Name: Jo Ann D.

Arranguez
Course, Year and Section: BSIE 2-E
Advance Mathematics
Problem Set #6: BISECTION METHOD

EXERCISE 1. Solve the following problems using bisection method and show the graph of a
function (via Excel Microsoft). Use separate sheet for the solution.

***Conditions applied to all items:

 Let
 If ( ) ( )
 If ( ) ( )

1.
a. Show that equation has a root between x=0 and x=1
Answer: ( ) and ( ) . As signs are different there must be a root between x=0
and x=1.

b. Use the bisection method to find this root to 2 decimal places.

Iteration xl xr xu f(xl) f(xr) f(xu) f(xl)*f(xu) ERROR
0 0 1 0.5 -2 2 -0.375 0.75 0.5
1 0.5 1 0.75 -0.375 2 0.671875 -0.25195313 0.25
2 0.5 0.75 0.625 -0.375 0.671875 0.119141 -0.04467773 0.125
3 0.5 0.625 0.5625 -0.375 0.119141 -0.13452 0.050445557 0.0625
4 0.5625 0.625 0.59375 -0.13452 0.119141 -0.00943 0.001268528 0.03125
5 0.59375 0.625 0.609375 -0.00943 0.119141 0.054409 -0.00051307 0.015625
6 0.59375 0.609375 0.601563 -0.00943 0.054409 0.022379 -0.00021104 0.007813
7 0.59375 0.601563 0.597656 -0.00943 0.022379 0.006447 -6.0798E-05 0.003906
8 0.59375 0.597656 0.595703 -0.00943 0.006447 -0.0015 1.41269E-05 0.001953
9 0.595703 0.597656 0.59668 -0.0015 0.006447 0.002473 -3.7047E-06 0.000977
10 0.595703 0.59668 0.596191 -0.0015 0.002473 0.000487 -7.2956E-07 0.000488
11 0.595703 0.596191 0.595947 -0.0015 0.000487 -0.00051 7.57525E-07 0.000244
12 0.595947 0.596191 0.596069 -0.00051 0.000487 -9.4E-06 4.73291E-09 0.000122
13 0.596069 0.596191 0.59613 -9.4E-06 0.000487 0.000239 -2.2352E-09 6.1E-05
14 0.596069 0.59613 0.5961 -9.4E-06 0.000239 0.000115 -1.0738E-09 3.05E-05
15 0.596069 0.5961 0.596085 -9.4E-06 0.000115 5.27E-05 -4.9309E-10 1.53E-05
16 0.596069 0.596085 0.596077 -9.4E-06 5.27E-05 2.17E-05 -2.0274E-10 7.63E-06
17 0.596069 0.596077 0.596073 -9.4E-06 2.17E-05 6.15E-06 -5.7566E-11 3.81E-06
18 0.596069 0.596073 0.596071 -9.4E-06 6.15E-06 -1.6E-06 1.50208E-11 1.91E-06
 19 0.596071 0.596073 0.596072 -1.6E-06 6.15E-06 2.27E-06 -3.6473E-12 9.54E-07
20 0.596071 0.596072 0.596072 -1.6E-06 2.27E-06 3.34E-07 -5.3596E-13 4.77E-07
21 0.596071 0.596072 0.596071 -1.6E-06 3.34E-07 -6.4E-07 1.01971E-12 2.38E-07
22 0.596071 0.596072 0.596072 -6.4E-07 3.34E-07 -1.5E-07 9.57698E-14 1.19E-07
23 0.596072 0.596072 0.596072 -1.5E-07 3.34E-07 9.16E-08 -1.381E-14 5.96E-08
24 0.596072 0.596072 0.596072 -1.5E-07 9.16E-08 -3E-08 4.45332E-15 2.98E-08
25 0.596072 0.596072 0.596072 -3E-08 9.16E-08 3.1E-08 -9.1713E-16 1.49E-08
26 0.596072 0.596072 0.596072 -3E-08 3.1E-08 7.46E-10 -2.2055E-17 7.45E-09
27 0.596072 0.596072 0.596072 -3E-08 7.46E-10 -1.4E-08 4.25483E-16 3.73E-09
28 0.596072 0.596072 0.596072 -1.4E-08 7.46E-10 -6.8E-09 9.83091E-17 1.86E-09
29 0.596072 0.596072 0.596072 -6.8E-09 7.46E-10 -3E-09 2.07554E-17 9.31E-10
30 0.596072 0.596072 0.596072 -3E-09 7.46E-10 -1.1E-09 3.48686E-18 4.66E-10
31 0.596072 0.596072 0.596072 -1.1E-09 7.46E-10 -2E-10 2.29652E-19 2.33E-10
32 0.596072 0.596072 0.596072 -2E-10 7.46E-10 2.73E-10 -5.4684E-20 1.16E-10
33 0.596072 0.596072 0.596072 -2E-10 2.73E-10 3.64E-11 -7.2947E-21 5.82E-11
34 0.596072 0.596072 0.596072 -2E-10 3.64E-11 -8.2E-11 1.64E-20 2.91E-11
35 0.596072 0.596072 0.596072 -8.2E-11 3.64E-11 -2.3E-11 1.86219E-21 1.46E-11
36 0.596072 0.596072 0.596072 -2.3E-11 3.64E-11 6.85E-12 -1.5568E-22 7.28E-12
37 0.596072 0.596072 0.596072 -2.3E-11 6.85E-12 -7.9E-12 1.80636E-22 3.64E-12
38 0.596072 0.596072 0.596072 -7.9E-12 6.85E-12 -5.5E-13 4.36083E-24 1.82E-12
39 0.596072 0.596072 0.596072 -5.5E-13 6.85E-12 3.15E-12 -1.7285E-24 9.09E-13
40 0.596072 0.596072 0.596072 -5.5E-13 3.15E-12 1.3E-12 -7.1348E-25 4.55E-13
41 0.596072 0.596072 0.596072 -5.5E-13 1.3E-12 3.76E-13 -2.0622E-25 2.27E-13
42 0.596072 0.596072 0.596072 -5.5E-13 3.76E-13 -8.7E-14 4.75328E-26 1.14E-13
43 0.596072 0.596072 0.596072 -8.7E-14 3.76E-13 1.44E-13 -1.2499E-26 5.68E-14
44 0.596072 0.596072 0.596072 -8.7E-14 1.44E-13 2.89E-14 -2.4997E-27 2.84E-14
45 0.596072 0.596072 0.596072 -8.7E-14 2.89E-14 -2.9E-14 2.4997E-27 1.42E-14
46 0.596072 0.596072 0.596072 -2.9E-14 2.89E-14 0 0 7.11E-15
Answer:
With 46th iteration, ( ) ( ) thus the root is equal to the midpoint which is
0.60.

