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5S System: A Lean Manufacturing Tool
5S System: A Lean Manufacturing Tool
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5S SYSTEM
Contents of the Best Practice Guide to 5S, A Lean Manufacturing Tool by Graphic Products, Inc.
5S OVERVIEWSJ 1
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5S Overview
5S OVERVIEW
INTRODUCTION
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Japanese Innovation
6LQFH-DSDQHVHIDFWRULHV¿UVWEHJDQLPSOHPHQWLQJDQHDUO\ similar goals and may actually originate from the same
form of 5S decades ago, they experienced unprecedented American or Japanese system. One of the most widely
OHYHOVRIHI¿FLHQF\VDIHW\DQGJURZWK6LVHYHQFUHGLWHG used is Lean or Lean Manufacturing. A derivative of
with helping Japanese factories eclipse American industrial Japan’s Just-In-Time Production (JIT), Lean is popularly
output and product quality. By the mid-1980s, managers at used around the world today to improve overall industrial
America’s largest factories were taking serious notice of ZRUNÀRZHI¿FLHQFLHV
Japan’s success and began rapidly applying similar systems
and methods. One of these systems is known globally Just as Lean has taken many ideas from a popular
today as 5S. Once U.S. factories began implementing 5S, Japanese system, JIT and others like it have their roots
PDQDJHUVVDZPDQ\RIWKHVDPHGUDPDWLFJDLQVLQHI¿FLHQF\ in early- to mid-20th century American industrial
and reductions in cost – previously seen only in Japan. inventions. Ford Motor Company’s assembly line and
business-applied statistics both played leading roles in
7KHWHUP6RULJLQDWHVIURP¿YH-DSDQHVHZRUGVVWDUWLQJ Japan’s post-WWII industrial revolution.
with the letter S. They are Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu and
Shitsuke. The literal translation of: Seiri is tidiness, Seiton is
orderliness, Seiso is cleanliness, Seiketsu is standardization
and Shitsuke is discipline. To simplify the system further,
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to describe each element. They are Sort, Set in Order, Shine,
Standardize and Sustain. Not all facilities use these exact
words in their own implementation and may substitute terms
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5S TERMS TRANSLATED
JAPANESE ENGLISH
TERMS TRANSLATIONS 5S TERMS DEFINITIONS
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5S OVERVIEW
IMPLEMENTATION
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foundation so Lean yields spectacular results.
1. SORT
4. STANDARDIZE 3. SHINE
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5S OVERVIEW
BENEFITS
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Over the life of 5S, both short-term and long-term Statistics like these may seem unachievable at your
goals can be achieved. Along the way, many unforeseen facility. Nonetheless, facilities around the world
EHQH¿WVDUHOLNHO\WRDSSHDU6RPHPD\QRWEH are experiencing dramatic results from a properly
immediately apparent, but over a period of months or implemented and sustained 5S system.
even years they become evident. For example, workplace
injuries are often reduced over time. This, in turn, may
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TYPICAL Decreases
5S
work routines may lower health care costs. This, in-turn,
will increase production by reducing sick-leave. The list ,QMXULHV
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unique to individual facilities. 3URGXFWLRQFRVWV
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5S success.
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5S OVERVIEW
VISUAL COMMUNICATION
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Effective Signage
Facilities use visual communication (signs, labels Research completed by the Wisconsin Manufacturing
and other devices) to give workers clear and accurate ([WHQVLRQ3DUWQHUVKLS:0(3IRXQGYLVXDO
LGHQWL¿FDWLRQRIORFDWLRQVSURFHGXUHVKD]DUGV communication was an effective tool in helping improve
inventories, equipment and tools. Ultimately, this results HI¿FLHQFLHVDWDORFDOPHWDOIDEULFDWLRQSODQW'DWD
LQJUHDWHUHI¿FLHQF\DQGORZHUFRVWV collected showed the plant increased inventory turns
67%, reduced inventory by 35% and increased on-time
Visual communication is the key to 5S success and plays shipping to 99%.
a leading role in helping turn a traditional manufacturing
system into a Lean one. This technique will be introduced In similar research conducted at a window manufacturing
in the second step of the system, or Set in Order. IDFLOLW\:0(3IRXQG6KHOSHGLQFUHDVHSURGXFWLYLW\
by 35% and decrease overtime by 45%. These statistics
Labels and signs are known to be especially effective offer a glimpse of what is possible for facilities willing to
HI¿FLHQF\WRROVDQGDUHLGHDOIRUKHOSLQJWRFRUUHFWPDQ\ move forward on their own 5S implementations.
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conducted by America Online®, Salary.com® and a 2008
survey by Microsoft® found workers waste an average of
over 2 hours per-day.
" You may not have realized it before
Why is this phenomenon occurring and what can be now, but you won’t get lean – until
done to change it? Often, reasons can be traced back to a you get visual…The foundation
lack of proper visual communication. In many facilities,
workers are unable to complete simple tasks because of these tools used to implement
necessary information is unavailable. When this occurs, Lean is visual systems. That’s
work completion is unpredictable and production suffers. because the waste we’re trying to
In most cases, workers have varying levels of knowledge
about a facility and rely on written directions to complete
eliminate comes directly from a
tasks. Visually communicating the contents of inventory ODFNRILQIRUPDWLRQ6SHFL¿FDOO\
DQGWRROVWRUDJHLVHVSHFLDOO\EHQH¿FLDOLQUHGXFLQJ – from hundreds – even thousands
delays in work. ±RILQIRUPDWLRQGH¿FLWVLQRXU
workplaces."
