MG1 - L5 - C.6 - PDFed

PROBLEM 6.
Using the method of joints, determine the force in each

member of the truss shown. State whether each member is in
tension or compression.
SOLUTION
AD  52  122  13 ft
BCD  12 2  162  20 ft
Reactions: Fx  0: Dx  0
M E  0: Dy (21 ft)  (693 lb)(5 ft)  0 D y  165 lb
Fy  0: 165 lb  693 lb  E  0 E  528 lb
5 4
Joint D: Fx  0: FAD  FDC  0 (1)
13 5
12 3
Fy  0: FAD  FDC  165 lb  0 (2)
13 5
Solving Eqs. (1) and (2) simultaneously,

FAD  260 lb FAD  260 lb C 
FDC  125 lb FDC  125.0 lb T 
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.
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PROBLEM 6.7 (Continued)
Joint E:
5 4
Fx  0: FBE  FCE  0 (3)
13 5
12 3
Fy  0: FBE  FCE  528 lb  0 (4)
13 5
Solving Eqs. (3) and (4) simultaneously,

FBE  832 lb FBE  832 lb C 
FCE  400 lb FCE  400 lb T 
Joint C:
Force polygon is a parallelogram (see Fig. 6.11, p. 290).

FAC  400 lb T 
FBC  125.0 lb T 
5 4
Joint A: Fx  0: (260 lb)  (400 lb)  FAB  0
13 5
FAB  420 lb FAB  420 lb C 
12 3
Fy  0: (260 lb)  (400 lb)  0
13 5
0  0 (Checks)
PROBLEM 6.11
Determine the force in each member of the Gambrel roof

truss shown. State whether each member is in tension or
compression.
SOLUTION
Free body: Truss:
Fx  0: H x  0
Because of the symmetry of the truss and loading,

1
A  Hy  total load
2
A  H y  1200 lb
Free body: Joint A:

FAB FAC 900 lb
  FAB  1500 lb C 
5 4 3
FAC  1200 lb T 
Free body: Joint C:

BC is a zero-force member.
FBC  0 FCE  1200 lb T 
Free body: Joint B:
24 4 4
Fx  0: FBD  FBE  (1500 lb)  0
25 5 5
or 24 FBD  20 FBE  30, 000 lb (1)
7 3 3
Fy  0: FBD  FBE  (1500)  600  0
25 5 5
or 7 FBD  15 FBE  7,500 lb (2)
Multiply Eq. (1) by 3, Eq. (2) by 4, and add:
100 FBD  120, 000 lb FBD  1200 lb C 
Multiply Eq. (1) by 7, Eq. (2) by –24, and add:
500 FBE  30, 000 lb FBE  60.0 lb C 
Free body: Joint D:
24 24
Fx  0: (1200 lb)  FDF  0
25 25
FDF  1200 lb FDF  1200 lb C 
7 7
Fy  0: (1200 lb)  (1200 lb)  600 lb  FDE  0
25 25
FDE  72.0 lb FDE  72.0 lb T 
Because of the symmetry of the truss and loading, we deduce that
FEF  FBE FEF  60.0 lb C 
FEG  FCE FEG  1200 lb T 
FFG  FBC FFG  0 
FFH  FAB FFH  1500 lb C 
FGH  FAC FGH  1200 lb T 
PROBLEM 6.19
Determine the force in each member of the Pratt bridge

truss shown. State whether each member is in tension or
compression.
SOLUTION
Free body: Truss:

Fz  0: A x  0
M A  0 : H (36 ft)  (4 kips)(9 ft)

 (4 kips)(18 ft)  (4 kips)(27 ft)  0
H  6 kips
Fy  0: Ay  6 kips  12 kips  0 A y  6 kips
Free body: Joint A:

FAB FAC 6 kips
 
5 3 4
FAB  7.50 kips C 
FAC  4.50 kips T 
Free body: Joint C:

Fx  0: FCE  4.50 kips T 
Fy  0: FBC  4.00 kips T 
Free body: Joint B:

4 4
Fy  0:  FBE  (7.50 kips)  4.00 kips  0 
5 5
FBE  2.50 kips T 
8 3
Fx  0: (7.50 kips)  (2.50 kips)  FBD  0 
5 5
FBD  6.00 kips FBD  6.00 kips C 
Free body: Joint D:

We note that DE is a zero-force member: FDE  0 
Also, FDF  6.00 kips C 
From symmetry:
FFE  FBE FEF  2.50 kips T 
FEG  FCE FEG  4.50 kips T 
FFG  FBC FFG  4.00 kips T 
FFH  FAB FFH  7.50 kips C 
FGH  FAC FGH  4.50 kips T 
PROBLEM 6.20
Solve Problem 6.19 assuming that the load applied at G has

been removed.
PROBLEM 6.19 Determine the force in each member of

the Pratt bridge truss shown. State whether each member is
in tension or compression.
SOLUTION
Free body: Truss:

Fx  0: A x  0
M A  0: H (36 ft)  (4 kips)(9 ft)  (4 kips)(18 ft)  0
H  3.00 kips
Fy  0: A y  5.00 kips
We note that DE and FG are zero-force members.
Therefore, FDE  0, FFG  0 
Also, FBD  FDF (1)
and FEG  FGH (2)
Free body: Joint A:

FAB FAC 5 kips
 
5 3 4
FAB  6.25 kips C 
FAC  3.75 kips T 

Free body: Joint C:

Fx  0: FCE  3.75 kips T 
Fy  0: FBC  4.00 kips T 
Free body: Joint B:

4 4
Fx  0: (6.25 kips)  4.00 kips  FBE  0
5 5
FBE  1.250 kips T 
3 3
Fx  0: FBD  (6.25 kips)  (1.250 kips)  0 
5 5
FBD  4.50 kips FBD  4.50 kips C 
Free body: Joint F:

We recall that FFG  0, and from Eq. (1) that
FDF  FBD FDF  4.50 kips C 
FEF FFH 4.50 kips

 
5 5 6
FEF  3.75 kips T 
FFH  3.75 kips C 
Free body: Joint H:
FGH 3.00 kips


3 4
FGH  2.25 kips T 
Also,
FFH 3.00 kips

5 4
FFH  3.75 kips C (checks)
From Eq. (2):

FEG  FGH FEG  2.25 kips T 
PROBLEM 6.24
The portion of truss shown represents the upper

part of a power transmission line tower. For the
given loading, determine the force in each of the
members located above HJ. State whether each
member is in tension or compression.
SOLUTION Free body: Joint A:

FAB F 1.2 kN
 AC  FAB  2.29 kN T 
2.29 2.29 1.2
FAC  2.29 kN C 
Free body: Joint F:

FDF F 1.2 kN
 EF  FDF  2.29 kN T 
2.29 2.29 2.1
FEF  2.29 kN C 
Free body: Joint D:

FBD FDE 2.29 kN
  FBD  2.21 kN T 
2.21 0.6 2.29
FDE  0.600 kN C 
Free body: Joint B:

4 2.21
Fx  0: FBE  2.21 kN  (2.29 kN)  0
5 2.29
FBE  0 
3 0.6
Fy  0:  FBC  (0)  (2.29 kN)  0
5 2.29
FBC   0.600 kN FBC  0.600 kN C 
Free body: Joint C:

2.21
Fx  0: FCE  (2.29 kN)  0
2.29
FCE   2.21 kN FCE  2.21 kN C 
0.6
Fy  0:  FCH  0.600 kN  (2.29 kN)  0
2.29
FCH  1.200 kN FCH  1.200 kN C 
Free body: Joint E:

2.21 4
Fx  0: 2.21 kN  (2.29 kN)  FEH  0
2.29 5
FEH  0 
0.6
Fy  0:  FEJ  0.600 kN  (2.29 kN)  0  0
2.29
FEJ   1.200 kN FEJ  1.200 kN C 
PROBLEM 6.29
Determine whether the trusses of Problems 6.31a,

6.32a, and 6.33a are simple trusses.
SOLUTION
Truss of Problem 6.31a:
Starting with triangle HDI and adding two members at a time, we
obtain successively joints A, E, J, and B, but cannot go further. Thus,
this truss
is not a simple truss. 

Starting with triangle ABC and adding two members at a time, we obtain
joints D, E, G, F, and H, but cannot go further. Thus, this truss
is not a simple truss. 