Figure 1. Graph of f(x)= x^3+3x-2

2.a. Sketch the functions and on the same graph.

b.Show that the equation has a root between 0 and -1.

Answer: ( ) which is negative and ( ) which is negative. So the graph crosses
the x-axis between x=-1 and x=0.
c.This equation also has a positive root. Between which of two positive integers does this
root lie?
Answer: The positive root lies between x=1 and x=2.
d.Use the bisection method to find the positive root to 1 decimal place.
Iteration xl xr xu f(xl) f(xr) f(xu) f(xl)*f(xu) ERROR
0 1 2 1.5 -1 1 -0.25 0.25 0.5
1 1.5 2 1.75 -0.25 1 0.3125 -0.078125 0.25
2 1.5 1.75 1.625 -0.25 0.3125 0.015625 -0.00390625 0.125
3 1.5 1.625 1.5625 -0.25 0.015625 -0.12109 0.030273438 0.0625
4 1.5625 1.625 1.59375 -0.12109 0.015625 -0.05371 0.006504059 0.03125
5 1.59375 1.625 1.609375 -0.05371 0.015625 -0.01929 0.001035929 0.015625
6 1.609375 1.625 1.617188 -0.01929 0.015625 -0.00189 3.64929E-05 0.007813
7 1.617188 1.625 1.621094 -0.00189 0.015625 0.006851 -1.2963E-05 0.003906
8 1.617188 1.621094 1.619141 -0.00189 0.006851 0.002476 -4.6843E-06 0.001953
9 1.617188 1.619141 1.618164 -0.00189 0.002476 0.000291 -5.5035E-07 0.000977
10 1.617188 1.618164 1.617676 -0.00189 0.000291 -0.0008 1.51528E-06 0.000488
11 1.617676 1.618164 1.61792 -0.0008 0.000291 -0.00026 2.04255E-07 0.000244
12 1.61792 1.618164 1.618042 -0.00026 0.000291 1.79E-05 -4.5644E-09 0.000122
13 1.61792 1.618042 1.617981 -0.00026 1.79E-05 -0.00012 3.02436E-08 6.1E-05
14 1.617981 1.618042 1.618011 -0.00012 1.79E-05 -5E-05 5.96962E-09 3.05E-05
15 1.618011 1.618042 1.618027 -5E-05 1.79E-05 -1.6E-05 8.16729E-10 1.53E-05
16 1.618027 1.618042 1.618034 -1.6E-05 1.79E-05 8.36E-07 -1.3569E-11 7.63E-06
17 1.618027 1.618034 1.618031 -1.6E-05 8.36E-07 -7.7E-06 1.24815E-10 3.81E-06
18 1.618031 1.618034 1.618032 -7.7E-06 8.36E-07 -3.4E-06 2.63778E-11 1.91E-06
19 1.618032 1.618034 1.618033 -3.4E-06 8.36E-07 -1.3E-06 4.44375E-12 9.54E-07
20 1.618033 1.618034 1.618034 -1.3E-06 8.36E-07 -2.3E-07 2.97913E-13 4.77E-07
 21 1.618034 1.618034 1.618034 -2.3E-07 8.36E-07 3.03E-07 -6.9707E-14 2.38E-07