Consistent Visual Style
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Developing a workplace where inventories, materials, 7R\RWD 3URGXFWLRQ6\VWHP\HDUV
tools, and equipment are all clearly and consistently “You Won’t Get Lean Until You Get Visual!”
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proper visual communication can often be far-reaching
and is known to boost productivity, quality levels,
customer satisfaction, while reducing workplace injuries.
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Sort
5S OVERVIEW
Red-Tagging
An item’s frequency-of-use provides excellent criteria for
determining its value to a work area. By recording usage
dates, each item’s true value can be established. As one
would expect, regularly used items are kept, while items
rarely used receive greater consideration for removal.
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communicate directions wherever helpful. Red-tag
storage locations and directions can be printed onto a
label or sign for clear indication and easy accessibility.
Finally, create a Sort checklist for workers to follow so
tasks are completed independently and as part of daily
work routines.
small…
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don’t function at peak performance and issues like leaks, maintaining the tools and equipment they use, workers
squeaks and vibrations often go overlooked. Ultimately, will have greater pride in their work and surroundings.
the result is losses in production and money. The ripple Workers should be held accountable for issues arising
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these issues, workers are more productive and remain neighboring spaces. This aids in identifying even the
safer on the job. tiniest abnormalities and pre-failure conditions sooner.
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5S OVERVIEW
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Standardize
Formulate Standards
Regular 5S team leader meetings should uniformly applied throughout a facility.
be used to formulate facility-wide 5S These new duty assignments and related
standards. Managers should consult checklists should be shared with workers
workers for input during Standardize. DQGLPSOHPHQWHGLPPHGLDWHO\(QVXUH
Unnecessary or obsolete duties can then assigned duties are strategically posted
be pared from the list. within work areas so they are clearly
displayed and easy to reference. Duties
5S duties are best standardized with
can then be completed autonomously,
a work area duty-list. Within this list,
decreasing management requirements
workers’ names should be associated
and clarifying worker responsibilities.
with a new duty each day so each worker
feels they are doing their fair share. Once Many other elements of the 5S System
a formal duty-list is developed, seek also require standardization. Document
management approval for a standardized these standards and post them at strategic
implementation. All potentially affected facility locations. As an example,
managers (maintenance, safety, production, in-house visual communication standards
etc.) should have an opportunity to review now should be documented. Minimum
duty-lists prior to implementation. 8QLIRUPIDFLOLW\ODEHOVDQGVLJQVEUHHG and maximum fonts and pictogram
HIÀFLHQF\:RUNHUVUHFRJQL]HZKDWWKH\DUH sizes should be described, along with a
Once management has approved a list, FRPPXQLFDWLQJTXLFNHUDQGPRUHFOHDUO\ standardized system of color-coding.
work area maintenance standards can be
17 800-788-5572 DuraLabel.com
STANDARDIZE
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STANDARDIZE
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STANDARDIZE
5S SHINE
Swing-Shift Progress
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Progress charts should be displayed as banners and posted at a central location.
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Sustain
Workers should now be expected to routinely complete standards are not achieved. Workers will eventually
assigned 5S duties with little supervision. 5S duty complete duties based on how points are awarded or
schedules and posted procedures must be maintained to deducted. Always explain why points were deducted so a
help promote continued self-management and reduce worker knows where to improve.
confusion. Integrate 5S education into existing new
worker training programs. Workers will be expected to
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Point System
5S now functions autonomously, team leaders should Remember to be fair when awarding and deducting
never let their guard down and assertively monitor the points. Workers will continue to support the 5S system
system for issues. VRORQJDVWKH\IHHOVFRULQJDFFXUDWHO\UHÀHFWVWKHLU
performance. To eliminate doubt, workers should always
5S leaders must work to set examples by following see how coworkers are rated. This can be accomplished
through on scheduled work-area inspections. Team by posting scores within work areas after each inspection.
leaders and other facility managers should have access Monthly totals and yearly goals should be included.
to 5S calendars, listing meeting dates and times. A
dedication to sustaining the system will become a catalyst
for continued 5S success and inspire workers to embrace Revisit Steps
the 5S System. 1RZWKDWWKH¿QDOVWHSLQLPSOHPHQWDWLRQLVQHDULQJ
completion, go back and photograph the conditions of
all work areas and re-record worker routine-task times.
Progress Evaluations
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Monthly work-area progress evaluations are another SUR¿WLQMXU\DQGH[SHQGLWXUHV:KHUHSRVVLEOHRUJDQL]H
important element of Sustain. These evaluations this data by work area and begin transferring ratings to
provide 5S team leaders and other managers an avenue spreadsheets. Use graphs and charts to provide workers
to gauge successes. A custom rating system will help and managers easy-to-understand visual progress reports.
provide workers with the feedback they need to make
improvements where necessary.
DuraLabel.com 800-788-5572 22
SUSTAIN
Maintaining an open dialog with workers is critical for 5S August Average: 77.4%
team leaders. Regular support and reassurance reinforces
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95%
from its implementation.
([SDQGLQJWKHXVHRI6EH\RQGWKHZRUNDUHDLVDQRWKHU 81%
excellent way to help sustain the system. When used 75% 72%
LQIDFLOLW\RI¿FHVDQGRWKHUH[WHUQDOGHSDUWPHQWVWKH 64%
importance of sustaining 5S is universally understood and
receives even greater support. When goals are achieved,
immediately communicate these successes to all work-
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