Starting with triangle ABD and adding two members at a time, we
obtain successively joints H, G, F, E, I, C, and J, thus completing the
truss.
Therefore, this is a simple truss. 
PROBLEM 6.31
For the given loading, determine the zero-force members in

each of the two trusses shown.
SOLUTION
Truss (a): FB: Joint B: FBC  0
FB: Joint C: FCD  0
FB: Joint J : FIJ  0
FB: Joint I : FIL  0

(a)
FB: Joint N : FMN  0
FB: Joint M : FLM  0
The zero-force members, therefore, are BC, CD, IJ , IL, LM , MN 

Truss (b): FB: Joint C: FBC  0
FB: Joint B: FBE  0
FB: Joint G: FFG  0
FB: Joint F : FEF  0
FB: Joint E: FDE  0
FB: Joint I : FIJ  0 (b)
FB: Joint M : FMN  0
FB: Joint N : FKN  0
The zero-force members, therefore, are BC, BE, DE, EF , FG, IJ , KN , MN 
PROBLEM 6.43
A Mansard roof truss is loaded as shown. Determine the force in

members DF, DG, and EG.
SOLUTION
Reactions:
1
Because of the symmetry of the truss and loadings, Ax  0, Ay  L  (1.2 kN)  5   3 kN
2
We pass a section through DF, DG, and EG and use the free body shown:
Member DF:
M G  0: (1.2 kN)  8 m   1.2 kN  4 m 

  3 kN 10.25 m   FDF (3 m)  0
FDF  5.45 kN FDF  5.45 kN C 
Member DG:
3
Fy  0: 3 kN  1.2 kN  1.2 kN    FDG  0
5
FDG  1.000 kN FDG  1.000 kN T 
Member EG:
M D  0: 1.2 kN  4 m   FEG (3 m)  (3 kN)(6.25 m)  0
FEG  4.65 kN T 
PROBLEM 6.65
The diagonal members in the center

panels of the power transmission line
tower shown are very slender and can act
only in tension; such members are known
as counters. For the given loading,
determine (a) which of the two counters
listed below is acting, (b) the force in
that counter.
Counters CJ and HE
SOLUTION
Free body: Portion ABDFEC of tower.

We assume that counter CJ is acting and show the forces exerted by that counter and by members CH and
EJ.
4
Fx  0: FCJ  2(1.2 kN)sin 20  0 FCJ  1.026 kN
5
Since CJ is found to be in tension, our assumption was correct. Thus, the answers are
(a) CJ 
(b) 1.026 kN T 
PROBLEM 6.69
Classify each of the structures shown as completely, partially, or improperly constrained; if completely
constrained, further classify as determinate or indeterminate. (All members can act both in tension and in
compression.)
SOLUTION
Structure (a)
Number of members:
m  16
Number of joints:
n  10
Reaction components:
r4
(a)
m  r  20, 2n  20
Thus, m  r  2n 
To determine whether the structure is actually completely constrained and determinate, we must try to
find the reactions at the supports. We divide the structure into two simple trusses and draw the free-body
diagram of each truss.
This is a properly supported simple truss – O.K. This is an improperly supported simple
truss. (Reaction at C passes through B. Thus,
Eq. M B  0 cannot be satisfied.)
Structure is improperly constrained. 
Structure (b)
m  16
n  10
r4
(b)
m  r  20, 2n  20
Thus, m  r  2n 
We must again try to find the reactions at the supports dividing the structure as shown.
Both portions are simply supported simple trusses.

Structure is completely constrained and determinate. 
Structure (c)
m  17
n  10
r4
m  r  21, 2n  20 (c)
Thus, m  r  2n 
This is a simple truss with an extra support which causes reactions (and forces in members) to be
indeterminate.
Structure is completely constrained and indeterminate. 
PROBLEM 6.76
Determine the force in member BD and the components