22 1.618034 1.618034 1.618034 -2.3E-07 3.03E-07 3.67E-08 -8.4369E-15 1.19E-07
23 1.618034 1.618034 1.618034 -2.3E-07 3.67E-08 -9.7E-08 2.21981E-14 5.96E-08
24 1.618034 1.618034 1.618034 -9.7E-08 3.67E-08 -3E-08 2.89091E-15 2.98E-08
25 1.618034 1.618034 1.618034 -3E-08 3.67E-08 3.39E-09 -1.0134E-16 1.49E-08
26 1.618034 1.618034 1.618034 -3E-08 3.39E-09 -1.3E-08 3.97366E-16 7.45E-09
27 1.618034 1.618034 1.618034 -1.3E-08 3.39E-09 -4.9E-09 6.56357E-17 3.73E-09
28 1.618034 1.618034 1.618034 -4.9E-09 3.39E-09 -7.8E-10 3.85421E-18 1.86E-09
29 1.618034 1.618034 1.618034 -7.8E-10 3.39E-09 1.3E-09 -1.0157E-18 9.31E-10
30 1.618034 1.618034 1.618034 -7.8E-10 1.3E-09 2.62E-10 -2.0404E-19 4.66E-10
31 1.618034 1.618034 1.618034 -7.8E-10 2.62E-10 -2.6E-10 2.01789E-19 2.33E-10
32 1.618034 1.618034 1.618034 -2.6E-10 2.62E-10 1.44E-12 -3.7328E-22 1.16E-10
33 1.618034 1.618034 1.618034 -2.6E-10 1.44E-12 -1.3E-10 3.33204E-20 5.82E-11
34 1.618034 1.618034 1.618034 -1.3E-10 1.44E-12 -6.4E-11 8.19089E-21 2.91E-11
35 1.618034 1.618034 1.618034 -6.4E-11 1.44E-12 -3.1E-11 1.97889E-21 1.46E-11
36 1.618034 1.618034 1.618034 -3.1E-11 1.44E-12 -1.5E-11 4.61095E-22 7.28E-12
37 1.618034 1.618034 1.618034 -1.5E-11 1.44E-12 -6.7E-12 9.92398E-23 3.64E-12
38 1.618034 1.618034 1.618034 -6.7E-12 1.44E-12 -2.6E-12 1.75718E-23 1.82E-12
39 1.618034 1.618034 1.618034 -2.6E-12 1.44E-12 -5.9E-13 1.55303E-24 9.09E-13
40 1.618034 1.618034 1.618034 -5.9E-13 1.44E-12 4.25E-13 -2.5139E-25 4.55E-13
41 1.618034 1.618034 1.618034 -5.9E-13 4.25E-13 -8.3E-14 4.93858E-26 2.27E-13
42 1.618034 1.618034 1.618034 -8.3E-14 4.25E-13 1.71E-13 -1.4274E-26 1.14E-13
43 1.618034 1.618034 1.618034 -8.3E-14 1.71E-13 4.4E-14 -3.6706E-27 5.68E-14
44 1.618034 1.618034 1.618034 -8.3E-14 4.4E-14 -2E-14 1.63136E-27 2.84E-14
45 1.618034 1.618034 1.618034 -2E-14 4.4E-14 1.2E-14 -2.3429E-28 1.42E-14
46 1.618034 1.618034 1.618034 -2E-14 1.2E-14 -4E-15 7.80972E-29 7.11E-15
47 1.618034 1.618034 1.618034 -4E-15 1.2E-14 4E-15 -1.5974E-29 3.55E-15
48 1.618034 1.618034 1.618034 -4E-15 4E-15 0 0 1.78E-15

Answer:
With 48th iteration, ( ) ( ) thus the root is equal to the midpoint which is 1.6.

