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    CIA-RDP78-00915R000400230008-4

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    39 views10 pages

    Cia RDP78 00915R000400230008 4

    Uploaded by

    Teabeamet Teabe Amet LuureAmet
    CIA-RDP78-00915R000400230008-4

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    ee nape Approtech#Sr Release 2000/04/1 14. CIA-RDP7B:0091 §R099400230008-11 2 ~ ~ . UNCIASSIFTED _ sy Cason) Tyorpumt, Joseph UNITED KINGDOM 4 Dr. Joseph Neodhan, Professor of Biocheniatry at Canbridge University, has been described as one of England's leading scientists whose work on the chenistry of enbryonic development is standard. Since the publication of the Report of the "International Scientific Commission" to which he signed his name, and hie insistence that the communist charges of tie use of germ warfare by the United States Air Force during the Korean conflict are true, his prestige as a scien- tist has declined considerably, Dr. Needhan first became absorbed in China ad the Chinese when he served as head of the British Scientific Mission to China fron 1942 to 196 in Chungking, His knowledge of written Chinese is revorted to be extrenely good, and he is currently working on a history of science and civilization in Ching, Since World Wer II, Needhan, who has been associated ‘with a nunber of conmmnist-sponsored causes has shown hinself in his writings ‘to be an uncritical admirer of the conmumist regine in China. He is President i of the British-China Friendship Association and is also a member of the London Peace Council. In 1952 he was appointed a menber of the so-called Intemational Scientific Commission which had been formed on the initiative of the conmunist-sponsored World Peace Council, to investigate conmmist charges of gem warfare against the United states. He and several other Western scientists (with pro-vommnist Jeanings) went to China in July 1952, Needhan retumed to the United Kingdon in Septenber 1952 with the "findings" of the Commission, a Jong document allegedly showing proof that units of the United States arned forces had been using bacteriological weapons. Needham admitted to the press that none of the comission's menbers ever saw anything - test tube or receptacle ~ being @ropped by an American plano, that the evidence was based on hearsay, and that the comission operated unscientifically. Nevertheless, he contimed to maintain, both in public speeches and in letters to the press, that the UN had used gem warfare, (In his letters to the press, Needham signed hinself as Vice President, Eastern Regional Council, United Nations Association. The United Nations Association in Britain subsequently disclained responsibility for his behaviour.) One of Needhan’s allegations was that during world War II, while he was in China, he had sent reports to tho British covernnent regarding alleged Japanese use of gern warfare against the chinese, and that now the Americans had taken over Japanese methods and reveated Japanese crines. ‘The Yoint Under Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs denied in Parlianent that the Government had ever received such reports fron Needham during the war. During Novenber and Decenber 1953 Needham and Sir George P. Thompson, master of Corpus Christi College, Canbridge and a distinguished scientist, exchanged a number of letters published in The New Statesman and Nation. Needhan stated that the repudiation of "confessions" by American Amy Air Force personnel had in no way shaken his belief that the United states had conducted germ warfare during the Korean conflict. ‘Thompson refuted Needham’s L ef State Bape Wadia BAReEE CAPM ctfUAR OR” AI? 2?6RO00400230008-4 Approved For Release 2000/04/14 : CIA-RDP78- 00815R090400230008-4 Eats po PAGE.2__ wAHosure 1) Lass; [Seturity Classification) Tctain that the "confessions" of the aimen were nerely corrobatory evidence and | pointed out that the confessions" filled a vital gap in the communists? evidence" in that nd other proof existed that american planes were the source of disease-carzying insects found in North sorea and nortiieast China. On Decenber 12 Needhan wrote that "regardless of conminist gera propaganda, the i fact renains that preparations for bacteriological warfare are being intensi~ fied in the tnited states..,.and the refusal of the Anerican Governnent to sign the Geneva Convention causes civilized scientists curious disquiet." The Daily Telegraph, conmenting on Needhan's political beliefs, quoted hin as naling the Tollowing statenent. jn 1936 on the death of the Russian scientist, Pavlov: ‘Pavlov and Lenin will be renenhered as Russia's gifts to the 20th century, Giant figures, one of knowledge and the other of comradship, They point the way td the new world, the coming of which nothing shall, in the end, prevent." Tn 1937, addressing the conference of Modern churchmen at Cambridge, Needham ddolared that the aims of Communisn were in the spirit of Christianity. arthir Koestler in The Yogi and the Commissar in discussing sone of Needhan's ebdays in Tine, the Hetmsling Fiver coments as follows: tye are in the presente of a'striting example of what ravages the infatuation with Marxian d‘"lectics my cause in an otherwise clear brain." Personal data: Borh 1900; son of Dr. Joseph Needham of Harley Street; married, “UIs Dorstiy Mary Moyle, a research worker for the Medical. Research Council Biochemical Laboratory at Cambridge since 196. a: Oundle bono; Benn Levy staddt in Biochemistry, 1922-192h, ES GumiPage. “Hekes PheDey, SeoDe (eaneade)e + Languages: Chinese. : Honors: Fellow of the Royal Society. Associations: ' Foreign Menber, National Academy of China (Academia Sinica), “Wational Peiping acadeny, Chinese Ghenical Society; corresponding nenber, Société philomathique de Paris; Hon. Member Yale Chapter of Signa Xi. Director of collet's Holdings Ltd. which runs the Russian pookshop, etc. Publications; Science, Religion and Reality (edited), 1925; Man a Imchine, 5 skeptical Hlologist, ten essays, 1929; chenical pibyyology (3 vols.J, I93Ij The Great Amphibian, fo lectures oi ‘portion of religion in a world domnated by seience, 1932; 4 Wistory of Enbryology, 1935; Order and Life, 1935; Christianity and the Soolal Revolution (edited), 1935; Maventures before Birth (translated), 1936; Perspectives in Biochonistay (Wopkins Prosentation Tolune, edited), 1937; Background fem Selence (edited), 1938; Rioch istry and rphorenesis, Bacher of Nations, addresses and Wesays ii comnencralion of the visit SS =] Approved For Release 2000/04A, if aa ('RBP78-00915R000400230008-4 TT W 5 omApiicoved Sina ed For R *cTARDPTE009 tee Release 200/544 : Cia-RDP78.00915R0004002300 ia: 08-4 sceurity Classnpication) T to mngland in 1910 of the erent Feet qaveationalist, John, nos comendne (edited), igh2; science in the soviet. ynion, bY seven pritish scientists (edited), 19h2; Tine, the nerresl ming Wiver, essays, and addresses» 19435 History is on Qur sid ig, & contrioubLoN Zolitical religion ‘and seienti> stony 8 Spy pitsece sosenae, MNEs Soot oa post (Fapers of the Sino-British Seiense C2 Genoperation orfieey; Ts Fopeins dna piochensstry, \ (edited)» ‘1gh93 Chart to illustrate tue qustory oF Prysiology an Bio- \ Shenistry, 1926; original papers in biological and philosophical Journals: | careert | agi-1918 surgeon gub-Lieutenant, Royal Navy \ Ygoli-date Fellow, Gonville eo gains colleges cambridee+ 1908-1933 University Nemonstrater in Biochenistry. 1929 weEeing Professor of BioenenetTY? stanford University» california, ee jn plochenistrys Canbridess 1935 SF ‘University goldwyn-Smith Lecturer, quell University yead-swing Lecturer, ‘Qberlin College+ 3935-1936 Oliver, Sharpey Lecwiters oyal coulege of Prysicianss ondon. BEIo37 uerbert spenser Lectwres ‘oxford University 1937 Hemgurer for polskie Towarsystee VeNlogioane) in the Universitiee of Warsaw, LWow, \crakow and wine» 19h0 comte ‘venorial. Lecturers ‘London; gehiff Lecturer, cornell yniversitys yo2-196 Head of ‘pritish Scientific wission to Chinas Gounselor, British Bnbssey; Ghungkings Geviser to Chinese Nations! Ghungtees commission, Chinese IHN yeaieal Adninistration and the Chinese Air Force Research eats als yigited Hoscow at the Anvitation of the Sovict Ggovernnent to sthend the celebrations of the 2ooth anniversary of the foseow Academy of Sedences agh6 observer at the ‘goundation meeting of the world Federation of etentists, Londons Apus-1u8 Head, Watural sobcaees pivision, UNESCO, Pariss replaced by ‘pierre anger in Aprile 19h conway Nenorial Lecturers London: ‘alt Attended Workd Congress Of Intellectuals, preslau, August; diternate delegate, UNESOO General conference, third session, Lo Ygetirat, Novenbers | Lecturer, oxford \ 19h9 Betooned ‘the congress for Pearcy grade and Friendship with Vhe { USSR in Londons qggo «ited Professor, University of galifomias x mehi Lecturer, Jolns Hoplesn yniversitys eRcase Tectarer, University oF Tondong L i A sf pprovéd For Reledsé Z000/04Pra""Gy, 578-00 = | . i 915R00040023000: 8-4 Soe NSS me ARETE Tee 4 No. : Apaigved For Release 2000/04/14 : CIA-RDP78- -00918R000400230008-4 ~ r 1951 1952 Sources: Unclassified ce (inoleore 2) seen Cssifestony Protested tho failure of