of the reaction at C.
SOLUTION
We note that BD is a two-force member. The force it exerts on ABC, therefore, is directed along line BD.
Free body: ABC:
BD  (24) 2  (10) 2  26 in.
 10 
M C  0: (160 lb)(30 in.)   FBD  (16 in.)  0
 26 
FBD  780 lb FBD  780 lb T 
24
M x  0: C x  (780 lb)  0
26
C x  720 lb C x  720 lb 
10
Fy  0: C y  160 lb  (780 lb)  0
26
C y  140.0 lb C y  140.0 lb 
PROBLEM 6.90
(a) Show that when a frame supports a pulley at A, an equivalent loading of the frame and of each of its
component parts can be obtained by removing the pulley and applying at A two forces equal and parallel
to the forces that the cable exerted on the pulley. (b) Show that if one end of the cable is attached to the
frame at a Point B, a force of magnitude equal to the tension in the cable should also be applied at B.
SOLUTION
First note that, when a cable or cord passes over a frictionless, motionless pulley,
the tension is unchanged.
M C  0: rT1  rT2  0 T1  T2
(a) Replace each force with an equivalent force-couple.
(b) Cut the cable and replace the forces on pulley with equivalent pair of forces at A as above.
PROBLEM 6.107
The axis of the three-hinge arch ABC is a

parabola with the vertex at B. Knowing that
P  112 kN and Q  140 kN, determine (a) the
components of the reaction at A, (b) the
components of the force exerted at B on
segment AB.
SOLUTION
Free body: Segment AB:

M A  0: Bx (3.2 m)  B y (8 m)  P (5 m)  0 (1)
0.75 (Eq. 1): Bx (2.4 m)  B y (6 m)  P (3.75 m)  0 (2)
Free body: Segment BC:

M C  0: Bx (1.8 m)  B y (6 m)  Q (3 m)  0 (3)
Add Eqs. (2) and (3): 4.2 Bx  3.75 P  3Q  0
Bx  (3.75 P  3Q )/4.2 (4)

3.2
From Eq. (1): (3.75 P  3Q )  8B y  5 P  0
4.2
B y  ( 9P  9.6Q )/33.6 (5)
given that P  112 kN and Q  140 kN.

(a) Reaction at A.
Considering again AB as a free body,
Fx  0: Ax  Bx  0; Ax  Bx  200 kN A x  200 kN 
Fy  0: Ay  P  B y  0
Ay  112 kN  10 kN  0
Ay   122 kN A y  122.0 kN 
(b) Force exerted at B on AB.

From Eq. (4): Bx  (3.75  112  3  140)/4.2  200 kN
B x  200 kN 
From Eq. (5): By  ( 9  112  9.6  140)/33.6   10 kN
B y  10.00 kN 
PROBLEM 6.128
The press shown is used to emboss a small seal at E.

Knowing that the vertical component of the force exerted on
the seal must be 900 N, determine (a) the required vertical
force P, (b) the corresponding reaction at A.
SOLUTION
FBD Stamp D:
Fy  0: 900 N  FBD cos 20  0, FBD  957.76 N C
(a)
FBD ABC:
M A  0: [(0.2 m)(sin 30)](957.76 N)cos 20  [(0.2 m)(cos30)](957.76 N)sin 20

 [(0.2 m)sin 30  (0.4 m) cos15]P  0
P  301.70 N, P  302 N 
(b) Fx  0: Ax  (957.76 N)sin 20  0
A x  327.57 N
Fy  0:  Ay  (957.76 N) cos 20  301.70 N  0
A y  598.30 N
A  682 N 61.3° 
PROBLEM 6.142
A log weighing 800 lb is lifted by a pair of tongs as shown.

Determine the forces exerted at E and F on tong DEF.
SOLUTION
FBD AB: By symmetry: Ay  B y  400 lb
and Ax  Bx
6
 (400 lb)
5
 480 lb
Note: D  B
so Dx  480 lb
FBD DEF: D y  400 lb
M F  (10.5 in.)(400 lb)  (15.5 in.)(480 lb)  (12 in.) Ex  0
Ex  970 lb E  970 lb 
Fx  0:  480 lb  970 lb  Fx  0

Fx  490 lb
Fy  0: 400 lb  Fy  0
Fy  400 lb
F  633 lb 39.2 
PROBLEM 6.174
A couple M of magnitude 1.5 kN  m is applied to the crank of the engine system shown. For each of the
two positions shown, determine the force P required to hold the system in equilibrium.
SOLUTION
(a) FBDs:
Dimensions in mm
50 mm
Note: tan  
175 mm
2