Figure 2. Graph of f(x)= x^2-x-1

3. Use the bisection method to solve the equation to 2 decimal places given that
a solution exists between 1.65 and 1.8.
Iteration xl xr xu f(xl) f(xr) f(xu) f(xl)*f(xu) ERROR
0 1.65 1.8 1.725 -0.50788 0.832 0.132953 -0.06752357 0.075
1 1.65 1.725 1.6875 -0.50788 0.132953 -0.19458 0.098822357 0.0375
2 1.6875 1.725 1.70625 -0.19458 0.132953 -0.03261 0.006345847 0.01875
3 1.70625 1.725 1.715625 -0.03261 0.132953 0.049718 -0.00162144 0.009375
4 1.70625 1.715625 1.710938 -0.03261 0.049718 0.00844 -0.00027524 0.004687
5 1.70625 1.710938 1.708594 -0.03261 0.00844 -0.01211 0.000395104 0.002344
6 1.708594 1.710938 1.709766 -0.01211 0.00844 -0.00184 2.23487E-05 0.001172
7 1.709766 1.710938 1.710352 -0.00184 0.00844 0.003296 -6.0796E-06 0.000586
8 1.709766 1.710352 1.710059 -0.00184 0.003296 0.000725 -1.3375E-06 0.000293
9 1.709766 1.710059 1.709912 -0.00184 0.000725 -0.00056 1.03298E-06 0.000146
10 1.709912 1.710059 1.709985 -0.00056 0.000725 8.25E-05 -4.6197E-08 7.32E-05
11 1.709912 1.709985 1.709949 -0.00056 8.25E-05 -0.00024 1.33685E-07 3.66E-05
12 1.709949 1.709985 1.709967 -0.00024 8.25E-05 -7.8E-05 1.86504E-08 1.83E-05
13 1.709967 1.709985 1.709976 -7.8E-05 8.25E-05 2.19E-06 -1.7105E-10 9.16E-06
14 1.709967 1.709976 1.709972 -7.8E-05 2.19E-06 -3.8E-05 2.96589E-09 4.58E-06
15 1.709972 1.709976 1.709974 -3.8E-05 2.19E-06 -1.8E-05 6.79128E-10 2.29E-06
16 1.709974 1.709976 1.709975 -1.8E-05 2.19E-06 -7.8E-06 1.40407E-10 1.14E-06
17 1.709975 1.709976 1.709976 -7.8E-06 2.19E-06 -2.8E-06 2.22116E-11 5.72E-07
18 1.709976 1.709976 1.709976 -2.8E-06 2.19E-06 -3.2E-07 9.05794E-13 2.86E-07
19 1.709976 1.709976 1.709976 -3.2E-07 2.19E-06 9.35E-07 -2.9921E-13 1.43E-07
20 1.709976 1.709976 1.709976 -3.2E-07 9.35E-07 3.07E-07 -9.8375E-14 7.15E-08
21 1.709976 1.709976 1.709976 -3.2E-07 3.07E-07 -6.4E-09 2.04172E-15 3.58E-08
22 1.709976 1.709976 1.709976 -6.4E-09 3.07E-07 1.5E-07 -9.5983E-16 1.79E-08
23 1.709976 1.709976 1.709976 -6.4E-09 1.5E-07 7.2E-08 -4.5957E-16 8.94E-09
24 1.709976 1.709976 1.709976 -6.4E-09 7.2E-08 3.28E-08 -2.0944E-16 4.47E-09
25 1.709976 1.709976 1.709976 -6.4E-09 3.28E-08 1.32E-08 -8.4379E-17 2.24E-09
26 1.709976 1.709976 1.709976 -6.4E-09 1.32E-08 3.42E-09 -2.1846E-17 1.12E-09
27 1.709976 1.709976 1.709976 -6.4E-09 3.42E-09 -1.5E-09 9.41962E-18 5.59E-10
28 1.709976 1.709976 1.709976 -1.5E-09 3.42E-09 9.74E-10 -1.4385E-18 2.79E-10
29 1.709976 1.709976 1.709976 -1.5E-09 9.74E-10 -2.5E-10 3.71151E-19 1.4E-10
30 1.709976 1.709976 1.709976 -2.5E-10 9.74E-10 3.61E-10 -9.0828E-20 6.98E-11
31 1.709976 1.709976 1.709976 -2.5E-10 3.61E-10 5.5E-11 -1.3831E-20 3.49E-11
32 1.709976 1.709976 1.709976 -2.5E-10 5.5E-11 -9.8E-11 2.46667E-20 1.75E-11
33 1.709976 1.709976 1.709976 -9.8E-11 5.5E-11 -2.2E-11 2.11574E-21 8.73E-12
34 1.709976 1.709976 1.709976 -2.2E-11 5.5E-11 1.67E-11 -3.6081E-22 4.37E-12
35 1.709976 1.709976 1.709976 -2.2E-11 1.67E-11 -2.4E-12 5.19634E-23 2.18E-12
36 1.709976 1.709976 1.709976 -2.4E-12 1.67E-11 7.16E-12 -1.7271E-23 1.09E-12
37 1.709976 1.709976 1.709976 -2.4E-12 7.16E-12 2.38E-12 -5.7292E-24 5.46E-13
 38 1.709976 1.709976 1.709976 -2.4E-12 2.38E-12 -1.7E-14 4.06784E-26 2.73E-13
39 1.709976 1.709976 1.709976 -1.7E-14 2.38E-12 1.18E-12 -1.9935E-26 1.37E-13
40 1.709976 1.709976 1.709976 -1.7E-14 1.18E-12 5.81E-13 -9.8024E-27 6.82E-14
41 1.709976 1.709976 1.709976 -1.7E-14 5.81E-13 2.82E-13 -4.7513E-27 3.4E-14
42 1.709976 1.709976 1.709976 -1.7E-14 2.82E-13 1.33E-13 -2.2483E-27 1.71E-14
43 1.709976 1.709976 1.709976 -1.7E-14 1.33E-13 5.95E-14 -1.0042E-27 8.66E-15
44 1.709976 1.709976 1.709976 -1.7E-14 5.95E-14 2.04E-14 -3.4473E-28 4.22E-15
45 1.709976 1.709976 1.709976 -1.7E-14 2.04E-14 0 0 2E-15