the British Assn, of Scientific Workers to re-elect Frof. J.D. Bemals Welconed the Chinese deleration sponsored by the British-Chinese Friendship Association on their arrival in England; the London Enbassy reported that he was "eautious in the extreme" in his conments on the Far Eastern situation; he expressed the fear ‘that the UN was becoming an anti-communist league and that the East was being driven apart from the West’~ a situation which he thought might be renedied by the seating of Communist China on the Secarity council; he also entertained the delegation when they visited Canbridge; In July he signed a letter to the Times deploring the dunping of 500 tons of bombs on industrial targets in North Korea. Visiting Professor, University of Lyon; One of the organizers of the Authors! World Peace Appeal; Member of a team organized by the liational Council for vivil Liberties to look into the incidents alleged to have taken place between British delegates to the Berlin Yough Congress and US troops in Austria; Corresponding menber of the Intemational Commission for a Scientific and Cultural History wine ; be wa Heit ae no-APpreskéd For Relagse 2000/04/14 rcta-ROP#E0%a48Rd00400230008-4 r WALTERRE, Jean FRANGE Jean Yalterre, $5, is a specialist in agriculture, Direétor of the taboratory of Animal Physiology, National college of Agriculture at Grignon. He ‘+ formerly a Livestock expert in UNRRA, working chiefly in | Ethiopia and also Li Rone. We 4s, or has been, a corresponding menber of the Ttalian and Spusish Societies of Animal, Husbandry. | yalterre is a graduate of the National School of Agriculture at Grignon ) woh he entered in 1916, Trained as a geneticist, he later worked mainly | Inthe field of animal breeding. He is not known to have had any special: tra! in microbiology: 1 There is no evidence that Malterre 1s an detial Conmnist Party menber. He is, however, a nenber of the COT (Conmnist~dominated trade union fedora ‘Hon) ‘Teachers’ Union. In Novenber 1952 he was selected by the Peasants! Peace Congress hisld near Paris (to create an agricultural counterpart of the peace novenent) to be a delegate to the Peace Congress in vienna the following nonth, Sources: : i ‘Lement to New Tines #39, Septenber 2h, 1952. PAjG, Paris, Septenber 19, 1952 (Note: “Fuctual career data plus fact “that he is‘ ienbey" of ooT Teachers’ Union derived from this ‘telegram whieh was Glassifiied CONFIDENTIAL) L i ida id Approved Foy Release Pe0e/eap4 Ae aiRILEZBDOSTERT00400230008-4 1 Aw AH Hyd ———_— A (for Release 2000/04/14 ; CIA a NEE oI os 1pP78-9945R9Q0K00236008:4"” — ~ i ay Tayonem, andrea “EE The Svedish newspaper Svenska Darbladet on August U1, 1952, carried an article under 2 Moscow dateTine whicii Stated that among the six members of an "International séientific committee" investigating the facts of the nanerican bacteriological warfare in Ko.2a was Dr. Andrea Andreen of Stockholm. \ I | Ellenor Andrea sndreen was ‘born tn Orby, Sweden, July 11, 1888. she is | @ practicing nédicol doctor and ix chiei piysician at the Stockholm Hospital Central Clinical Laboratory (appoinvea i945). She was the first wite (1909- 1915) of the well-known Swedish biochemist, The Svedberg. While Mrs, andreen tits been the author of several stientific publications, tay, ive Been iargely her collected Lectures on sexual hygiene and clinical publications th medical chemistry with special reference to blood sugar deter= minations. She is, therefore, not 4 professional bacteriologist. What Mrs. Andreen lacks 4x professional qualifications for the type of investigation ‘the "committes" proposed to make, she more than makes up in political zeal, though not an open member of the Communist Party, she is certainly an ardent (and Sweden's foremost woman) fellow-traveler. She has attended moet of the front organization "peace congresses" held in Europe ‘since the last war and her name usually appears on any Party line petition or ctrewlar. She is very ufien an initiator and member of the various committees and congresses for witich the Party Line may call at any ‘ monent, Far from being the peaceful, "do-good" type, Mrs. sndreen is a nilitant fighter ‘for any front activity. Her travels during the post-war years have taken her frequently to Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. She is officially a member of the Swedish Social Democratic Party ("unless ‘that party his @xeinded ne"), } Bhe is President of the “swedish Wonén's Leftist Assiciation", the Byedish section of the Women's International Denocratic Federation (WIDF)+

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