7
FBD whole: M A  0: (0.250 m)C y  1.5 kN  m  0 C y  6.00 kN
Cy 6.00 kN
FBD piston: Fy  0: C y  FBC sin   0 FBC  
sin  sin
Fx  0: FBC cos  P  0
6.00 kN
P  FBC cos    7 kips
tan 
P  21.0 kN 
(b) FBDs:
Dimensions in mm
2
Note: tan   as above
7
FBD whole: M A  0: (0.100 m)C y  1.5 kN  m  0 C y  15 kN
Cy
Fy  0: C y  FBC sin   0 FBC 
sin 
Fx  0: FBC cos  P  0
Cy 15 kN
P  FBC cos    P  52.5 kN 
tan  2/7
PROBLEM 6.175
The compound-lever pruning shears shown can be

adjusted by placing pin A at various ratchet positions on
blade ACE. Knowing that 300-lb vertical forces are
required to complete the pruning of a small branch,
determine the magnitude P of the forces that must be
applied to the handles when the shears are adjusted as
shown.
SOLUTION
We note that AB is a two-force member.

( FAB ) x ( FAB ) y

0.65 in. 0.55 in.
11
( FAB ) y  ( FAB ) x (1)
13
Free body: Blade ACE:
M C  0: (300 lb)(1.6 in.)  ( FAB ) x (0.5 in.)  ( FAB ) y (1.4 in.)  0
11
Use Eq. (1): ( FAB ) x (0.5 in.)  ( FAB ) x (1.4 in.)  480 lb  in.
13
1.6846( FAB ) x  480 ( FAB ) x  284.9 lb
11
( FAB ) y  (284.9 lb) ( FAB ) y  241.1 lb
13
Free body: Lower handle:
M D  0: (241.1 lb)(0.75 in.)  (284.9 lb)(0.25 in.)  P(3.5 in.)  0

P  31.3 lb 

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PROBLEM 6.

Using the method of joints, determine the force in each

M E  0: Dy (21 ft)  (693 lb)(5 ft)  0 D y  165 lb

Fy  0: 165 lb  693 lb  E  0 E  528 lb

Solving Eqs. (1) and (2) simultaneously,

FDC  125 lb FDC  125.0 lb T 

Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.

Solving Eqs. (3) and (4) simultaneously,

FCE  400 lb FCE  400 lb T 

Force polygon is a parallelogram (see Fig. 6.11, p. 290).

Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.

Determine the force in each member of the Gambrel roof

Free body: Truss:

Because of the symmetry of the truss and loading,

Free body: Joint A:

Free body: Joint C:

Free body: Joint B:

or 24 FBD  20 FBE  30, 000 lb (1)

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Multiply Eq. (1) by 3, Eq. (2) by 4, and add:

100 FBD  120, 000 lb FBD  1200 lb C 

Multiply Eq. (1) by 7, Eq. (2) by –24, and add:

500 FBE  30, 000 lb FBE  60.0 lb C 

Free body: Joint D:

FDF  1200 lb FDF  1200 lb C 

FDE  72.0 lb FDE  72.0 lb T 

Because of the symmetry of the truss and loading, we deduce that

FEF  FBE FEF  60.0 lb C 

FEG  FCE FEG  1200 lb T 

FFG  FBC FFG  0 

FFH  FAB FFH  1500 lb C 

FGH  FAC FGH  1200 lb T 

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Determine the force in each member of the Pratt bridge

Free body: Truss:

M A  0 : H (36 ft)  (4 kips)(9 ft)

Fy  0: Ay  6 kips  12 kips  0 A y  6 kips

Free body: Joint A:

FAC  4.50 kips T 

Free body: Joint C:

Fy  0: FBC  4.00 kips T 

Free body: Joint B:

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Free body: Joint D:

Also, FDF  6.00 kips C 

FEG  FCE FEG  4.50 kips T 

FFG  FBC FFG  4.00 kips T 

FFH  FAB FFH  7.50 kips C 

FGH  FAC FGH  4.50 kips T 

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Solve Problem 6.19 assuming that the load applied at G has

PROBLEM 6.19 Determine the force in each member of

Free body: Truss:

Free body: Joint A:

Free body: Joint C:

Free body: Joint B:

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Free body: Joint F:

FDF  FBD FDF  4.50 kips C 

FEF FFH 4.50 kips

FFH  3.75 kips C 

Free body: Joint H:

FGH 3.00 kips

From Eq. (2):