Answer:
With 45th iteration, ( ) ( ) thus the root is equal to the midpoint which is
1.71.

Figure 3. Graph of f(x)= x^3-5

4. Solve the equation to 2 decimal places using the bisection method and
given starting interval x=[5, 6].
Iteration xl xr xu f(xl) f(xr) f(xu) f(xl)*f(xu) ERROR
0 5 6 5.5 -2 3 0.25 -0.5 0.5
1 5 5.5 5.25 -2 0.25 -0.9375 1.875 0.25
2 5.25 5.5 5.375 -0.9375 0.25 -0.35938 0.336914063 0.125
3 5.375 5.5 5.4375 -0.35938 0.25 -0.05859 0.021057129 0.0625
4 5.4375 5.5 5.46875 -0.05859 0.25 0.094727 -0.00555038 0.03125
5 5.4375 5.46875 5.453125 -0.05859 0.094727 0.017822 -0.00104427 0.015625
6 5.4375 5.453125 5.445313 -0.05859 0.017822 -0.02045 0.001198053 0.007813
7 5.445313 5.453125 5.449219 -0.02045 0.017822 -0.00133 2.71434E-05 0.003906
8 5.449219 5.453125 5.451172 -0.00133 0.017822 0.008244 -1.0943E-05 0.001953
9 5.449219 5.451172 5.450195 -0.00133 0.008244 0.003457 -4.5893E-06 0.000977
10 5.449219 5.450195 5.449707 -0.00133 0.003457 0.001065 -1.4132E-06 0.000488
11 5.449219 5.449707 5.449463 -0.00133 0.001065 -0.00013 1.74631E-07 0.000244
12 5.449463 5.449707 5.449585 -0.00013 0.001065 0.000466 -6.1364E-08 0.000122
13 5.449463 5.449585 5.449524 -0.00013 0.000466 0.000167 -2.2029E-08 6.1E-05
14 5.449463 5.449524 5.449493 -0.00013 0.000167 1.8E-05 -2.3622E-09 3.05E-05
15 5.449463 5.449493 5.449478 -0.00013 1.8E-05 -5.7E-05 7.47131E-09 1.53E-05
16 5.449478 5.449493 5.449486 -5.7E-05 1.8E-05 -1.9E-05 1.10294E-09 7.63E-06
17 5.449486 5.449493 5.44949 -1.9E-05 1.8E-05 -7.3E-07 1.42015E-11 3.81E-06
18 5.44949 5.449493 5.449492 -7.3E-07 1.8E-05 8.61E-06 -6.2986E-12 1.91E-06
19 5.44949 5.449492 5.449491 -7.3E-07 8.61E-06 3.94E-06 -2.8819E-12 9.54E-07
20 5.44949 5.449491 5.44949 -7.3E-07 3.94E-06 1.6E-06 -1.1735E-12 4.77E-07
21 5.44949 5.44949 5.44949 -7.3E-07 1.6E-06 4.37E-07 -3.1936E-13 2.38E-07
22 5.44949 5.44949 5.44949 -7.3E-07 4.37E-07 -1.5E-07 1.07723E-13 1.19E-07
23 5.44949 5.44949 5.44949 -1.5E-07 4.37E-07 1.45E-07 -2.1315E-14 5.96E-08
