ME-112 Thermodynamics Assignme

Question No:1
Note: I have converted MPa into Bars where 1 Bar=0.1 MPa
Compressed Liquid Values
Temperature (Centigrade) Pressure (Bars) Specific volume (m^3/kg)
100 25 0.00104225
100 50 0.001041
100 75 0.00103975
100 100 0.0010385
100 150 0.0010361
100 200 0.0010337
100 250 0.00103135
100 300 0.001029
Saturated Liquid Values
Temperature (Centigrade) Pressure (Bars) Specific volume (m^3/kg)
100 1.0142 0.001043
Percent Deviation Properties
Temperature (Centigrade) Pressure (Bars) Specific volume (m^3/kg)
100 25 -0.07%
100 50 -0.19%
100 75 -0.31%
100 100 -0.43%
100 150 -0.67%
100 200 -0.90%
100 250 -1.13%
100 300 -1.36%
Results:
1. This shows that isothermal compression is a very slow process since the deviation seem to
2. It also appears that since the deviation is not that high, we may take saturated liquid water value
3. In an isothermal compression, the specific volume, specific internal energy and entropy seems to decrease as
4. As pressure increases in the compressed liquid part, it appears that deviation also incre

500
Single Graph of All Values
450
Specific Volume Specific Internal Energy Enthalpy

400

350

300
alues

250
 400

350

300

All Values
250

200

150

100

50

0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Pressure (Bars)
rmodynamics Assignment
Question No:1
nverted MPa into Bars where 1 Bar=0.1 MPa
ompressed Liquid Values
Specific Internal Energy (KJ/Kg) Enthalpy (KJ/Kg) Specific Entropy (KJ/Kg.K)
418.36 420.965 1.3053
417.65 422.85 1.3034
416.94 424.735 1.3015
416.23 426.62 1.2996
414.85 430.39 1.2958
413.5 434.17 1.292
412.185 437.955 1.28825
410.87 441.74 1.2845
Saturated Liquid Values
Specific Internal Energy (KJ/Kg) Enthalpy (KJ/Kg) Entropy (KJ/Kg)
419.06 419.17 1.3072
rcent Deviation Properties
Specific Internal Energy (KJ/Kg) Enthalpy (KJ/Kg) Entropy (KJ/Kg)
-0.17% 0.43% -0.15%
-0.34% 0.87% -0.29%
-0.51% 1.31% -0.44%
-0.68% 1.75% -0.58%
-1.01% 2.61% -0.88%
-1.34% 3.45% -1.18%
-1.67% 4.29% -1.47%
-1.99% 5.11% -1.77%
Results:
on is a very slow process since the deviation seem to be less and is at maximum about 5%.
ot that high, we may take saturated liquid water values in place of compressed liquid properties.
fic internal energy and entropy seems to decrease as pressure increases while enthalpy appears to increase.
pressed liquid part, it appears that deviation also increases with saturated liquid water.

Single Graph of All Values

fic Volume Specific Internal Energy Enthalpy Entropy
100 150 200 250 300 350
Pressure (Bars)
 Specific Volume V/S Temperature
0.001045

0.00104
Specific Volume (m^3/Kg)

0.001035

0.00103

0.001025

0.00102
100 100 100 100 100 100 100

Temperature (C)

Specific Internal Energy V/S Temperature

420
Specific Internal Energy(KJ/Kg)

418

416

414

412

410

408

406
100 100 100 100 100 100 100

Temperature (C)
ature Enthalpy V/S Temperature
445

440

435
Enthalpy(KJ/Kg)
430

425

420

415

410
100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
100 100 100
Temperature (C)

perature Entropy V/S Temperature

1.31

1.305
Specific Entropy(KJ/Kg.K)

1.3

1.295

1.29

1.285

1.28

1.275

1.27
100 100 100 100 100 100 100

Temperature (C)
100 100 100
100 100 100

100 100
 Question No: 2
Superheated Vapor Values
Pressure (Bars) Temperature (Centigrade) Specific Enthalpy (KJ/Kg)
1 100 2675.8
1 150 2776.6 6000
Note: The width of the
1 200 2875.5
be distinctly seen since
1 250 2974.5
1 300 3074.5 5500
1 400 3276.6
1 500 3488.7
5000
1 600 3705.6
1 700 3929.4
1 800 4160.2 4500

