head and arms and chest and empties into the right atrium of the
heart; formed from the azygos and both brachiocephalic veins

Pulmonary vein - A vein that carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.

Pulmonary artery - An artery that carries venous blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs

Coronary arteries - The vessels that supply the heart muscle with blood rich in oxygen. They are called the
coronary arteries because they encircle the heart in the manner of a crown.

Hepatic portal vein - a large vein through which all venous blood from the gastrointestinal
system enters the inferior surface of the liver

Renal vein - Any of the veins that accompany the renal arteries and open at right angles into the vena
cava at the level of the second lumbar vertebra.
Renal artery - an artery originating from the abdominal aorta and supplying the kidneys and adrenal
glands and ureters

Abdominal aorta - the distal part of the descending aorta, below the diaphragm; it is continuous with
the thoracic aorta.

Femoral artery - is the major blood vessel that supply blood to the lower half of the body including the
pelvis, buttocks and the groin.

Femoral vein - The large vein in the groin that passes with the femoral artery under the inguinal
ligament to enter the abdomen, at which point it becomes the external iliac vein.

IV. Label the picture with the correct definition.

JUGULAR VEIN CAROTID ARTERY

SUPERIOR VENA CAVA ASCENDING AORTA

PULMONARY VEIN
PULMONARY ARTERY

HEART

HEPATIC VEIN BRACHIAL ARTERY

RENAL VEIN RENAL ARTERY

INFERIOR VENA CAVA

ABDOMINAL AORTA

ILIAC VEIN ILIAC ARTERIES

V.Self-test
1.What is the circulatory system?

 a.The body's breathing system

 b.The body's system of nerves

 c.The body's food-processing system

 d.The body's blood-transporting system

2.From what source do cells get their food?

 a.Blood

 b.Oxygen

 c.Other cells

 d.Carbon dioxide

3.Why is oxygen important to blood and to the cells?

a.Oxygen helps the blood to clot.

b.Oxygen brings food to the cells.

c.Oxygen is necessary for cell growth and energy.

d.Oxygen is not important -- carbon dioxide is the most

important substance to the body.

4.Which type of blood vessels carries blood away from the heart?

a.Veins

 b.Arteries
  c.Capillaries

 d.Arteries, veins and capillaries

5.Why is blood that flows from the lungs to the heart bright red rather than dark
red?

a.Oxygen makes it red.

b.Carbon dioxide makes it red.

c.Gastric juices produce the red colour of the blood.

d.The lungs add a pigment (dye) to blood as it flows

through them.

6.What part of the blood carries minerals, vitamins, sugar, and other foods to the
body's cells?

 a.Plasma

 b.Platelets

 c.Red corpuscles

 d.White corpuscles

7.What is the main job of the red corpuscles in the blood?

a.To clot blood

b.To fight disease

c.To transport oxygen to the body's cells

and carry away carbon dioxide from the cells

d.To transport carbon dioxide to the body's cells and

carry away oxygen from the cells

8.Which of the following can best be compared to soldiers?

 a.Lungs

 b.Capillaries
  c.Red blood cells

 d.White blood cells

9.Which element in the blood is round and colourless?

 a.Plasma

 b.Platelets

 c.Red blood cells

 d.White blood cells

10.What would happen to people who have an open wound and whose blood did
not clot naturally?

 a.They would bleed to death.

 b.Nothing. Clotting is not important.

c.They would have to take special clotting drugs.

 d.They would have to take regular doses of plasma.

11.What happens when a clot occurred in an undamaged blood vessel?

a.You would bleed to death.

b.A scab will form on the skin surface.

c.Platelets stick to the edges of the cut and to one another,

forming a plug.

d.The flow of blood to tissues beyond the clot may be cut off.

12.What happens to blood when it is pumped into the thin-walled blood vessels
of the lungs?
 a.Platelets are exchanged for plasma.

b.Carbon dioxide is replaced with oxygen.

c.Blood fills the lungs and causes coughing.

d.Nothing -- the lungs are just a place blood goes through

on its way back to the heart.

13.What is the function of the blood vessels and capillaries?

a.They pump blood to the heart.

b.They filter impurities from the blood.

c.They carry blood to all parts of the body.

d.They carry messages from the brain to the muscles.

14.Why does blood turn dark red as it circulates through the body?

a.It starts to clot.

b.It gets old and dirty flowing through the body.

c.The oxygen in it is replaced with carbon dioxide.

d.The farther blood is from the heart, the more dark red it is.

15.How many major types of blood have scientists discovered?

 a.One: Type "O"

 b.Two: white cells and red cells

 c.Three: white cells, red cells, and plasma

 d.Four: Types A, B, AB, and O

16.What is the organ that pumps blood all throughout the human body?

 a.The lungs

 b.The heart
  c.The kidneys

 d.The blood vessels and capillaries

17.How big is the heart?

 A. Large enough to fill the entire left side of the chest.

 B. About the size of a clenched fist.

 C. About the size of a golf ball.

18.The heart is divided into many chambers?

 A. Four - two atria and two ventricles.

 B. Five - three atria and two ventricles.

 C. Two - one atrium and one ventricle.

19.What is the sinus node?

 A. A special cluster of cells in the right atrium that controls the heart rate.

 B. A small chamber in the heart that collects diseased or damaged blood
cells for disposal.

 C. An acupressure point on the cheekbone that, when pressed, helps to

calm a rapid heart rate.

20.Arteries from the heart deliver blood around the body, but which arteries give
the heart its own blood supply?

 A. Radial and ulnar arteries.

 B. The renal arteries.

 C. The coronary arteries.

21.What are capillaries?

  A. The smallest blood vessels of the circulatory system.

 B. The medical name for heart muscle cells.

 C. Small lumps of fatty tissue that can clog blood vessels.

22.Which blood vessels have muscular walls that help to “massage” blood along
their lengths?

 A.Capillaries.

 B. Veins.

 C. Arteries.

23.Which blood vessels contain one-way valves to stop the blood from travelling
backwards?

 A. Capillaries.

 B. Veins. 

 C. Arteries.

24.What is blood pressure?

 A.The amount of pressure exerted on blood vessel walls as the blood is

pumped around.

 B.The ratio of oxygen to carbon dioxide within the blood.

 C.The concentration of red blood cells within the blood.