24 5.44949 5.44949 5.44949 -1.5E-07 1.45E-07 -1.3E-09 1.91743E-16 2.98E-08
25 5.44949 5.44949 5.44949 -1.3E-09 1.45E-07 7.17E-08 -9.333E-17 1.49E-08
26 5.44949 5.44949 5.44949 -1.3E-09 7.17E-08 3.52E-08 -4.5818E-17 7.45E-09
27 5.44949 5.44949 5.44949 -1.3E-09 3.52E-08 1.69E-08 -2.2062E-17 3.73E-09
28 5.44949 5.44949 5.44949 -1.3E-09 1.69E-08 7.82E-09 -1.0184E-17 1.86E-09
29 5.44949 5.44949 5.44949 -1.3E-09 7.82E-09 3.26E-09 -4.2446E-18 9.31E-10
30 5.44949 5.44949 5.44949 -1.3E-09 3.26E-09 9.8E-10 -1.2751E-18 4.66E-10
31 5.44949 5.44949 5.44949 -1.3E-09 9.8E-10 -1.6E-10 2.09649E-19 2.33E-10
32 5.44949 5.44949 5.44949 -1.6E-10 9.8E-10 4.09E-10 -6.5915E-20 1.16E-10
33 5.44949 5.44949 5.44949 -1.6E-10 4.09E-10 1.24E-10 -1.9987E-20 5.82E-11
34 5.44949 5.44949 5.44949 -1.6E-10 1.24E-10 -1.8E-11 2.97656E-21 2.91E-11
35 5.44949 5.44949 5.44949 -1.8E-11 1.24E-10 5.28E-11 -9.7595E-22 1.46E-11
36 5.44949 5.44949 5.44949 -1.8E-11 5.28E-11 1.72E-11 -3.172E-22 7.28E-12
37 5.44949 5.44949 5.44949 -1.8E-11 1.72E-11 -6.6E-13 1.21468E-23 3.64E-12
 38 5.44949 5.44949 5.44949 -6.6E-13 1.72E-11 8.25E-12 -5.4243E-24 1.82E-12
39 5.44949 5.44949 5.44949 -6.6E-13 8.25E-12 3.8E-12 -2.4961E-24 9.09E-13
40 5.44949 5.44949 5.44949 -6.6E-13 3.8E-12 1.57E-12 -1.0321E-24 4.55E-13
41 5.44949 5.44949 5.44949 -6.6E-13 1.57E-12 4.55E-13 -2.9888E-25 2.27E-13
42 5.44949 5.44949 5.44949 -6.6E-13 4.55E-13 -9.9E-14 6.53808E-26 1.14E-13
43 5.44949 5.44949 5.44949 -9.9E-14 4.55E-13 1.78E-13 -1.767E-26 5.68E-14
44 5.44949 5.44949 5.44949 -9.9E-14 1.78E-13 3.91E-14 -3.8875E-27 2.84E-14
45 5.44949 5.44949 5.44949 -9.9E-14 3.91E-14 -3.2E-14 3.18069E-27 1.42E-14
46 5.44949 5.44949 5.44949 -3.2E-14 3.91E-14 3.55E-15 -1.136E-28 7.11E-15
47 5.44949 5.44949 5.44949 -3.2E-14 3.55E-15 -1.4E-14 4.54384E-28 3.55E-15
48 5.44949 5.44949 5.44949 -1.4E-14 3.55E-15 -3.6E-15 5.04871E-29 1.78E-15
49 5.44949 5.44949 5.44949 -3.6E-15 3.55E-15 0 0 8.88E-16

Answer:
With 49th iteration, ( ) ( ) thus the root is equal to the midpoint which is
5.45.