Specific Enthalpy (KJ/Kg)

1 900 4398
1 1000 4642.8
1 1100 4893.6 4000
1 1200 5150.6
1 1300 5413.3
0.1 50 2592 3500

0.1 100 2687.5

0.1 150 2783
3000
0.1 200 2879.6
0.1 250 2977.5
0.1 300 3076.7 2500
0.1 400 3280
0.1 500 3489.7
0.1 600 3706.3 2000
0 200 400
0.1 700 3929.9
0.1 800 4160.6
0.1 900 4398.3
0.1 1000 4642.8 1 Bars 0.7
0.1 1100 4893.8
0.1 1200 5150.8 Conc
0.1 1300 5413.4 1. Since the curves nearly overlap ea
0.7 100 2679.7 2. However, it can be se
0.7 150 2778.73333333333 We can conclude, therefo
0.7 200 2876.86666666667 Ques
0.7 250 2975.5 Answer: The largest val
0.7 300 3075.23333333333 Question: Does water behav
0.7 400 3277.73333333333 Answer: (1) We can treat sup
0.7 500 3489.03333333333 (2) At below 10 Kpa which is th
0.7 600 3705.83333333333 (3) At pressures greater
 0.7 700 3929.56666666667 See: Thermodynam
0.7 800 4160.33333333333 For most part, the range of press
0.7 900 4398.1 Question: Il
0.7 1000 4642.8 Answer: (1) For ideal gases, p
0.7 1100 4893.66666666667 (2) The reason for this is
0.7 1200 5150.66666666667 (3
0.7 1300 5413.33333333333 Since our graph shows that curve
0.35 100 2684.25
0.35 150 2781.22222222222
0.35 200 2878.46111111111
0.35 250 2976.66666666667
0.35 300 3076.08888888889
0.35 400 3279.05555555556
0.35 500 3489.42222222222
0.35 600 3706.10555555556
0.35 700 3929.76111111111
0.35 800 4160.48888888889
0.35 900 4398.21666666667
0.35 1000 4642.8
0.35 1100 4893.74444444445
0.35 1200 5150.74444444444
0.35 1300 5413.37222222222
0.06 100 2688.02
0.06 150 2783.28444444444
0.06 200 2879.78222222222
0.06 250 2977.63333333333
0.06 300 3076.79777777778
0.06 400 3280.15111111111
0.06 500 3489.74444444444
0.06 600 3706.33111111111
0.06 700 3929.92222222222
0.06 800 4160.61777777778
0.06 900 4398.31333333333
0.06 1000 4642.8
0.06 1100 4893.80888888889
0.06 1200 5150.80888888889
0.06 1300 5413.40444444445
Pressure (Bars) Critical Pressure (Bars) Reduced Pressure
1 220.6 0.00453309156845
0.7 220.6 0.003173164097915
0.35 220.6 0.001586582048957
0.06 220.6 0.000271985494107
 00
Note: The width of the curves is increased so that each curve can
be distinctly seen since the curves nearly overlap each other.
00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400

Temperature (C)

1 Bars 0.7 Bars 0.35 Bars 0.06 Bars

Conclusion from Graph:

e the curves nearly overlap each other, it seems that values slowly change with pressure (Bars).
2. However, it can be seen that with temperature (Centigrade) they rise more.
We can conclude, therefore, that it depends more on temperature than pressure.
Question: What is the largest value of Pr?
Answer: The largest value of Pr is 0.004533092 at 1 Bar pressure as evaluated.
Question: Does water behave as an ideal gas for the range of temperature and pressure?
Answer: (1) We can treat superheated vapor as an ideal gas when temperature is higher.
) At below 10 Kpa which is the case with 0.01 Bar, it works ideally comfortably.
(3) At pressures greater than 10 Kpa, it will work ideally if temperature is high.
 See: Thermodynamics By Cengel, 5th edition, Graph 3-49, Pg # 140
most part, the range of pressure and temperature will act ideally unless temperature is low.
Question: Illustrate cp=(∂h/∂T)p=dh/dT from the graph.
Answer: (1) For ideal gases, partial derivative symbol can be replaced with ordinary signs.
(2) The reason for this is that in an ideal gas, c p depends on temperature only.
(3) h and cp have constant values.
e our graph shows that curves overlap and and gas behaves ideally, this relation will be true.
Question No: 3