Figure 4. Graph of f(x)= x^2-6x+3

5. Louise invests some of the profits from a business. In order to understand one particular
investment, she needs to find a solution greater than 1 to the equation: x8 − 11x + 10 = 0
a.Show that this equation has a solution between x = 1.05 and x = 1.15
Answer: ( ) which is negative and ( ) which is positive. So the
graph crosses the x-axis between x=1.05 and x=1.15.
b.Calculate two iterations of the bisection method to solve the equation starting with the
interval [1.05, 1.15].

Iteration xl xr xu f(xl) f(xr) f(xu) f(xl)*f(xu) ERROR

0 1.05 1.15 1.1 -0.07254 0.409023 0.043589 -0.00316213 0.05
1 1.05 1.1 1.075 -0.07254 0.043589 -0.04152 0.003012208 0.025
2 1.075 1.1 1.0875 -0.04152 0.043589 -0.00621 0.000257686 0.0125

Answer:
With 2nd iteration, [ ] with an error of 0.0125.

Figure 5. Graph of f(x)= x^8-11x+10

6. Consider the function f(x) = 2ex − 2x − 3

a.Show that there is a root to the equation f(x) = 0 in the interval [0, 2]
Answer: ( ) which is negative and ( ) which is positive. So the graph crosses
the x-axis between x=0 and x=2.
b.Using [0, 2] as the starting interval, calculate two iterations of the bisection method to
solve the equation f(x) = 0. State the interval obtained at the end of the second iteration.
Iteration xl xr xu f(xl) f(xr) f(xu) f(xl)*f(xu) ERROR
0 0 2 1 -1 7.778112 0.436564 -1 1
1 0 1 0.5 -1 0.436564 -0.70256 0.702557459 0.5
2 0.5 1 0.75 -0.70256 0.436564 -0.266 0.186880261 0.25

Answer:
With 2nd iteration, [ ] with an error of 0.25.
 Figure 6. Graph of a f(x)= 2e^x-2x-3

7. Use the bisection method to find the root of the function f( ) = − − with an accuracy of
0.0001. Initial guesses are xl=0 and xr=1.
***If the error is less than 0.0001, then it is true else it is false.
Iteration xl xr xu f(xl) f(xr) f(xu) Error E<0.0001
0 0 1 0.5 -1 0.632121 -0.10653 - -
1 0.5 1 0.75 -0.10653 0.632121 0.277633 0.333333 FALSE
2 0.5 0.75 0.625 -0.10653 0.277633 0.089739 0.2 FALSE
3 0.5 0.625 0.5625 -0.10653 0.089739 -0.00728 0.111111 FALSE
4 0.5625 0.625 0.59375 -0.00728 0.089739 0.041498 0.052632 FALSE
5 0.5625 0.59375 0.578125 -0.00728 0.041498 0.017176 0.027027 FALSE
6 0.5625 0.578125 0.570313 -0.00728 0.017176 0.004964 0.013699 FALSE
7 0.5625 0.570313 0.566406 -0.00728 0.004964 -0.00116 0.006897 FALSE
8 0.566406 0.570313 0.568359 -0.00116 0.004964 0.001905 0.003436 FALSE
9 0.566406 0.568359 0.567383 -0.00116 0.001905 0.000375 0.001721 FALSE
10 0.566406 0.567383 0.566895 -0.00116 0.000375 -0.00039 0.000861 FALSE
11 0.566895 0.567383 0.567139 -0.00039 0.000375 -7.2E-06 0.00043 FALSE
12 0.567139 0.567383 0.567261 -7.2E-06 0.000375 0.000184 0.000215 FALSE
13 0.567139 0.567261 0.5672 -7.2E-06 0.000184 8.84E-05 0.000108 FALSE
14 0.567139 0.5672 0.567169 -7.2E-06 8.84E-05 4.06E-05 5.38E-05 TRUE
Answer:
With 14th iteration, the accuracy level was achieved. Therefore, approximate root of
the function ( ) is 0.567169.
 Figure 7. Graph of f(x)= x-e^-x

8. Find the root of the function f( ) = cos − with the interval [0,1]. Determine the roots
with 8 digit of accuracy.
Iteration xl xr xu f(xl) f(xr) f(xu) Error E<0.00000001
0 0 1 0.5 1 -0.4597 0.377583 - -
1 0.5 1 0.75 0.377583 -0.4597 -0.01831 0.333333 FALSE
2 0.5 0.75 0.625 0.377583 -0.01831 0.185963 0.2 FALSE
3 0.625 0.75 0.6875 0.185963 -0.01831 0.085335 0.090909 FALSE
4 0.6875 0.75 0.71875 0.085335 -0.01831 0.033879 0.043478 FALSE
5 0.71875 0.75 0.734375 0.033879 -0.01831 0.007875 0.021277 FALSE
6 0.734375 0.75 0.742188 0.007875 -0.01831 -0.0052 0.010526 FALSE
7 0.734375 0.742188 0.738281 0.007875 -0.0052 0.001345 0.005291 FALSE
8 0.738281 0.742188 0.740234 0.001345 -0.0052 -0.00192 0.002639 FALSE
9 0.738281 0.740234 0.739258 0.001345 -0.00192 -0.00029 0.001321 FALSE
10 0.738281 0.739258 0.73877 0.001345 -0.00029 0.000528 0.000661 FALSE
11 0.73877 0.739258 0.739014 0.000528 -0.00029 0.00012 0.00033 FALSE
12 0.739014 0.739258 0.739136 0.00012 -0.00029 -8.5E-05 0.000165 FALSE
13 0.739014 0.739136 0.739075 0.00012 -8.5E-05 1.74E-05 8.26E-05 FALSE
 14 0.739075 0.739136 0.739105 1.74E-05 -8.5E-05 -3.4E-05 4.13E-05 FALSE
15 0.739075 0.739105 0.73909 1.74E-05 -3.4E-05 -8.1E-06 2.06E-05 FALSE
16 0.739075 0.73909 0.739082 1.74E-05 -8.1E-06 4.68E-06 1.03E-05 FALSE
17 0.739082 0.73909 0.739086 4.68E-06 -8.1E-06 -1.7E-06 5.16E-06 FALSE
18 0.739082 0.739086 0.739084 4.68E-06 -1.7E-06 1.49E-06 2.58E-06 FALSE
19 0.739084 0.739086 0.739085 1.49E-06 -1.7E-06 -1.1E-07 1.29E-06 FALSE
20 0.739084 0.739085 0.739085 1.49E-06 -1.1E-07 6.91E-07 6.45E-07 FALSE
21 0.739085 0.739085 0.739085 6.91E-07 -1.1E-07 2.92E-07 3.23E-07 FALSE
22 0.739085 0.739085 0.739085 2.92E-07 -1.1E-07 9.2E-08 1.61E-07 FALSE
23 0.739085 0.739085 0.739085 9.2E-08 -1.1E-07 -7.7E-09 8.06E-08 FALSE
24 0.739085 0.739085 0.739085 9.2E-08 -7.7E-09 4.21E-08 4.03E-08 FALSE
25 0.739085 0.739085 0.739085 4.21E-08 -7.7E-09 1.72E-08 2.02E-08 FALSE
26 0.739085 0.739085 0.739085 1.72E-08 -7.7E-09 4.72E-09 1.01E-08 FALSE
27 0.739085 0.739085 0.739085 4.72E-09 -7.7E-09 -1.5E-09 5.04E-09 TRUE

Answer:
With 27th iteration, the accuracy level was achieved. Thus, the approximate root of the
function ( ) is 0.739085.

Figure 8. Graph of f(x)= cos(x)-x

9. Find the root of the function f( ) = 3 6 2+ 11 – 6

Initial guesses are: xl=0 and xr=1
Iteration xl xr xu f(xl) f(xr) f(xu)
0 0 1 0.5 -6 0 -1.875

Answer:
With initial guesses of 0 & 1, f(1)=0, thus, one of the real roots of the given function is
1.
 Figure 9. Graph of function x^3-6x^2+11x-6

10. Find the root of the function f( ) = 4− 16

Initial guesses are: 0 & 4
Iteration xl xr xu f(xl) f(xr) f(xu) f(xl)*f(xu)
0 0 4 2 -16 240 0 0

Answer:
With initial guesses of 0 & 4, f(xu)=0. Thus, one of the real root of the given equation is
equal to the midpoint which is 2.

Figure 10. Graph of f(x)= x^4-16